Austral Líneas Aéreas

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Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Template:Infobox airline

Cielos del Sur S.A., operating as Austral Líneas Aéreas, was a domestic airline of Argentina, the sister company of Aerolíneas Argentinas.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It was the second-largest domestic scheduled airline in the country, after Aerolíneas Argentinas. As a subsidiary of Aerolíneas Argentinas, the company shared its headquarters with that airline, which is located in the Aeroparque Jorge Newbery of Buenos Aires,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> the main base of operations of the company.

Austral was fully integrated into Aerolíneas Argentinas; however, some differences arose, especially those relying upon the unions the staff of both companies are affiliated to, which led to constant conflicts.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In May 2020, it was announced that Austral would merge with Aerolíneas, saving an estimated 100 million US Dollars and eliminating Austral as a brand.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Austral ended operations on 30 November 2020.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Template:As of, the airline operated an all-Embraer 190 fleet.

History

The origins of the carrier trace back to 1957,<ref name="FI1989-59" /> when Compañía Austral de Transportes Aéreos SACI (CATASACI) was founded, starting scheduled services in Template:Start date.<ref name="FI1970-473" /> CATASACI focused its services on southwestern Argentina, but it also operated international flights to Montevideo, Puerto Montt and Punta Arenas.<ref name="FI1970-473"/> Aerotransportes Litoral Argentino (ALA) was a Rosario–based company that was founded in 1957 to operate flights between this city and Buenos Aires using Aero Commander equipment and operated flights within northern Argentina.<ref name="FI1966-595" /><ref name="FI1962-551" /> In 1965, Pan Am acquired a 22% stake in ALA in return for supplying the company with DC-3s.<ref name="FI1974-22"/> A year later, CATASACI acquired a 30% holding in ALA and the services of both companies were integrated.<ref name="FI1970-473"/>

Douglas DC-6 of Austral at Aeroparque Jorge Newbery in 1972. This aircraft served the airline from 1965.

In Template:Start date, the ALA fleet consisted of two C-46s, five DC-3s, two DC-6Bs and five YS-11A-300s that served a domestic network including Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Formosa, Goya, Paraná, Paso de los Libres, Posadas, Resistencia, Rosario, Salta, Santa Fe and Tucumán, plus regional services to Antofagasta and Asunción,<ref name="FI1971-610" /> whereas CATASACI had a fleet that included seven BAC One-Elevens —four 400s and three 500s—, one C-46, one DC-6 and three YS-11s.<ref name="FI1971-618/9" /> Austral Líneas Aéreas was formally established in Template:MONTHNAME that year from the merger of CATASACI and ALA.<ref name="FI1989-59"/> In practice, operations of the latter airline were absorbed by CATASACI, which was rebranded as Austral Líneas Aéreas S.A. after merging. Austral inherited both companies' fleet, consisting of turboprops NAMC YS-11 and jetliners BAC One-Eleven.

NAMC YS-11A of Austral at Aeroparque Jorge Newbery in 1972
Austral MD-83 in one of the former liveries, on the apron at Malvinas Argentinas International Airport (2004)

Template:None Austral became a government-owned company in 1980. After poor economic performances, there were two failed attempts to re-privatise Austral in 1981 and 1983. All that time Austral and Aerolíneas Argentinas were competitors on a number of domestic routes. Realizing that such a situation could not persist much longer, the government decided again to privatise Austral. This was much resisted by the Aerolíneas Argentinas' personnel, and more specifically its pilots, who claimed their salaries were lower than those of Austral's counterparts. Aerolíneas Argentinas' pilots union understood the government effort was not to solve their affiliates salary conflict, but to focus on privatising a loss-making carrier as Austral was instead. The consequence of this discrepance was the announcement that Aerolíneas Argentinas flights were to be indefinitely suspended by way of a strike, effective 1 July 1986.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> The strike affected both Aerolineas Argentinas' domestic and international operations. Argentine as well as foreign carriers were benefited from this strike. Ironically, Austral was included among those carriers, gaining the domestic market share Aerolíneas Argentinas lost.<ref name="Strike">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Austral became once again a privately owned firm when it was acquired by the holding company Cielos del Sur S.A. in late 1987.<ref name="FI1989-59" /> The acquisition generated some controversy on the Argentine aviation sector at that time, as it was raised that the new owner had little or no experience in managing an airline. In April 1988, the carrier became an IATA member. Shortly afterwards, the company faced a major accident during its new private era on 12 June 1988, when a McDonnell Douglas MD-81 hit a tree on a low visibility approach into Posadas and crashed. Apart from the 22 fatalities involved in the accident, it also spread concerns on the aviation sector over the airline's poor rate of occupation on some routes, of just 10.32% for this particular flight.Template:Citation needed

Cielos del Sur S.A. and Iberia formed a consortium to acquire an 85% stake in Aerolíneas Argentinas in 1990, within the framework of that flag carrier privatisation.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Soon afterwards, Cielos del Sur S.A. sold Austral to Iberia. The destiny of both Aerolíneas Argentinas and Austral became aligned thereafter. By July 1998, the company was 10% owned by its erstwhile competitor Aerolíneas Argentinas.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

On 21 July 2008, the Argentine Government took the airline back into state control after acquiring 99.4% of the share capital for an undisclosed price. The remaining 0.6% continues to be owned by the company's employees.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In September 2008, Argentina's Senate approved the nationalization of Aerolíneas Argentinas and its subsidiary Austral Líneas Aéreas on a 46–21 vote in favor of the takeover.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In Template:Start date, Aerolíneas Argentinas launched a new paint scheme to revamp the airline's image.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The new livery resembles the colour blue of Argentina's flag and the colour yellow of the sun. As its subsidiary airline, Austral also adopted the new image. Austral's livery actually differs from the Aerolíneas Argentinas' one by a red cheatline only.<ref name="NewImage">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In the meantime the airline also announced the incorporation of 20 new Embraer 190 to its fleet, receiving the first two of them in September 2010.

Destinations

The Federal Corridor (Template:Langx), was a two-way route linking the cities of Bariloche, Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Iguazú, Mendoza and Salta. Although the corridor is commercially run by Aerolíneas Argentinas, the route is operated using Austral equipment.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Fleet

Austral Líneas Aéreas Embraer 190 on the apron at Benjamín Matienzo International Airport in 2012.

Austral Líneas Aéreas underwent a major fleet renewal. In 2009, the company signed a contract with Embraer for the purchase of 20 Embraer 190s,<ref name="UPDATE: Embraer's 1H deliveries nearly reach year-earlier tally"/><ref name="Austral Lineas Aereas inks deal for 20 E-190s"/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> in a deal worth Template:US$ million that was 85% financed by BNDES.<ref name="National carriers, fleet renewal matter of 'national dignity' in Argentina"/> Two more E-190s were ordered in Template:Start date;<ref name="Austral Lineas Aereas orders two Embraer E-190s" /><ref name="Austral orders two more E-190s" /> the first of these two aircraft was incorporated into the fleet in Template:Start date.<ref name="Telam">Template:Cite news</ref>

The airline's fleet consisted of the following aircraft (Template:As of):<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name="Aerolineas studies proposals for E190 replacement" />

Austral Líneas Aéreas Fleet
Aircraft In Fleet Orders Passengers Notes
J Y Total
Embraer 190 26 — 8 88 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Total 26 —

Retired

Austral BAC One-Eleven taxiing at Aeroparque Jorge Newbery in 1993. This livery was used while the carrier was owned by Cielos del Sur S.A., and persisted for some years after the airline was acquired by Iberia.

Austral previously operated the following equipment:<ref name="ATDB"/>

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Accidents and incidents

Template:As of, Aviation Safety Network records 11 accidents/incidents for Austral Líneas Aéreas, totalling 224 deaths.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The list below includes hull-loss accidents only.

Date Location Aircraft Tail number Aircraft damage Fatalities Description Refs
Template:Dts Template:Nowrap Template:Nowrap LV-GED W/O Template:Nts/52 The aircraft was operating a domestic scheduled Buenos Aires–Mar del Plata passenger service as Flight 205. It crashed into the sea Template:Convert off the coast after a missed approach to the airport of destination. <ref>Template:ASN accident</ref>
Template:Dts Template:FlagiconBuenos Aires C-46 Commando LV-GEB W/O Template:Nts/2 One of the engines ran out of fuel at climbout after an improper selection of the fuel pump. The pilots managed to land the plane in a nearby sports field. The aircraft was operating a cargo service. <ref>Template:ASN accident</ref>
Template:Dts Template:FlagiconBahía Blanca BAC 1–11 500 LV-JNR W/O Template:Nts/74 Experienced a loss of power in an engine immediately after takeoff from Comandante Espora Airport. The pilots made a forced landing using the remaining length of the runway. Arresting cables deployed on it were unable to stop the aircraft, and damaged the fuel tanks as they broke off. Despite sparks igniting the fuel, all occupants managed to escape unharmed from the aircraft. <ref>Template:ASN accident</ref>
Template:Dts Template:FlagiconBariloche Template:Nowrap LV-JGY W/O Template:Nts/79 The airplane was operating a chartered Buenos Aires–San Carlos de Bariloche passenger service as Flight 9, when it suffered pressurization problems during climbout to Template:Convert. It flew the route despite this, although at a lower flight level. On approach to San Carlos de Bariloche Airport the aircraft collided with the ground, Template:Convert east of the destination city. <ref>Template:ASN accident</ref>
Template:Dts Template:Nowrap BAC 1–11 500 LV-LOX W/O Template:Nts/31<ref group="note">A discrepancy exists regarding the death toll, as it was claimed it rose to 30,<ref name="FI1981">Template:Cite journal</ref> or to 31.<ref name="id=19810507-0">Template:ASN accident</ref></ref> The aircraft was operating a scheduled domestic Tucumán–Buenos Aires passenger service as Flight 901. Crashed into the Río de la Plata amid stormy weather while on approach to Aeroparque Jorge Newbery, Template:Convert east-southeast of the airfield. <ref name="FI1981"/><ref name="id=19810507-0"/>
Template:Dts Template:FlagiconPosadas MD-81 N1003G W/O Template:Nts/22 Crashed on final approach to Posadas Airport after hitting trees in low visibility. Was operating a scheduled Resistencia–Posadas service as Flight 046. <ref>Template:ASN accident</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Template:Dts Template:FlagiconNuevo Berlín DC-9-32 LV-WEG W/O Template:Nts/74 Crashed while en route from Posadas to Buenos Aires operating Flight 2553 after entering a storm. The likely cause of the accident was the icing of the pitot tubes. It remains the deadliest one experienced by the carrier all through its history. <ref>Template:ASN accident</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

See also

Notes

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References

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