Close-mid central rounded vowel

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Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox IPA Template:IPA vowels

The close-mid central rounded vowel, or high-mid central rounded vowel,<ref>Template:Vowel terminology</ref> is a type of vowel sound. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA, a lowercase barred letter o. The value was specified only in 1993; until then, Template:Angbr IPA represented the mid central rounded vowel Template:IPA.

The character ɵ has been used in several Latin-derived alphabets such as the one for Yañalif but then denotes a sound that is different from that of the IPA. The character is homographic with Cyrillic Ө. The Unicode code point is Template:Unichar.

This vowel occurs in Cantonese, Dutch, French, Russian and Swedish as well as in a number of English dialects as a realization of Template:IPA (as in foot), Template:IPA (as in nurse) or Template:IPA (as in goat).

This sound rarely contrasts with the near-close front rounded vowel and so is sometimes transcribed with the symbol Template:Angbr IPA (the symbol for the near-close front rounded vowel).

Close-mid central protruded vowel

The close-mid central protruded vowel is typically transcribed in IPA simply as Template:Angbr IPA, and that is the convention used in this article. As there is no dedicated diacritic for protrusion in the IPA, symbol for the close central rounded vowel with an old diacritic for labialization, Template:Angbr IPA, can be used as an ad hoc symbol Template:Angbr IPA for the close central protruded vowel. Another possible transcription is Template:Angbr IPA or Template:Angbr IPA (a close central vowel modified by endolabialization), but this could be misread as a diphthong.

Features

Template:Close-mid vowel Template:Central vowel Template:Protruded vowel

File:Spectrogram of close-mid central rounded vowel (IPA ɵ).png
Spectrogram of Template:IPA

Template:Clear

Occurrence

Because central rounded vowels are assumed to have protrusion, and few descriptions cover the distinction, some of the following may actually have compression.

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Asturian Some Western dialects<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'outside' Realization of Template:Angbr in the diphthong Template:Angbr. May also be realized as Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink.
Azeri TabrizTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:Lang Template:IPA 'eye' Typically transcribed as Template:IPA.
Chinese Cantonese Template:Lang/Template:Lang Template:IPA 'to go out' See Cantonese phonology
Dutch StandardTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'hut' See Dutch phonology
English Cardiff<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> foot Template:IPA 'foot' More often unrounded Template:IPAblink;<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> corresponds to Template:IPAblink in other dialects. See English phonology
General South AfricanTemplate:Sfnp Younger, especially female speakers.Template:Sfnp Other speakers have a less front vowel Template:IPAblink. May be transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA or Template:Angbr IPA. See South African English phonology
Modern Received Pronunciation<ref>Template:Citation</ref> Template:IPA Template:IPA in more conservative varieties. See English phonology
HullTemplate:Sfnp goat Template:IPA 'goat' Corresponds to Template:IPA in other dialects.
New ZealandTemplate:Sfnp bird Template:IPA 'bird' Corresponds to Template:IPA in other dialects. See New Zealand English phonology
French<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'I' May be transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA or Template:Angbr IPA. Also described as mid Template:IPAblink.Template:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp May be more front for a number of speakers. See French phonology
German SwabianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'becomes' Allophone of Template:IPA before Template:IPA.Template:Sfnp
Upper SaxonTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'wonder' The example word is from the Chemnitz dialect.
HiwTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'forget'
Irish MunsterTemplate:Sfnp dúnadh Template:IPA 'closing' Allophone of Template:IPA adjacent to broad consonants, when the vowel in the preceding syllable is either Template:IPA or Template:IPA.Template:Sfnp See Irish phonology
Kazakh Template:Lang Template:IPA 'eye' Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA.
Limburgish Most dialectsTemplate:SfnpTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'bump' Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. The example word is from the Weert dialect.Template:SfnpTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp
MaastrichtianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'books' Sometimes realized as a narrow diphthong Template:IPA;Template:Sfnp typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. Front Template:IPAblink in other dialects.Template:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp
MongolianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang/ögökh Template:IPA 'to give'
Norwegian StavangerskTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'gold' Near-close Template:IPAblink in other dialects that have this vowel.Template:Sfnp Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. See Norwegian phonology
Urban EastTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'sweet' Also described as front Template:IPAblink;Template:Sfnp typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. See Norwegian phonology
Ripuarian Kerkrade dialect<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt. The source describes this vowel as the same as the short u in Standard Dutch lucht, which is close-mid central Template:IPA (Template:Harvcoltxt).</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'marksman' See Kerkrade dialect phonology
RussianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang/tyotya Template:Audio-IPA 'aunt' Allophone of Template:IPA following a palatalized consonant. See Russian phonology
Tajik Northern dialectsTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang/kūh Template:IPA 'mountain' May be realized as mid Template:IPAblink, merged with /u/ in the central and southern dialects. See Tajik phonology
Toda பர்/pȫr Template:IPA 'name'
Uzbek Template:Lang Template:IPA 'eye' Allophone of Template:IPA, especially near velar consonants Template:IPA and Template:IPA. May be realized as mid Template:IPAblink. See Uzbek phonology
West Frisian StandardTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'well' Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. See West Frisian phonology
Southwestern dialects<ref name="hh">Template:Harvcoltxt, citing Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'feet' Corresponds to Template:IPA in other dialects.<ref name="hh"/> See West Frisian phonology
Xumi LowerTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'to filter tea' Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA.Template:Sfnp
UpperTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'way to do things' Allophone of Template:IPA after alveolar consonants; may be realized as Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink instead.Template:Sfnp

Close-mid central compressed vowel

Template:Infobox IPA

As there is no official diacritic for compression in the IPA, it is sometimes approximated with the centralizing diacritic used on the front rounded vowel Template:IPA, which is normally compressed. Other possible transcriptions are Template:Angbr IPA (Template:IPA modified with labial compression) and Template:Angbr IPA.

Features

Template:Close-mid vowel Template:Central vowel Template:Compressed vowel

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Swedish Central StandardTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'full' More often described as mid Template:IPAblink.Template:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp See Swedish phonology
Siberian Tatar Baraba Template:Example needed

See also

Notes

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References

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