Dinar
Template:Short description Template:Other uses
The dinar (Template:IPAc-en, Template:IPAc-en) is the name of the principal currency unit in several countries near the Mediterranean Sea, with a more widespread historical use. The English word "dinar" is the transliteration of the Arabic Template:Lang (Template:Lang), which was borrowed via the Syriac Template:Lang from the Latin Template:Lang.<ref>Oxford English Dictionary, Second edition, 1989, s.v. "dinar"; online version November 2010</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
The modern gold dinar is a projected bullion gold coin, and Template:As of is not issued as an official currency by any state.
History
The modern dinar's historical antecedents are the Eastern Roman silver denarius (greek δηνάριο - "dinario"), and gold dinar and the silver dirham, the main coin of the medieval Islamic empires, first issued in AH 77 (696–697 AD) (Late Antiquity) by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. The word "dinar" derives from the Latin word "dēnārius," a silver coin of ancient Rome, which was first minted about c. 211 BC.
The Kushan Empire introduced a gold coin known as the dīnāra in India in the 1st century AD; the Gupta Empire and its successors up to the 6th century adopted the coin.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
The 8th-century English king Offa of Mercia minted imitations of Abbasid dinars struck in 774 by Caliph al-Mansur with "Offa Rex" centred on the reverse.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Medieval European Coinage Template:Webarchive by Philip Grierson, p. 330.</ref> The moneyer likely had no understanding of Arabic as the Arabic text contains many errors. Such coins may have been produced for trade with Islamic Spain. These coins are called a Mancus, which is also derived from the Arabic language.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Legal tender
Countries with current usage
Countries currently using a currency called "dinar" or similar:
| Countries | Currency | ISO 4217 code |
|---|---|---|
| Template:Flag | Algerian dinar | DZD |
| Template:Flag | Bahraini dinar | BHD |
| Template:Flag | Iraqi dinar | IQD |
| Template:Flag | Jordanian dinar | JOD |
| Template:Flag | Kuwaiti dinar | KWD |
| Template:Flag | Libyan dinar | LYD |
| Template:Flag | Macedonian denar | MKD MKN (1992−1993) |
| Template:Flag | Serbian dinar | RSD CSD (2003–2006) |
| Template:Flag | Tunisian dinar | TND |
As a subunit
- Template:Frac of the Iranian rial
Countries with former usage
Countries and regions which have previously used a currency called "dinar" in the 20th century:
| Countries | Currency | ISO 4217 code | Used | Replaced by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Flag | Bahraini dinar | BHD | 1966–1973 | United Arab Emirates Dirham |
| Template:Flag | Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar | BAD | 1992–1998 | Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark |
| Template:Flag | Cornish Dynar | 900 – 1960: | GBP | |
| Template:Flag | Croatian dinar | HRD | 1991–1994 | Croatian kuna |
| Template:Flag | Iranian rial was divided into at first 1250 and then 100 dinars | |||
| Template:Flag | Yemeni dinar | YDD | 1965–1990 | Yemeni rial |
| Template:Flag | 1990–1996 | |||
| Template:Flag | Sudanese dinar | SDD | 1992–2007 | Sudanese pound |
| Template:Flag Template:Flag Template:Flag |
Yugoslav dinar | YUF (1945–1965) YUD (1965–1989) YUN (1990–1992) YUR (1992–1993) YUO (1993) YUG (1994) YUM (1994–2003) |
1918–2003 | Serbian dinar |
See also
- Economy of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
- Kelantanese dinar
- Islamic State dinar
- List of circulating currencies
- Middle East economic integration
References
External links
Template:Commons category Template:Wiktionary
Template:Dinar Template:Islamic banking and finance Template:Authority control