Drayton Parslow
Template:Short description Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox UK place
Drayton Parslow is a village and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England, about Template:Convert south of Bletchley, within the Buckinghamshire Council unitary authority area. In the 2001 census the parish had a population of 596,<ref>Template:NOMIS2001</ref> increasing at the 2011 census to 614.<ref name=census2011>Template:NOMIS2011</ref>
Toponym
In the 11th century the toponym was Draintone or Draitone.<ref name=Page>Template:Harvnb</ref> This is derived from Old English and means "farm where sledges are used". It is a common English toponym for places that were on a hillside, where a sledge rather than a cart was needed for heavy loads.Template:Citation needed By the 13th century it had become Draitone Passele, referring to the Passelewe family, who tenanted the manor of Drayton from the latter part of the 11th century.<ref name=Page/> It evolved through Draygtone Passelewe in the 14th century and Draighton Perselow in the 17th century before reaching its current form.<ref name=Page/>
Manor
In the reign of Edward the Confessor in the 11th century, Lewin de Nuneham held a manor of two hides and one virgate at Drayton.<ref name=Page/> After the Norman Conquest of England, Lewin was displaced as feudal overlord by the Norman Geoffrey de Montbray, Bishop of Coutances.<ref name=Page/> De Montbray tried unsuccessfully to displace the Passelewes as his tenants, and the family retained Drayton until 1379 when it passed by marriage to the Purcell family.<ref name=Page/> In 1461 it was conveyed to a descendant of the Passelewes, William Laycon, in whose family it then remained until at least 1570.<ref name=Page/>
In Edward the Confessor's reign, two brothers held a second, smaller manor of three virgates at Drayton.<ref name=Page/> The Domesday Book records that by 1086 William I's half-brother Odo, Bishop of Bayeux held the fief of this manor.<ref name=Page/> However, Odo was tried for fraud in 1076 and disgraced again in 1082 for acting without Royal authority, and his extensive estates were eventually escheated to the Crown. Odo's Drayton manor was annexed to the Honour of Ampthill in Bedfordshire.<ref name=Page/> In 1562 it was linked with the manor of East Greenwich, and the last record of overlordship of this manor is dated 1607.<ref name=Page/>
Church and chapels
Church of England
The Church of England parish church of the Holy Trinity contains fragments of 12th-century masonry.<ref name=EH-church>Template:NHLE</ref> The first known documentary record of the parish church is from 1232.<ref name=Page/> The chancel was rebuilt in the 14th century<ref name=EH-church/> in the Decorated Gothic style. In the 15th century the nave was rebuilt and the west tower was built or rebuilt in the Perpendicular Gothic style.<ref name=EH-church/> Of the same period are the Perpendicular Gothic hexagonal baptismal font,Template:Sfn the three-light east window of the chancel, a 15th-century alabaster relief above the altar depicting the Crucifixion of Jesus and fragments of 15th-century stained glass in the windows.<ref name=EH-church/> In the 16th century the south porch was added.<ref name=EH-church/> In 1863 the church was restored and the chancel was extended about Template:Convert eastwards, re-using the Perpendicular east window in the new position.<ref name=Page/> Holy Trinity is now a Grade II* listed building.<ref name=EH-church/>
By 1925 Holy Trinity had a ring of three bells.<ref name=Page/> Bartholomew Atton of Buckingham<ref name=DoveFounders>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> cast the tenor bell in 1591.<ref name=DoveDetails>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> John Taylor & Co of Loughborough, who at the time also had a foundry at Oxford, cast the treble and second bell in 1842.<ref name=DoveDetails/> In 1935 these became the fourth and fifth bells as John Taylor & Co cast a new treble, second and third bells, increasing the ring to six.<ref name=DoveDetails/>
Holy Trinity has also a Sanctus bell that was cast in 1669 by Anthony Chandler, who worked at his family's bell-foundry in the village (see below).<ref name=DoveDetails/>
Holy Trinity parish is now part of the Benefice of Newton Longville, Mursley, Swanbourne, Little Horwood and Drayton Parslow.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Drayton Rectory is a Georgian house of five bays built in 1753<ref name=EH-rectory>Template:NHLE</ref> or 1754.Template:Sfn
Holy Trinity Church has been Grade II* listed (Entry Number: 1289256) since 19 August 1959. The summary states: "Fragments of C12 masonry, C14 chancel, C15 nave and W. tower,C16 S. porch. All much restored C19".<ref name=EH-church/>
Baptist
Drayton Baptist Chapel was built in 1830.<ref name=Page/> The chapel is now closed and the building sold in 2022.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Methodist
Drayton's first Primitive Methodist chapel was built in 1847.<ref name=Page/> In 1912 it was replaced with a new Gothic Revival red brick chapel, and in 1932 it became part of the Methodist Union.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Drayton's Methodist congregation declined in the 1960s and 70s, and in 1984 the chapel was sold and converted into a private house.
History
The settlement is recorded in the Domesday Book (1086) which lists 18 households. In later years, the top end of the village became known as Hog End and later, Church End. Until the 1800s, most residents worked in agriculture.<ref name=draytonparslow>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Bell-foundry
Drayton Parslow had a bell-foundry from 1635 to 1754.<ref name=DoveFounders/> It was started by Richard I Chandler and run by members of his family for the next 91 years.<ref name=DoveFounders/> In 1726 Edward Hall took over, and continued the business until 1754.<ref name=DoveFounders/> By early 1800, the business was no longer in operation, probably because of increasing competition.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Reports indicate that 163 bells that were cast by founders from Drayton Parslow are known to survive.<ref name=DoveFounders/> Examples in Buckinghamshire include bells at St James, Aston Abbotts, St Nicholas, Ickford and St Giles, Pitchcott and the Sanctus bell at St John the Evangelist, Whitchurch. There are also examples in Oxfordshire including at The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Beckley, St Michael's, Fringford, St Mary the Virgin, Kidlington and SS Peter and Paul, Steeple Aston and the Sanctus bells at St Mary, Chesterton and St Nicholas', Emmington. An example in Northamptonshire is at St James the Less, Sulgrave.
World War I and II
Residents of the village were involved in both world wars.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The village has a memorial obelisk that states: Commemoration First World War (1914-1918), Second World War (1939-1945) at the junction of Main Road and Chapel Lane.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
According to Historic England, the village was also a World War II outstation to the Government Code and Cipher School at Bletchley Park; some of the work was moved here in 1943 when the group needed more space. Another source indicates that the buildings were also used as a prisoner of war camp, and after the war, as a hostel for displaced persons and those employed at the brick works. After the war, the Post Office used some of the buildings as a training centre.<ref name=draytonparslow/> By the late 1980s the site had been redeveloped; a housing estate is now located there, Prospect Close.<ref>Template:HERR</ref>
Amenities
Drayton Parslow Village School is a mixed, community, infant school, which educates children between the ages of four and seven and has about 45 pupils. Since 2007 the school has been in a partnership sharing a single headteacher with the schools in Mursley and Swanbourne.<ref>Drayton Parslow Village School, Mursley C of E School, Swanbourne C of E School</ref> Many parish children older than seven go to Swanbourne C of E School,<ref>Swanbourne C of E School</ref> the Junior school of the Three Schools, while others travel to Stewkley or Winslow.
Drayton Parslow has a public house, The Three Horseshoes.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The community has a village hall (Greenacre Hall), a Sports and Social Club, and a recreation field with playground and cricket pitch. A MUGA (multi-use games area) is located beside the village hall. The village school educates children to Year 3; Schools are located in the nearby communities for Grade 4 to 7.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 2004, part of the village was declared a Conservation Area "of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance".<ref>https://www.aylesburyvaledc.gov.uk/drayton-parslow-conservation-area, Drayton Parslow Conservation Area</ref>
Notable people
- William Wright (1841–1916), cricketer