Eddie August Schneider

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Eddie August Henry Schneider (October 20, 1911 – December 23, 1940) was an American aviator who set three transcontinental airspeed records for pilots under the age of twenty-one in 1930.<ref name=three/> His plane was a Cessna Model AW with a Warner-Scarab engine, one of only 48 built, that he called "The Kangaroo".<ref name=breakrecord/><ref name=ap1/><ref name=thekangaroo>Template:Cite news</ref> He set the east-to-west, then the west-to-east, and the combined round trip record.<ref name=nyt22/><ref name="record">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=bio/> He was the youngest certificated pilot in the United States, and the youngest certified airplane mechanic.<ref name=marriage/> He was a pilot in the Spanish Civil War in the Yankee Squadron.<ref name=nat>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=NYT0161937>Template:Cite news</ref> He died in an airplane crash in 1940, while training another pilot, when a Boeing-Stearman Model 75 belonging to the United States Navy Reserve overtook him and clipped his plane's tail at Floyd Bennett Field.<ref name=NYT12241940>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=JJ12241940>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=WP12241940>Template:Cite news</ref>

Birth and family

Schneider was born on October 20, 1911, at 2nd Avenue and 17th Street in Manhattan in New York. His father was Emil August Schneider (1886–1955) who was born in Bielefeld, Germany. His mother was Inga Karoline Eldora Pedersen (1882–1927), who was born in Farsund, Norway.<ref name=passport>United States passport for Emil August Schneider from April 14, 1921</ref> Eddie had one full sibling: Alice Violetta Schneider (1913–2002) who married John Harms (1905–1985).<ref name=passport/><ref name=bio>Template:Cite news</ref> He was never called Edward, he was baptized as "Eddie Auguste Henry Schneider" on November 12, 1911, at Our Saviour's Lutheran Church in Queens, New York City.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=flyingseptember>Template:Cite news</ref>

Early years

The family moved from Manhattan to Red Bank, New Jersey, and then to Jersey City, New Jersey, by 1920 where his father owned a delicatessen. Eddie attended William L. Dickinson High School and dropped out of school in 1926, at age 15 to go to work as a plane mechanic at Roosevelt Field in Hempstead, Long Island.<ref name=JJ12241940/> His mother died In 1927 after which he, his father, and sister visited Bielefeld and Farsund to visit with relatives. In Germany Eddie went on a plane ride from Hamburg to Hanover and then aviation became his obsession.<ref name=bio/><ref name=flyingseptember/> In 1928–1929 he trained at Roosevelt Field on Long Island and became the youngest person in the United States to receive a commercial pilot certificate.<ref name=newyorkattorney/> That same year he also received a mechanics certificate, becoming the youngest certificated airplane mechanic in New York.<ref name=NYT12241940/> In April 1930 Eddie was living in Hempstead, Long Island with Carl Schneider (1898–?) who was also working as a mechanic. Eddie's father bought him a used, red, 1927 Cessna Model AW monoplane with tail number C9092. It already had been flown five hundred thousand air miles.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He called it "the kangaroo".<ref name=breakrecord/>

Transcontinental air speed record

Eddie reported that he intended to fly to the Pacific coast and back on July 30, 1930.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On August 25, 1930, he set the round-trip transcontinental air speed record for pilots under the age of twenty-one years in his Cessna using a Warner Scarab engine. The trip was sponsored by Richfield Oil. He flew from Westfield, New Jersey, on August 14, 1930, to Los Angeles, California, in 4 days with a combined flying time of 29 hours and 55 minutes. He lowered the East to West record by 4 hours and 22 minutes. He then made the return trip from Los Angeles to Roosevelt Airfield in New York in 27 hours and 19 minutes, lowering the West to East record by 1 hour and 36 minutes.<ref name=record/> His total elapsed time for the round trip was 57 hours and 14 minutes, breaking the preceding record for the round trip. Frank Herbert Goldsborough held the previous record which was 62 hours and 58 minutes. When Eddie landed in New York on August 25, 1930, his first words were to his father: "Hello Pop, I made it."<ref name=CT08251930>Template:Cite news</ref> He was carrying letters from the Mayor John Clinton Porter of Los Angeles, to Mayor Frank Hague of Jersey City.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Combined he set three records.<ref name=three>Template:Cite news</ref>

Air tours

After setting the transcontinental speed record he entered in the 1930 Ford National Reliability Air Tour in Chicago, which ran from August 23, 1930, to September 1, 1930. He won the Great Lakes Trophy. Nancy Hopkins also flew in the tour that year.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 1931 Eddie participated in, what was the last Ford National Reliability Air Tour, in his Cessna. A defect in his engine forced a landing while flying over a mountainous section of Kentucky. He made a forced landing in a corn patch on the side of the mountain. A new engine was sent to him and after a difficult takeoff, he went on to win first place for single engine aircraft, and finished third overall.<ref name=JJ12241940/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=wa>Template:Cite news</ref>

Time wrote:

Sensation of the meet was the youngster Eddie Schneider, 19, who fell into last place by a forced landing of his Cessna and a three-day delay in Kentucky, then fought his way back to finish third, ahead of all other light planes.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>{{#if:|

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During one of the National Air Tours, Schneider had taken off in his Cessna with the Warner Scarab engine, from Chicago bound for the balloon races in Cleveland. He saw the crowd scatter below, looked up and saw the 40-foot left wing of a twenty passenger Burnelli transport plane directly over him. Passengers in the Burnelli scrambled to the other side of the cabin to tilt the wing back up. Schneider sent his plane diving just as the Burnelli's wing scraped his plane's wing. A crash was averted by his dip. The officials said his quick action in dipping his plane close to the ground and then pulling clear of the grandstand had probably averted the most serious accident in the races.<ref name=bio/>

Marriage

In 1932 he went to work for the Hoover Air League as co-director of the Aviation Division.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> He married Gretchen Frances Hahnen (1902–1986) in New York City on June 2, 1934, at the New York Municipal Building in Manhattan.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Gretchen was the daughter of Zora Montgomery Courtney (1882–1962) and was originally from Peoria, Illinois. Her father was Herman F. Hahnen from Des Moines, Iowa. She was a member the Jersey City Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) and was director of the Aviation Club of The Jersey Journal, and the editor of the Junior Club Magazine. Eddie met her at an aviation function.<ref name=marriage>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> They did not have any children.

Jersey City Airport

Starting on January 1, 1935, Eddie leased the Jersey City Airport and ran his flying school from there until the field was converted into a sports stadium using WPA money.<ref name=crash/><ref name=wpa>Template:Cite news</ref> Eddie was taking off in a Travel Air three-seat, open-cockpit biplane with his student, Fred Weigel (1904–1990), when the motor died. From an altitude of 100 feet they crashed into Newark Bay, but were unhurt and were able to walk ashore.<ref name=bio/><ref name=JJ12241940/><ref name=crash>Template:Cite news</ref> He also taught Herbert Sargent to fly with just 55 minutes in lessons.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Spanish Civil War

In 1936, Eddie left for Spain to fly in the Yankee Squadron for the Spanish Loyalists in the Spanish Civil War with Frederic Ives Lord, Bertrand Blanchard Acosta, and Gordon Berry. They were recruited by a lawyer in New York City.<ref name=newyorkattorney>Template:Cite news</ref> Time magazine wrote on December 21, 1936:

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He was living at 50 Jones Street in Jersey City at the time he was recruited.<ref name=jvl>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was promised he would be paid $1,500 ($Template:Formatprice today) each month and given a bonus of $1,000 ($Template:Formatprice today) for every rebel plane he shot down.<ref name=plebiscite/>

Another American flyer, Hilaire du Berrier, was already is Spain by time they arrived. Frederic Ives Lord became their squadron commander, and he tried to convince the Loyalist authorities that the planes they were given were too dilapidated to fly. When the commandant insisted that the planes were safe, Lord took him up for a test flight, and at two thousand feet up one of the four wings broke off. The commandant motioned Lord to climb higher so they could escape by using their parachutes. Lord wanted to try to land with the remaining lower wings intact. He landed the plane safely but he was arrested and was going to be shot. The airplane mechanics intervened and explained that his loss of the wing was accidental, not intentional. Things became so difficult and dangerous for the Americans that each time one of them landed they pulled out their pistols in case someone was coming to arrest them. They went to Valencia, Spain to complain to the air ministry, but the ministry was only interested in reading to the flyers the reports on Bertrand Blanchard Acosta and his heavy drinking. Berry, Lord, Acosta and Schneider decided it was time to demobilize and return to the United States. Acosta, Schneider and Lord planned to escape from Bilbao to Biarritz, France, by motorboat after they had been refused a promised Christmas leave. Their plan was discovered and the pilot of their boat was arrested and executed. The pilots were then jailed for 18 hours.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

On returning to New York City in January 1937, Schneider claimed he was never paid in full. Spain claimed that they were paid in full, and were not owed any money.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Others who flew for the loyalists included: Bert Acosta, Gordon Berry, and Frederic Ives Lord.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> When he returned he was questioned by Chief Assistant United States Attorney, John F. Dailey on January 15, 1937, in New York. Eddie's lawyer was Colonel Lewis Landes. On January 20, 1937, Eddie, Bert, and Gordon flew to Washington, D.C., and had to testify again. When talking to reporters Eddie said:

I was broke, hungry, jobless... yet despite the fact that all three of us are old-time aviators who did our part for the development of the industry, we were left out in the cold in the Administration's program of job making. Can you blame us for accepting the lucrative Spanish offer?

He later said "This was a mess... and there was always that never-ending jockeying for the power among the factions to contend with, it got to the point where we did not know who we were fighting and why, and you can say that we are damn glad to be back."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The flyers had their passports confiscated, and they were to be returned when they attested that they had never forsworn allegiance to America.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Middle years

In 1938 Eddie stood at 5-foot, 8 inches (68 inches) and weighed 160 pounds (73 kg).<ref>World War II draft registration</ref> He had blue eyes and blond hair, and he was living at 38 Broadway in Manhattan. Eddie began work for American Airlines at Newark Airport in New Jersey, he then moved to Jackson Heights, Queens on Long Island, when the American Airlines eastern terminal had moved to LaGuardia Airport.<ref name=JJ12241940/> Eddie registered for the draft on October 16, 1940, when he was living at 32–50 73rd Street in Jackson Heights, Queens in New York.<ref name=bio/><ref name=HVPR>H. V. Pat Reilly; Balloon to the Moon (1992); Template:ISBN</ref>

Death

On December 23, 1940, around 1:25 pm, Eddie was killed in an accident at Floyd Bennett Field at age 29,<ref>Eddie Schneider's death certificate</ref> while training George Wilson Herzog (1903–1940).<ref name=WP12241940/> They were flying at about 600 feet, about to land, when United States Navy Reserve pilot Kenneth A. Kuehner, age 25, of Minster, Ohio, struck the tail assembly of Eddie's plane with his Boeing-Stearman Model 75. Eddie's plane went into a spin and crashed into Deep Creek, just off of Flatbush Avenue. Both Herzog and Schneider were dead at the scene of impact. The bodies were taken to King's County Hospital, and Eddie's cause of death was listed as "crushed chest & abdomen; hemothorax & hemoperitoneum in aeroplane crash". The accident was investigated by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) and Kuehner was ruled at fault for flying too low and failing to observe the traffic in front of him. The air traffic controllers were also chastised.<ref>Civil Aeronautics Board Investigation of July 1941, box 14</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The United States House of Representatives reported the accident as follows on November 7, 1941:

It appears that on December 23, 1940, a private plane piloted by Eddie Schneider was struck by a Navy plane, piloted by Ensign Kenneth A. Kuehner, United States Naval Reserve, in the vicinity of Floyd Bennett Field, Brooklyn, N. Y., causing the death of Eddie Schneider and completely demolishing his plane. The evidence indicates that the first contact of the Navy plane with the private plane was when its propeller cut through the tail of the private plane and cut the tail completely off. This was confirmed by the fact that the tail surfaces of the private plane were found later to have been completely severed and by markings found on the propeller of the Navy plane. After the propeller of the Navy plane severed the tail surfaces, the private plane pulled ahead for an instant. The Navy plane swung slightly then overtook the private plane, again cutting one of its wings causing it to immediately spin to the waters below. An inspection of the Navy plane revealed that the leading edges of both blades of the propeller had been gouged and nicked, apparently at the time the ...<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Widow

In 1941 Gretchen appealed to Congress to pay for the funeral, which totaled $365.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> On February 13, 1942, Gretchen again appealed to Congress for financial relief with HR 5290.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Around 1953–1954 Gretchen donated Schneider's books to the Smithsonian Institution and they are now housed at the National Air and Space Museum.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> In 1961 she was given an award by the Early Fliers Club of Long Island.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Aircraft

1927 Cessna Model AW called "the Kangaroo". It was originally painted red and by January 1931 was painted in the Richfield Oil Corporation colors of blue and cream.<ref name=ap1/><ref name=greatlake/><ref name=miami>Template:Cite news</ref> "We named the ship the Kangaroo, because we hoped I could get to California in a couple of jumps."<ref name=breakrecord>Template:Cite news</ref>

Major air races

1930 Ford National Reliability Air Tour (National Air Tour) Detroit, Michigan; Plane number 21. Great Lakes Trophy, and eighth place overall.<ref name=greatlake>Template:Cite news</ref>
1931 Ford National Reliability Air Tour (National Air Tour) Detroit, Michigan; Plane number 17. First place for single engine planes, third place overall.<ref name=wa/>

Junior transcontinental air speed record holders

1930 Frank Herbert Goldsborough.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
1930 Eddie August Schneider.<ref name=bio/>
1930 Robert Nietzel Buck.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

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1930 transcontinental itinerary

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Westfield, New Jersey; departure: August 14, 1930, 5:55 am, Eastern Daylight Time.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Williamsburg, Pennsylvania; departure: August 15, 1930, 12:30 pm.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Columbus, Ohio, departure: August 15, 1930, 3:21 pm.<ref name=louis1>Template:Cite news</ref>
St. Louis, Missouri; arrival: August 15, 1930 7:05 pm, Central Standard Time; departure: August 16, 1930, 1:25 pm; elapsed time: 8 hours 38 minutes.<ref name=louis1/>
Wichita, Kansas; arrival: August 16, 1930, 7:45 pm.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Santa Rosa, New Mexico, aka Anton Chico, New Mexico.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Albuquerque, New Mexico; arrival: August 18, 1930, 5:55 am, Mountain Standard Time; departure: August 18, 1930, 7:40 am, Mountain Standard Time.<ref name=thekangaroo/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Los Angeles, California; arrival: August 19, 1930; departure: August 21, 1930, 6:17:30 am, Pacific Standard Time (elapsed flying time of 29 hours and 55 minutes from New Jersey to California).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=LAT1>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Albuquerque, New Mexico; arrival: August 21, 1930, 3:13 pm Mountain Time<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Columbus, Ohio; arrival: August 23, 1930, 3:35 p.m. (Eastern Standard Time); departure: August 24, 1930, ~8:00 a.m.<ref name=ap1/><ref>Template:Citation</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Roosevelt Field, Long Island in Garden City, New York; arrival August 25, 1930, 4:03 pm, est; elapsed time: 27 hours and 19 minutes, lowering the West to East record by 1 hour and 36 minutes. His total elapsed time for the round trip was 57 hours and 14 minutes.<ref name=ap1>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=nyt22>Template:Cite news</ref>
Chicago, Illinois (to attend National Air Races).

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References and notes

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External links

Template:Sister project links Portrait of aviator Eddie Schneider, Los Angeles, ca. 1930. Los Angeles Times Photographic Archive (Collection 1429). UCLA Library Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library, University of California, Los Angeles. Template:S-start Template:Succession box Template:S-end Template:Authority control

Eddie August Schneider

Contents

Birth and family

Early years

Transcontinental air speed record

Air tours

Marriage

Jersey City Airport

Spanish Civil War

Middle years

Death

Widow

Aircraft

Major air races

Junior transcontinental air speed record holders

1930 transcontinental itinerary

See also

Archive

References and notes

External links

Navigation menu

Eddie August Schneider

Birth and family

Early years

Transcontinental air speed record

Air tours

Marriage

Jersey City Airport

Spanish Civil War

Middle years

Death

Widow

Aircraft

Major air races

Junior transcontinental air speed record holders

1930 transcontinental itinerary

See also

Archive

References and notes

External links

Navigation menu

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