Entertainments National Service Association
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Template:Multiple image The Entertainments National Service Association (ENSA) was an organisation established in 1939 by Basil Dean and Leslie Henson to provide entertainment for British armed forces personnel during World War II. ENSA operated as part of the Navy, Army and Air Force Institutes. In 1946 it was re-named to Combined Services Entertainment (CSE)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> operating under the Services Sound and Vision Corporation (SSVC), until 2 March 2020, when the SSVC re-branded to the British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS), with the CSE likewise re-branding as BFBS Live Events.<ref>Myers, Rollo. 'Music in Battle-dress', in Music Since 1939 (1947), pp. 9-30</ref>
The first big wartime variety concert organised by ENSA was broadcast by the BBC to the Empire and local networks from RAF Hendon in north London on 17 October 1939. Among the entertainers appearing on the bill were Adelaide Hall, The Western Brothers and Mantovani. A newsreel of this concert showing Hall singing "We're Going to Hang out the Washing on the Siegfried Line" accompanied by Mantovani and His Orchestra exists.<ref>Mantovani: A Lifetime in Music by Colin MacKenzie, p. 78: Template:ISBN</ref>
Many members of ENSA later had careers in the entertainment industry after the war, including actors Terry-Thomas, Peter Sellers and Kenneth Connor.
Tap and acrobatic dancer Vivienne Hole, stage name Vivienne Fayre, a civilian aged 19, was the only ENSA member killed in the war. On 23 January 1945 in Normandy, she was being driven between shows as a passenger aboard a truck carrying stage scenery which strayed into a minefield.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She was buried with full military honours in Sittard War Cemetery.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In popular culture
Despite many extremely talented entertainers working for ENSA, the organisation was necessarily spread thin over the vast area it had to cover. Thus many entertainments were substandard, and the popular translation of the acronym ENSA was "Every Night Something Awful".
ENSA plays a modest role in the film Love Story (1944) in which Margaret Lockwood stars as a concert pianist who makes an ENSA tour to North Africa and the Mediterranean region. The film Desert Mice (1959) follows the fictional escapades of an ENSA troop with Sid James assigned to the Afrika Korps.
The only known ENSA theatre to have survived in its original condition is the Garrison Theatre at Hurst Castle in the New Forest National Park. Created by servicemen in 1939, the proscenium arch still bears the badge and grenades of the Royal Artillery, and the curtains still hang from an original galvanised gas pipe. Shows are presented from time to time by the Friends of Hurst Castle.
Partial list of performers
- Inga Andersen <ref>London Evening Standard, August 7, 1944, 2. Also mentions Barbirolli, Burke, Delysia, Evans, Forsythe, Seamon & Farrell, Fyfe, Hearne, Lawrence, Lind, Novello and Wynyard.</ref>
- Avril Angers<ref name="genome78">Template:Cite web</ref>
- Hermione Baddeley
- John Barbirolli
- Marie Burke
- Helen Clare<ref name="helenclare">Template:Cite web</ref>
- Kenneth Connor
- Noël Coward<ref name="amazon">Template:Cite book</ref>
- Peter Cushing<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Bebe Daniels
- Alice Delysia
- Lyle Evans
- Gracie Fields<ref name="genome78" />
- George Formby<ref name="amazon" />
- Forsythe, Seamon and Farrell
- Will Fyfe
- Beryl Grey<ref name="amazon" />
- Geraldo<ref name="genome" />
- Sonnie Hale<ref name="genome">Template:Cite web</ref>
- Adelaide Hall
- Richard Hearne
- Myra Hess
- Stanley Holloway<ref name="genome" />
- Frankie Howerd<ref name="amazon" />
- Gertrude Lawrence
- Mary Lee<ref name="francie">Template:Cite book</ref>
- Cheryl Lind
- Vera Lynn<ref name="amazon" />
- Jessie Matthews<ref name="genome" />
- Laurence Olivier<ref name="amazon" />
- Mantovani
- Ivor Novello
- Lennard Pearce
- Bob and Alf Pearson
- Arthur Riscoe<ref name="genome78" />
- Thelma Ruby<ref name="Miller">Template:Cite news</ref>
- Peter Sellers
- Terry-Thomas
- Hazel Vincent Wallace<ref name="ODNB">Template:Cite web</ref>
- The Western Brothers
- Diana Wynyard