Haidian, Beijing

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Haidian (Template:Zh) is a northwest urban district of Beijing, bordering Xicheng and Fengtai.

It is Template:Convert in area, making it the second-largest district in urban Beijing area (after Chaoyang), and is home to 3,133,469 inhabitants as of November 2020.<ref name="2020Census_HaidianResults">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> According to the latest 2025 census data, the population of Haidian District is 3.122 million.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Administrative division

Haidian is divided into 22 subdistricts and 7 towns.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Name Chinese (S) Hanyu Pinyin citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>!! Area (km2)

Wanshou Road Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 121,453 8.90
Yongding Road Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 90,879 0.70
Yangfangdian Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 120,302 6.61
Ganjiakou Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 117,946 6.50
Balizhuang Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 133,400 4.40
Zizhuyuan Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 129,367 6.23
Beixiaguan Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 146,366 6.04
Beitaipingzhuang Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 163,920 5.17
Xueyuan Road Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 226,315 8.49
Zhongguancun Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 130,672 6.23
Haidian Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 123,191 5.00
Qinglongqiao Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 84,221 15.50
Qinghuayuan Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 56,592 2.70
Yanyuan Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 29,779 1.84
Xiangshan Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 28,535 25.37
Qinghe Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 147,395 9.37
Huayuan Road Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 139,362 6.30
Xisanqi Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 157,642 8.70
Malianwa Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 119,022 5.50
Tiancun Road Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 108,088 7.70
Shangdi Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 67,139 9.40
Shuguang Subdistrict lang}} lang}} 86,181 9.61
Haidian Town lang}} lang}} 2,022 41.90
Dongsheng Town lang}} lang}} 58,151 45.20
Wenquan Town lang}} lang}} 69,165 33.23
Sijiqing Town lang}} lang}} 162,700 40.83
Xibeiwang Town lang}} lang}} 164,795 51.02
Sujiatuo Town lang}} lang}} 78,235 84.51
Shangzhuang Town lang}} lang}} 71,554 38.45

History

According to historical accounts, the name Haidian reflects the region’s water-rich geography: the character ‘海’ (hǎi) evokes a broad, sea-like expanse, while ‘淀’ (diàn) refers to marshes or shallow ponds, both of which were once characteristic of the area.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Haidian was originally a village outside of Beijing's Inner City.<ref name="Tang2008">University of Texas Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection: A portion of "Originalkarte der Ebene von Peking und des Gebirkslandes im Westen und Norden der Capitale" from Mittheilungen aus Justus Perthes' Geographischer Anstalt uber Wichtige Neue Erforschungen auf dem Gesammtgebiete der Geographie von Dr. A. Petermann. Erganzungsband 10, 1876.</ref> It was first built in the Yuan dynasty and became one of the eight major business areas of the capital during the Qing dynasty and was the seat of such old shops as Lotus White, Quanjude and Hongbin House.<ref name="govt">Beijing Haidian District People's Government (7 December 2007), Special Shopping Areas in Haidian District Template:Webarchive. Accessed 19 October 2008. NB: this page only loads correctly in Internet Explorer.</ref> The famed Old Summer Palace and Summer Palace, two grand imperial gardens are also among its reputed features. It became a university district after the building of the Tsinghua University and Yenching University campus in the early twentieth century. It is mentioned in Lao She's novel Camel Xiangzi as an academic village for students. After the foundation of the People's Republic, it was deliberately developed as a university area, with many of the Yan'an institutions moving there. It officially became an administrative district in June 1954.<ref name="bjreview">Template:Cite journal</ref> Since the reform and opening up, it has become the heart of China's IT industry. In the words of Time magazine: Template:Cquote

During the later half of the 1990s, out of the Beijing districts, Haidian had the highest per capita GDP. During that period the GDP of Haidian (1) District grew by double digits each year.<ref name=WangZhouFanp117>Wang, Wenfei, Shangyi Zhou, and C. Cindy Fan. "Growth and Decline of Muslim Hui Enclaves in Beijing" (Archive). Eurasian Geography and Economics, 2002, 43, No. 2, pp. 104-122. Cited page: p. 117.</ref>

Transportation

The northwestern stretches of the 3rd Ring Road, 4th Ring Road, 5th Ring Road and 6th Ring Road all run through the area.

Metro and light rail

Haidian is currently served by 13 metro lines of the Beijing Subway and one light rail line:

Suburban Railway

Haidian is served by one commuter line operated by Beijing Suburban Railway (BCR).

Government and infrastructure

File:Government of Haidian District (20240108145645).jpg
The Haidian District government headquarters

The China National Space Administration has its headquarters in the district.<ref>Home page in Chinese. China National Space Administration. Retrieved on 26 February 2016. "地址:北京市海淀区阜成路甲8号 邮编:100048"</ref> The Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center which serves as the central command center for the Chinese space program is also located in the district.

File:Beijing Aerospace Command and Control Center Entrance.jpg
Entrance to the Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center

The Ministry of Science and Technology is located in Yangfangdian, neighboring the China Central Television building (completed in 1986) within the district. The China National Intellectual Property Administration has its headquarters in Haidian, near Jimen Bridge. The State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA) was formerly located in Zhongguancun.<ref>Home Template:Webarchive. State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs. Retrieved on 12 July 2017. "邮编:100873 地址:北京中关村南大街一号5号楼 "</ref>

The People's Liberation Army Military Music Hall is located in the district.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The Ministry of State Security has a number of major facilities in the district.

Economy

File:Baidu Technology Park at ZPark Phase II (20220502113650).jpg
Baidu global headquarters
File:ByteDance 1733 Commercial Space (20240731145554).jpg
ByteDance global headquarters, Dazhongsi Square (1733 Commercial Space)<ref name=dzs1 /><ref name=dzs2 />
File:Lenovo western headquarters (20170707113944).jpg
Lenovo global headquarters

In 2017, the regional GDP was 592.48 billion yuan,<ref>北京区域统计年鉴2018 Template:Webarchive"Regional Yearbook of Beijing, 2018"</ref> with a GDP per capita at 170.8 thousand yuan (25293 US dollars).

A central part of Haidian's economy, the Zhongguancun electronics district, hosts the Beijing offices of many software and computer-technology companies.

  • Baidu has its headquarters in the Baidu Campus.<ref>"IR Contacts Template:Webarchive." Baidu. Retrieved on 27 December 2010. "Address: Baidu Campus, No. 10, Shangdi 10th Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100085 People's Republic of China."</ref>
  • ByteDance (developer of Douyin / TikTok) has its global headquarters at Dazhongsi Square, Haidian District.<ref name=dzs1>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=dzs2>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

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  • Wumart has its headquarters in the Wumart Commercial Building (Template:Zh) in Haidian District.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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|CitationClass=web }} - Chinese address: "地址:中国· 北京 海淀区上地西路39号北大生物城(100085)"</ref>

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  • Nuctech.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }} - Address in Chinese: "北京市海淀区双清路同方大厦A座2层"</ref>

|CitationClass=web }} - Chinese address: "北京市海淀区海淀中街6号新东方大厦9层"</ref>

|CitationClass=web }} - Traditional Chinese address: " 北京市海澱區中關村南大街甲18號北京國際大廈B座1603室" - Simplified Chinese address: "北京市海淀区中关村南大街甲18号北京国际大厦B座1603室"</ref>

Education

Higher education

File:PekingUniversityPic6.jpg
Peking University
File:Beijing Olympic Building.JPG
The Beijing Olympic Building, which housed the headquarters of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education

Institutions of higher education in Haidian include:

Primary and secondary education

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The Beijing Municipal Education Commission (Template:Zh), the local education authority, has its headquarters in the Beijing Olympic Building.<ref>"联系我们" (Contact Us) (Archive). Beijing Municipal Commission of Education. Retrieved on 10 January 2014. "北京市教育委员会地址:海淀区北四环中路267号北京奥运大厦"</ref><ref>Home page (Archive). Beijing Municipal Commission of Education. Retrieved on 10 January 2014. "地址:海淀区北四环中路267号北京奥运大厦 邮政编码:100083"</ref>

Institutions of secondary education

Private schools include:

Communities

Important areas in Haidian District

File:Yuyuantan Park 2010.jpg
Aerial view of Yuyuantan Park from the Central Radio & TV Tower

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Sports

The Chinese Ice Hockey Association, which governs ice hockey and bandy in China, has its offices at 56, Zhongguacun South Street in Haidian District.<ref>FIB Members Template:Webarchive, read 20 February 2016</ref>

Haidian's Technology hubs

Climate

Haidian has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dwa). The average annual temperature in Haidian is Template:Cvt. The average annual rainfall is Template:Cvt with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around Template:Cvt, and lowest in January, at around Template:Cvt.

Template:Weather box

Sister cities

Since 1992, Haidian District has signed official papers and established Sister City relationship with 14 cities and districts from 10 countries of 4 continents. Some sister cities are shown below:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

South America

North America

Europe

East Asia

Notes

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References

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Template:Haidian District Template:Subdivisions of Haidian District, Beijing {{#invoke:Navbox|navbox}} Template:Authority control