Indian Police Service
Template:Short description Template:About Template:Redirect {{#invoke:other uses|otheruses}} Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates {{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}Template:Template other
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Empire.
Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is part of the All India Services<ref name="india-service">Template:Cite web</ref> – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and by individual states governments.
The service provides leadership to various state and central police forces, including the Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
History
Indian Imperial Police
In 1861, the Parliament of the United Kingdom introduced the Indian Councils Act, 1861.<ref name="Comparative Criminal Justice Systems">Template:Cite book</ref> The act created the foundation of a modern and professional police bureaucracy in India. It introduced a new cadre of police, called Superior Police Services, later known as the Indian Imperial Police.<ref name="Comparative Criminal Justice Systems"/> The highest rank in the service was the inspector general<ref name="Comparative Criminal Justice Systems"/> for each province. The rank of inspector general was equated to that of a brigadier,<ref name="Army Police WoP">Template:Cite web</ref> and similar ranks in the Indian Armed Forces, as per a central warrant of precedence issued in 1937.Template:Efn<ref name="Army Police WoP"/>
In 1902–1903, a police commission was established to recommend reforms under Sir Andrew Fraser and Lord Curzon.<ref name="Police British Study">Template:Cite book</ref> It recommended the appointment of Indians as officers in the police. Previously, Indians could rise only to the rank of an inspector, the senior N.C.O. position. However they were not part of the Indian Imperial Police.<ref name="Police British Study"/>
From 1920 onward, the Indian Imperial Police was open to Indians and the entrance examination for the service was conducted both in India and England.<ref name="Police British Study"/>
Prior to Independence, senior police officers belonging to the Imperial Police (IP) were appointed by the secretary of state on the basis of a competitive examination. The first open civil service examination for admittance to the service was held in England in June 1893 and the ten top candidates were appointed as probationers in the Indian Imperial Police. It is not possible to identify an exact date for when the Indian Police Service came formally into being.
Around 1907, the secretary of state's officers were directed to wear the letters "IP" on their epaulettes in order to distinguish them from other officers not recruited by the secretary through examination. Therefore, 1907 could be regarded as the starting point for the IPS.<ref name=history>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1948, a year after India gained independence; the Imperial Police was formally replaced by the Indian Police Service.
Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service was created under Article 312(2), XIV of the Constitution of India.<ref name="Services under the Union and the states">Template:Cite web</ref>
As per media reports, there is a massive shortage of IPS officers in India, amounting to nearly 19% to 22% of the sanctioned strength.<ref name="IPS Shortfall"/><ref name="IPS Strength">Template:Cite news</ref>
Medals and decorations
Despite having a very small cadre strength, many IPS officers have been awarded the highest gallantry awards (Ashok Chakra, Kirti Chakra). The current national security advisor of India, Ajit Doval, was an IPS officer who earned the Kirti Chakra for his gallant actions during operation Black Thunder. Though generally deployed in supervisory roles at senior levels, it is not uncommon for IPS officers to be in the field taking active part in maintaining law and order. IPS officers have been posted to various UN Missions and several have been awarded the United Nations Medal. Many exceptional IPS officers have been awarded with Padma awards from time to time.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Objective
_of_the_Indian_Police_Service_from_Sardar_Vallabhbhai_Patel_National_Police_Academy,_at_Rashtrapati_Bhavan,_in_New_Delhi_on_October_12,_2018_(1).JPG){kind=link}
The First Police Commission, appointed on 17 August 1865, contained detailed guidelines for the desired system of police in India and defined the police as a governmental department to enforce the law, maintain order and to detect and prevent crime across the region. The Indian Police Service is not a force but a service providing leaders and commanders to staff the state police and all-India Central Armed Police Forces. Its members are the senior officers of the police. With time Indian Police Service's objectives were updated and redefined, the current roles and functions of an Indian Police Service officer are as follows:<ref name="IPS Duties & Responsibilities">Template:Cite web</ref>
- To fulfil duties based on border responsibilities, in the areas of maintenance of public peace and order, crime prevention, investigation, and detection, collection of intelligence, VIP security, counterterrorism, border policing, railway policing, tackling smuggling, drug trafficking, economic offenses, corruption in public life, emergency management, enforcement of socioeconomics legislation, biodiversity and protection of environmental laws, etc.
- Leading and commanding the Indian Intelligence Agencies like Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), Criminal Investigation Department (CID) etc., Indian Federal Law Enforcement Agencies, Civil and Armed Police Forces in all the states and union territories.
- Led and commanded various Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) which include the Central Police Organisations (CPO) such as Border Security Force (BSF), Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), National Security Guard (NSG), Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), Vigilance Organisations and Indian Federal Law Enforcement Agencies.
- To lead and command the force with courage, uprightness, dedication and a strong sense of service to the people.
- Endeavor to teach in the police forces under their command such values and norms as would help them serve the people better.
- Inculcate integrity of the highest order, sensitivity to people's aspirations in a fast-changing social and economic milieu, respect for human rights, the broad liberal perspective of law and justice, and a high standard of professionalism.
Selection
IPS officers are recruited from Civil Services Examination conducted by UPSC. They are also promoted from State Police Services and DANIPS. However, at present, recruitment from Limited Competitive Examination has been put on hold.<ref name="IPS Shortfall">Template:Cite web</ref>
Training
The training of IPS officer recruits is conducted at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy in Hyderabad. The authorized cadre strength of the Indian Police Service is 4920. (3270 Direct Recruitment Posts and 1650 Promotional Posts).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Civil List of IPS officers is an updated (annual) list maintained by the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India that lists the posting details of all IPS officers in India. This Civil List can be accessed from the MHA website. It allows searching for an IPS officer based on their name, batch, or cadre.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
After completion of almost 2 years of training, IPS probationers are awarded a master's degree in criminal justice management from NALSAR University of Law.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
State cadres
Cadre allocation policy
The Union Government announced a new cadre allocation policy for the All India Services in August 2017, touting it as a policy to ensure national integration of the bureaucracy as officers and ensure the All-India character of the services. Under the new policy, the existing 26 cadres have been divided into five zones in the new policy by the Department of Personnel and Training of Government of India.<ref name="AIS New Cadre Policy">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="New Cadre Policy">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":8">Template:Cite web</ref>
Under the new policy, a candidate has to first give their choice in the descending order of preference from amongst the various Zones.<ref name=":8" /> Subsequently, the candidate has to indicate one preference of cadre from each preferred zone.<ref name=":8" /> The candidate indicates their second cadre preference for every preferred zone subsequently. The process continues till a preference for all the cadres is indicated by the candidate.<ref name=":8" /> The preference for the zones/cadres remains in the same order and no change is permitted.<ref name=":8" />
Officers continue to work in the cadre they are allotted or are deputed to the Government of India.<ref name="ifs.nic.in">Template:Cite web</ref>
| Zone | Cadres |
|---|---|
| Zone-I | AGMUT (Arunachal Pradesh-Goa-Mizoram and Union Territories including erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir), Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana. |
| Zone-II | Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and Odisha. |
| Zone-III | Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. |
| Zone-IV | West Bengal, Sikkim, Assam-Meghalaya, Manipur, Tripura and Nagaland. |
| Zone-V | Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana. |
Old cadre allocation policies
Till 2008 there was no system of preference of state cadre by the candidates; the candidates, if not placed in the insider vacancy of their home states, were allotted to different states in alphabetical order of the roster, beginning with the letters A, H, M, T for that particular year. For example, if in a particular year, the roster begins from 'A', which means the first candidate on the roster will go to the Andhra Pradesh state cadre of IPS, the next one to Bihar, and subsequently to Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, and so on in alphabetical order.<ref name=":12">Template:Cite web</ref> The next year the roster starts from 'H', for either Haryana or Himachal Pradesh (if it has started from Haryana on the previous occasion when it all started from 'H', then this time it would start from Himachal Pradesh). This highly intricate system, in vogue since the mid-1980s, had ensured that officers from different states were placed all over India.
The system of permanent state cadres has also resulted in wide disparities in the kind of professional exposure for officers when we compare officers in small and big and also developed and backward states.<ref name=":12" /> Changes of state cadre are permitted on grounds of marriage to an All India Service officer of another state cadre or under other exceptional circumstances. The officer may go to their home state cadre on deputation for a limited period, after which one has to invariably return to the cadre allotted to him or her.<ref name="book">Template:Cite book</ref>
From 2008 to 2017 IPS officers were allotted to state cadres at the beginning of their service. There was one cadre for each Indian state, except for two joint cadres: Assam–Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh–Goa–Mizoram–Union Territories (AGMUT).<ref name="book" /> The "insider-outsider ratio" (ratio of officers who were posted in their home states) is maintained as 1:2, with one-third of the direct recruits as 'insiders' from the same state.<ref name=":02">Template:Cite web</ref> The rest were posted as outsiders according to the 'roster' in states other than their home states,<ref name=":02" /> as per their preference.
Ranks and career progression
Ranks and insignia
Though the standard uniform colour is khaki,<ref name="Uniform_Col">Template:Cite news</ref> the ranks, posts and designations of IPS officers vary from state to state as law and order is a federalism in India. But generally the following pattern is observed.
IPS officers Ranks
IPS officers are appointed on the basis of either Civil Service Examination or promoted from the state police service cadre (state civil service officers). Vacancy in an IPS cadre are determined on the basis of vacancy on an superintendent of police rank. Consequently, there are two level of gradations for SP rank. These are level 11 and 12 as per the Seventh Pay Commission. Resultantly, IPS officers remain on the rank on SP till the 13th year after which they are eligible for being promoted as Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP). ASP rank is the junior most rank on an IPS state cadre. Consequently, fresh recruits to IPS are variously posted as Assistant Superintendent of Police in a supernumerary capacity (only for training purpose for two years and after that for 1 year) till they are formally placed as Superintendent of Police In-Charge of an area (when they get the pay of level 11 and level 12) and as district in charge (when they get the pay of level 12) (only in non-metropolitan districts). When the officers get promoted to the rank of SSP, some of them are posted as the district in-charge of metropolitan districts.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Director Intelligence Bureau's Insignia Equivalent to Armed Forces Generals">Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Indian Police Service officer ranks
Pay structure of Indian Police Service
| Insignia | Grade/level on pay matrix<ref name=":0"/><ref name="7 Pay Commission Report2">Template:Cite web</ref> | Position in the state government(s)<ref name=":1"/> | Other positions or designation in the union territory government(s) or the Government of India (GOI)<ref name=":1"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | Position in Indian order of precedence | Basic pay (monthly)<ref name=":0" /><ref name="7 Pay Commission Report2"/> | Military Equivalent <ref>Military Equivalents are generally ranked higher in Indian order of precedence than the IPS officers.</ref> |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rowspan=2 Template:NA | Secretary (R), Secretary (Security) in the Cabinet Secretariat. | 23 | Template:INRConvert | |||
| File:IPS 4 star.png | Apex scale (pay level 17) | 25 {{safesubst:#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=|preview=Page using Template:Center with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | style }}
|
||||
| File:IPS DG+ADG.png | Apex scale (pay level 17) | Director General of Police (Head of Police Force) |
|
|||
| File:IPS DG+ADG.png | HAG+ Scale (pay level 16) |
|
Template:INRConvert—Template:INRConvert | Template:Bulleted list | ||
| File:IPS DG+ADG.png | HAG scale<ref>Promotion to various grades – Amendment in the IPS promotion guidelines. Indian Police Service. 19 July 2010</ref> (pay level 15) |
|
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|
Template:INRConvert—Template:INRConvert | ||
| File:IPS IG.png | Senior administrative grade (pay level 14) | Inspector General of Police |
|
Template:INRConvert—Template:INRConvert | Template:Bulleted list | |
| File:IPS DIG.png | Super time scale (DIG/Conservator grade) (pay level 13A) | Deputy Inspector General of Police |
|
Template:INRConvert—Template:INRConvert | Template:Bulleted list | |
| File:IPS SP (SG).png | Selection grade (pay level 13) | Superintendent of Police (selection grade) | Deputy commissioner of police in Delhi and other police commissionerates. | Template:INRConvert—Template:INRConvert | Template:Bulleted list | |
| File:IPS SP.png | Junior administrative grade (pay level 12) |
|
Deputy commissioner of police in Delhi and other police commissionerates. | Template:INRConvert—Template:INRConvert | Template:Bulleted list | |
| File:IPS Additional SP.png | Senior time scale (pay level 11) | Additional Superintendent of Police | Deputy commissioner of police in police commissionerates in Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu
Additional deputy commissioner of police in police commissionerates in Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal |
Template:INRConvert—Template:INRConvert | Template:Bulleted list | |
| File:IPS three star.png | Junior time scale (pay level 10) | Assistant Superintendent of Police | Assistant commissioner of police in Delhi and other police commissionerates. | Template:INRConvert—Template:INRConvert | Template:Bulleted list |
.png){kind=link}
Reforms and major concerns
<section begin="Reform committees"/> India's police continue to be governed by a colonial police law passed in 1861.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Indian Constitution makes policing a state subject and therefore the state governments have the responsibility to provide their communities with a police service. However, after independence, most have adopted the 1861 Act without change, while others have passed laws heavily based on the 1861 Act.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Repeated major incidents, like the 2012 Delhi gang rape and murder, 2020 Hathras gang rape and murder, as well as terrorist attacks such as the 2008 Mumbai attacks revealed the failure of the police to uphold the rule of law.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The need for police reform in India has long been recognised. There have been almost 30 years of debate and discussion by government-created committees and commissions on the way forward for police reform, but India remains saddled with an outdated and old-fashioned law,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> while report after report gathers dust on government bookshelves without implementation. Many committees on police reform have recommended major reforms in the police system coupled with systematic accountability.<ref name=VermaCommittee_22Jan2013>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=VermaCommitteeHighlights_23Jan2013>Template:Cite news</ref>
National Police Commission (1977–81)
The National Police Commission was the first committee set up by the Government of India to report on policing. The National Police Commission began sitting in 1979, in the context of a post-Emergency India, and produced eight reports, including a Model Police Act, between 1979 and 1981.<ref name="PRAKASH SINGH Case at LIIofIndia.org">Template:Cite web</ref>
Ribeiro Committee (1998–99)
Template:See also In 1996, two former senior police officers filed a Public interest litigation (PIL) in the Supreme Court, asking for the Court to direct governments to implement the recommendations of the National Police Commission. The Supreme Court directed the government to set up a committee to review the commission's recommendations, and thus the Ribeiro Committee was formed. The committee, under the leadership of Julio Ribeiro, a former chief of police, sat over 1998 and 1999, and produced two reports.<ref name="PRAKASH SINGH Case at LIIofIndia.org"/><ref name="Ribeiro Committee">Template:Cite web</ref>
Padmanabhaiah Committee (2000)
In 2000, the government set up a third committee on police reform, this time under the stewardship of a former union home secretary, K. Padmanabhaiah. This Committee released its report in the same year.<ref name="PRAKASH SINGH Case at LIIofIndia.org"/><ref name="Padmanabhaiah Committee">Template:Cite web</ref>
Malimath Committee Report (2003)
The Malimath Committee Report submitted in March 2003 has very articulately laid down the foundation of a restructured and reoriented police system. The committee in its report observed that the success of the whole process of Criminal Justice Administration depended completely on the proper functioning of the police organisation especially in the investigation stage. Apart from the investigation of offences, the police also have the duty of maintaining law and order.
Soli Sorabjee Committee (2005)
In 2005, the government put together a group to draft a new police act for India. It was headed by Soli Sorabjee (former attorney general). The committee submitted a Model Police Act to the union government in late 2006.<ref name="PRAKASH SINGH Case at LIIofIndia.org"/>
Supreme Court intervention (2006)
In 1996, Prakash Singh (a former chief of Assam Police and Uttar Pradesh Police and subsequently Director General of the Border Security Force) initiated a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the Supreme Court of India, asking the court to investigate measures to reform the police forces across India to ensure the proper rule of law and improve security across India. The Supreme Court studied various reports on police reforms. Finally, in 2006, a bench of Justice Yogesh Kumar Sabharwal, Justice C. K. Thakker and Justice P.K. Balasubramanyan<ref name="Prakash Singh Case">Template:Cite web</ref> ordered the state governments to implement several reforms in police force.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Several measures were identified as necessary to professionalise the police in India:
- A mid or high ranking police officer must not be transferred more frequently than every two years.
- The state government cannot ask the police force to hire someone, nor can they choose the Director General of the State Police.
- There must be separate departments and staff for investigation and patrolling,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> which will include the creation of:
- A State Security Commission, for policies and direction
- A Police Establishment Board, which will decide the selection, promotions and transfers of police officers and other staff
- A Police Complaints Authority, to inquire into allegations of police misconduct.
Follow-up from Supreme Court
In 2006, due to a lack of action by all the state governments,<ref name="COMPLIANCE WITH SUPREME COURT DIRECTIVES">Template:Cite web</ref> the Supreme Court ordered the state governments to report to it why the reform measures outlined were not implemented.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> After being questioned in front of the judges of the Supreme Court, the state governments finally started to reform the police forces and give them the operational independence they need for fearless and proper law enforcement. Tamil Nadu Police has been in the forefront of application of the new referendum.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Again, in October 2012, a Supreme Court bench of Chief Justice Altamas Kabir and justices S. S. Nijjar and Jasti Chelameswar asked all state governments and Union territories to inform about compliance of its September 2006 judgement. The order was passed when Prakash Singh through his lawyer Prashant Bhushan said that many of the reforms (ordered by the Supreme Court) have yet not been implemented by many state governments.<ref name="SC asks states to file affidavit on police reforms">Template:Cite news</ref>
Concerns
Corruption
Some IPS officers have been accused of public corruption, money laundering, drug trafficking, and unjust use of power.<ref name="IPS 7 years">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="IPS 13 years">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="IPS vigilance">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="IPS fraud run">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="hotels">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="largescale">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="drugs">Template:Cite news</ref> There have been various instances of abuse of the public by officers.<ref name=":2">Template:Cite journal</ref> High-ranking officers often enjoy many luxuries for no cost.<ref name=":3">Template:Cite journal</ref> There is also opportunity to receive extra payment for doing specific tasks on the job.<ref name=":3" />
Mental health and suicide
IPS officers have complained of high levels of stress due to long work hours and unrealistic demands of political bosses. Retired Director General of Police in Uttar Pradesh Vikram Singh believes job discontent is a combination of "no holidays, lack of sleep, the sinking feeling of failure, public treatment of policemen with contempt, the indifference of political bosses and almost no connect with superiors". Professional stress ruins personal lives and leads to marital discord. The inability to balance professional and personal lives has led some IPS officers to commit suicide.<ref name="nh">Template:Cite news</ref>
Low training standards and personnel shortage
As of March 2023, India has a police-to-population of 153 personnel per 100,000 citizens, which is less than the sanctioned strength of 196 personnel, as well as way below the United Nations minimum requirement of 222 personnel per 100,000 citizens.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The training has also fallen short of world standards, with the shortage of personnel causing investigations to suffer.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> These issues were previously noted in the aftermath of the 2008 terrorist attacks in Jaipur, Bangalore, and Ahmedabad.
Overworking and underpaid
The Indian Police Service has often faced the issues of being overworked, as well as underpaid. The 7th Pay Commission mandated a pay of Rs. 21,700 per month for constables, with the Director-General of Police having a pay of Rs. 225,000 per month. The pay for constables and inspector-ranked officers varies from state to state.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Due to a lack of shift system, many officers, especially the constable ranks were forced to work for more than 24 hours at a stretch, with no overtime pay. This affects the quality of the investigation as well as the morale of the officials on duty.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Furthermore, the constabulary also does not get decent housing or any allowances for reasonable accommodation.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In May 2022, the Mumbai Police implemented an 8-hour shift system for the constable rank officers and assistant sub-inspectors, and 16 hours of rest.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Following a lawsuit by a constable of the Delhi Police for demanding fixed working hours, proper housing, and reasonable pay in 2015, the Delhi High Court ordered senior officers of implementing better working conditions for constables in May 2023.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Violence against women and sexual misconduct
Some IPS officers have been implicated in cases of domestic violence, assaulting women, and sexual misconduct.<ref name="sharmamurder">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="daiji">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="news1">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="kalson">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="rivals">Template:Cite news</ref>
Women in the Indian Police Service
In 1972, Kiran Bedi became the first woman Indian Police Service officer and was the only woman in a batch of 80 IPS officers, she joined the AGMUT Cadre.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She was followed by Jija Madhavan Harisingh in 1975, who became the first woman Indian Police Service officer from South-India (Karnataka cadre) and she remained in service for 36 years before retirement in 2011 as Director General of Police (DGP), and Kanchan Chaudhary Bhattacharya, the second woman IPS officer belonging to the 1973 Batch, becoming the first woman director general of police of a state in India when she was appointed DGP of Uttarakhand Police.
In 1992, Asha Sinha, a 1982 Batch IPS officer, became the first woman commandant in the paramilitary forces of India when she was posted as commandant, Central Industrial Security Force in Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders and she remained in service for 34 years before retirement in 2016 as the director general of police (DGP). In 2018, an IPS officer Archana Ramasundaram of 1980 Batch became the first woman to become the director general of police of a Central Armed Police Force as DG, Sashastra Seema Bal.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 2021, Kalpana Saxena replaced Yogesh Singh as the commandant of 47 battalion of PAC, Ghaziabad.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 2023, Nina Singh became the director general of the Central Industrial Security Force.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Notable people
- Ajit Doval
- R. N. Kao
- Rajinder Khanna
- Prakash Singh
- Kiran Bedi
- Samant Goel
- Kanwar Pal Singh Gill
- Julio Ribeiro
- Bhupendra Yadav
- Rakesh Maria
- H. T. Sangliana
- K. Vijay Kumar
- Masud Choudhary
- Amitabh Thakur
- Abhayanand
- Vibhuti Narain Rai
- Namo Narain Meena
- Kishore Kunal
- Jagmohan Yadav
- C. Sylendra Babu
- Sulkhan Singh
- Manoj Yadava
- Vipul Aggarwal
- Sukhmohinder Singh Sandhu
- V. Joseph Thomas
- Rahul Sharma
- Lalit Vijay Singh
- Yogesh Pratap Singh
- T. P. Senkumar
- Rishiraj Singh
- P. Vijayan
- Dr Alexander Jacob
- Jacob Punnoose
- Hormis Tharakan
- Lalduhoma
- Abdul Sathar Kunju
- D. Roopa
- Amit Lodha
- Navniet Sekera
- Laxmi Singh
- R. Sreelekha
- Gaurav Yadav
- Nina Singh
- Anish Dayal Singh
- Shankar Bidari
- Manoj Kumar Sharma
See also
- Commissioner of Police
- National Police Memorial India
- State Police Services India
- Law enforcement in India
- List of cases of police brutality in India
- Civil Services of India
- All India Services
- Special Duty Allowance
- Union Public Service Commission
Notes
Template:Notelist Template:Reflist
References
Further reading
- History of services of Indian police service, as on 1 July 1966, by Ministry of Home Affairs, India. Published by Govt. of India, 1969.
- The peace keepers: Indian Police Service (IPS), by S. R. Arun, IPS, DGP Uttar Pradesh. Published by Berghahn Books, 2000. Template:ISBN.
- The Indian Police Journal (IPJ), by Bureau of Police Research and Development, Ministry of Home Affairs. Published by Govt. of India, October–December 2009 Vol.LVI-No.4. Template:ISSN.
- History of services of Indian police service, as on 1 July 1966, by Ministry of Home Affairs, India. Published by Govt. of India, 1969.
External links
Template:Home Ministry (India) Template:Public Services of India Template:Civil service Template:Life in India Template:Law enforcement in India Template:Law enforcement agencies of India Template:Indian intelligence agencies Template:Asia topic Template:Indian civil servants