Jean Borotra

Jean Laurent Robert Borotra (Template:IPA, Template:IPA; 13 August 1898 – 17 July 1994) was a French tennis champion. He was one of the "Four Musketeers" from his country who dominated tennis in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Borotra was imprisoned in Itter Castle during the latter years of World War II and subsequently fought in the Battle for Castle Itter.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Career

Borotra was born in Domaine du Pouy, Biarritz, Aquitaine, the oldest of four children.<ref name="deadspin">Template:Cite web</ref>

Known as "the Bounding Basque", he won four Grand Slam singles titles in the French, Australian, and All England championships. The 1924 French Championship does not count towards his grand slam total as the French was only open to French nationals and members of French clubs. He only failed to win the U.S. Championships, as he was defeated in the final by his countryman René Lacoste in straight sets, thus missing a career Grand Slam. His 1924 Wimbledon victory made him the first player from outside the English-speaking world to win the tournament. His first appearance was in the French Davis Cup team of 1921. He also made the final of the World Covered Court Championships in 1922, losing to Henri Cochet, but won the doubles and mixed doubles. The other major he did well in was the World Hard Court Championships (played on clay) – he won the doubles with Henri Cochet there in 1922.

Borotra was ranked as high as world No. 1 by Bill Tilden in 1930, although Tilden didn't include himself in the ranking.<ref name="tennis&golf2">Template:Cite magazine</ref> He was ranked No. 2 by A. Wallis Myers of The Daily Telegraph in 1926.<ref name="USLTAEncyclopedia">United States Lawn Tennis Association (1972). Official Encyclopedia of Tennis (First Edition), p. 424.</ref> Borotra won his last major in 1936 when he teamed up with Marcel Bernard for the French Championship doubles at Roland Garros.

In 1974, Borotra was one of the last three people to be awarded the IOC's Olympic Diploma of Merit.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> And in 1976, he along with the three other Musketeers were inducted simultaneously into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island. In 1984, Borotra received a Distinguished Service award from the United States Sports Academy in recognition of his achievements. As the oldest living gentleman's singles champion, Borotra was invited to present the singles champion his trophy at the 100th Wimbledon Championship in 1986.Template:Citation needed

On 17 July 1994, Borotra, founder and president of honour of the CIFP (International Committee for Fair Play) died at the age of 95, after a short illness. He was buried at Arbonne.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The International Fair Play Committee, which recognises achievements annually, awards a Jean Borotra World Fair Play Trophy. In 1998, the International Club (IC) introduced the Jean Borotra Sportsmanship Award, to recognise tennis players deemed to have shown outstanding sportsmanship throughout their career.

Jean Borotra Sportsmanship Award

The Jean Borotra Sportsmanship Award is an International Club (IC) award. It was introduced in 1998 to recognise tennis players deemed to have shown outstanding sportsmanship throughout their career.<ref name="List of Recipients">Template:Cite news</ref>

The selection process involves a panel of international tennis journalists selecting a group of players who meet the IC's core value, namely to "develop, encourage and maintain the highest standards of sportsmanship and understanding among players of all nations and among young players in particular." The shortlist is then endorsed (or added to) by the 38 International Clubs around the world, from which a winner is picked.<ref name="Award Criteria">Template:Cite news</ref>

The recipient typically receives their award in a private ceremony in London at the All England Club during the Wimbledon Championships.<ref name="Award Location">Template:Cite news</ref>

Personal life

In 1938 Borotra married Mabel de Forest and they had one son.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The couple divorced in 1947. In 1988 he married Janine Bourdin.<ref name="independent">Template:Cite web</ref>

A member of François de la Rocque's Parti social français (PSF), he became 1st General Commissioner for Education and Sports from August 1940 to April 1942 during Vichy France, leading the Révolution nationaleTemplate:'s efforts in sports policy.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Arrested by the Gestapo in November 1942, Borotra was deported to a concentration camp in Germany and then Itter Castle in North Tyrol until May 1945. He was freed from the castle after the Battle of Castle Itter, in which he played a courageous role by vaulting from the fortress and running to a nearby town to summon reinforcements.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Grand Slam finals

File:Jean Borotra 1924.jpg

Borotra at the 1924 French Championships.

Singles: 10 (4 titles, 6 runner-ups)

Result	Year	Championship	Surface	Opponent	Score
Win	1924	Wimbledon	Grass	Template:Flagicon René Lacoste	6–1, 3–6, 6–1, 3–6, 6–4
Loss	1925	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon René Lacoste	5–7, 1–6, 4–6
Loss	1925	Wimbledon	Grass	Template:Flagicon René Lacoste	3–6, 3–6, 6–4, 6–8
Win	1926	Wimbledon	Grass	Template:Flagicon Howard Kinsey	8–6, 6–1, 6–3
Loss	1926	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Template:Flagicon René Lacoste	4–6, 0–6, 4–6
Loss	1927	Wimbledon	Grass	Template:Flagicon Henri Cochet	6–4, 6–4, 3–6, 4–6, 5–7
Win	1928	Australian Championships	Grass	Template:Flagicon Jack Cummings	6–4, 6–1, 4–6, 5–7, 6–3
Loss	1929	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon René Lacoste	3–6, 6–2, 0–6, 6–2, 6–8
Loss	1929	Wimbledon	Grass	Template:Flagicon Henri Cochet	4–6, 3–6, 4–6
Win	1931	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon Christian Boussus	2–6, 6–4, 7–5, 6–4

Doubles: 12 (9 titles – 3 runner-ups)

Result	Year	Championship	Surface	Partner	Opponents	Score
Win	1925	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon René Lacoste	Template:Flagicon Henri Cochet Template:Flagicon Jacques Brugnon	7–5, 4–6, 6–3, 2–6, 6–3
Win	1925	Wimbledon	Grass	Template:Flagicon René Lacoste	Template:Flagicon John Hennesey Template:Flagicon Raymond Casey	6–4, 11–9, 4–6, 1–6, 6–3
Win	1928	Australian Championships	Grass	Template:Flagicon Jacques Brugnon	Template:Flagicon Gar Moon Template:Flagicon Jim Willard	6–2, 4–6, 6–4, 6–4
Loss	1927	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon René Lacoste	Template:Flagicon Henri Cochet Template:Flagicon Jacques Brugnon	6–2, 2–6, 0–6, 6–1, 4–6
Win	1928	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon Jacques Brugnon	Template:Flagicon Henri Cochet Template:Flagicon René de Buzelet	6–4, 3–6, 6–2, 3–6, 6–4
Win	1929	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon René Lacoste	Template:Flagicon Henri Cochet Template:Flagicon Jacques Brugnon	6–3, 3–6, 6–3, 3–6, 8–6
Win	1932	Wimbledon	Grass	Template:Flagicon Jacques Brugnon	Template:Flagicon Pat Hughes Template:Flagicon Fred Perry	6–0, 4–6, 3–6, 7–5, 7–5
Win	1933	Wimbledon	Grass	Template:Flagicon Jacques Brugnon	Template:Flagicon Ryosuki Nunoi Template:Flagicon Jiro Satoh	4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 7–5
Win	1934	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon Jacques Brugnon	Template:Flagicon Jack Crawford Template:Flagicon Vivian McGrath	11–9, 6–3, 2–6, 4–6, 9–7
Loss	1934	Wimbledon	Grass	Template:Flagicon Jacques Brugnon	Template:Flagicon George Lott Template:Flagicon Lester Stoefen	2–6, 3–6, 4–6
Win	1936	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon Marcel Bernard	Template:Flagicon Pat Hughes Template:Flagicon Charles Tuckey	6–2, 3–6, 9–7, 6–1
Loss	1939	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon Jacques Brugnon	Template:Flagicon Don McNeill Template:Flagicon Charles Harris	6–4, 4–6, 0–6, 6–2, 8–10

Mixed doubles: 6 (5 titles, 1 runner-up)

Result	Year	Championship	Surface	Partner	Opponents	Score
Win	1925	Wimbledon	Grass	Template:Flagicon Suzanne Lenglen	Template:Flagicon Elizabeth Ryan Template:Flagicon Uberto de Morpurgo	6–3, 6–3
Win	1926	U.S. National Championships	Grass	Template:Flagicon Elizabeth Ryan	Template:Flagicon Hazel Hotchkiss Template:Flagicon René Lacoste	6–4, 7–5
Loss	1926	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon Nanette le Besnerais	Template:Flagicon Jacques Brugnon Template:Flagicon Suzanne Lenglen	4–6, 3–6
Win	1927	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon Marguerite Broquedis	Template:Flagicon Lilí Álvarez Template:Flagicon Bill Tilden	6–4, 2–6, 6–2
Win	1928	Australian Championships	Grass	Template:Flagicon Daphne Akhurst	Template:Flagicon Esna Boyd Template:Flagicon Jack Hawkes	default
Win	1934	French Championships	Clay	Template:Flagicon Colette Rosambert	Template:Flagicon Elizabeth Ryan Template:Flagicon Adrian Quist	6–2, 6–4

Performance timeline

(OF) only for French club members

	1922	1923	1924	1925	1926	1927	1928	1929	1930	1931	1932	1933	1934	1935	1936	SR	Template:Tooltip	Win %
Grand Slam tournaments																Template:Nowrap	Template:Nowrap	Template:Nowrap
Australian	A	A	A	A	A	A	W	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	1 / 1	6–0	100
French	OF			F	SF	4R	SF	F	SF	W	A	A	A	A	A	1 / 7	29–6	82.9
Wimbledon	3R	4R	W	F	W	F	QF	F	SF	SF	4R	A	A	2R	A	2 / 12	55–10	84.6
U.S.	A	A	3R	1R	F	QF	3R	A	1R	A	A	A	A	A	A	0 / 6	13–6	68.4
Win–loss	2–1	3–1	9–1	13–3	16–2	11–3	14–3	11–2	9–3	11–1	3–1			1–1
National representation
Olympics	NH		SF	Not held												0 / 1	5–2	71.4

External links

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