Joseph Paul Gaimard
Template:Short description Template:Infobox scientist Joseph Paul Gaimard (Template:IPA; 31 January 1793 – 10 December 1858)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Archives départementales du Var. Registres de l'état civil.</ref> was a French naval surgeon, naturalist, and explorer. He served as a scientific officer on French voyages to the Pacific Ocean and the Arctic region.
Biography
Gaimard was born at Saint-Zacharie on January 31, 1793. He studied medicine at the naval medical school in Toulon, subsequently earning his qualifications as a naval surgeon. Along with Jean René Constant Quoy, he served as naturalist on the ships L'Uranie under Louis de Freycinet 1817–1820, and L'Astrolabe under Jules Dumont d'Urville 1826–1829.<ref name=AF>Google Books Discovery of Australia's Fishes: A History of Australian Ichthyology to 1930 by Brian Saunders</ref> During this voyage they discovered the now extinct giant skink of Tonga, Tachygia microlepis.<ref>Tongan Giant Skink A gap in nature: discovering the world's extinct animals by Tim Fridtjof Flannery</ref>
From his studies of cholera in Europe, he co-authored<ref>co-authored with Nicolas Vincent Auguste Gerardin (1790-1868)</ref> Du choléra-morbus en Russie, en Prusse et en Autriche, pendant les années 1831-1832 (Cholera morbus in Russia, Prussia and Austria in the years 1831 and 1832).<ref name=AF/><ref name=WC>World Cat Identities (publications)</ref>
He was the scientific leader on La Recherche (1835–1836) during its expedition to the Arctic Sea,<ref>Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography Gaimard, Joseph Paul</ref><ref>Note: François Thomas Tréhouart was commanding officer of La Recherche.</ref> making voyages to coastal Iceland and Greenland — from 27 April to 13 September 1835 and from 21 May to 26 September 1836. Along with exploratory and scientific goals, the crew of the expedition was asked to search for French explorer Jules de Blosseville, who had disappeared aboard the Lilloise in Arctic waters a few years earlier.<ref>Expedition: Sea around us Tréhouart: in search of Baron de Blosseville</ref><ref>Data Fisheries Template:Webarchive Joseph Paul Gaimard - Expeditions and Surveys</ref> Out of these trips came the 9-volume Voyage en Islande et au Groënland <ref>Google Books Voyage en Islande et au Groënland exécuté pendant les années 1835 et 1836 sur la corvette La Rocherche</ref> (8 text volumes, one of geographical illustrations), which was said at the time to be the definitive study of the islands.
From 1838 to 1840, again aboard La Recherche, Gaimard was the leader of a scientific expedition to Lapland, Spitzbergen, and the Faroe Islands.<ref>Ships on stamps Template:Webarchive La Recherce’s Scientific Expedition] 1838 – 40; Vol. 55, No. 3 November–December 2008</ref>
Eponyms
Numerous species have been named in his honor;<ref>Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names. G</ref> including the following:
- Bettongia gaimardi Template:Small – eastern bettong<ref>Bettongs, Potoroos and the Musky Rat-kangaroo by Andrew W. Claridge, John H. Seebeck, Randy Rose</ref>
- Byblis gaimardi Template:Small
- Eualus gaimardii Template:Small
- Lophurella gaimardii Template:Small – a marine alga<ref>Lophurella gaimardii Algaebase</ref>
- Poikilocarbo gaimardi, Template:Small – red-legged cormorant<ref>Letter G Template:Webarchive The Bird Stamp Society</ref>
- Stenophis gaimardi Template:Small – a colubrid snake<ref>Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. Template:ISBN. ("Gaimard", p. 96).</ref>
Writings
His scientific publications include a major work on the results of each of these four great expeditions.
- Voyage autour du monde … pendant les années 1817, 1818, 1819 et 1820 (with Louis Claude Desaulses de Freycinet, Jean René Constant Quoy, et al.), 1824.
- Voyage de la corvette l'Astrolabe exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826-1827-1828-1829 sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville, (with Jules-Sébastien-César Dumont d'Urville, J Tastu, Jean René Constant Quoy), 1829–1835.
- Voyage en Islande et au Groënland exécuté pendant les années 1835 et 1836 sur la corvette La Recherche, (with Eugène Robert; France. Commission scientifique du Nord), 1851.
- Voyages en Scandinavie, en Laponie, au Spitzberg et aux Feröe, pendant les années 1838, 1839, 1840 sur la corvette la Recherche, 1842<ref name=WC/><ref>Open Library Voyage autour du monde</ref><ref>Gallica Voyages en Scandinavie, en Laponie, au Spitzberg et aux Feröe</ref>
See also
- Category:Taxa named by Joseph Paul Gaimard
- European and American voyages of scientific exploration
- La Recherche Expedition (1838–1840)