Lidiya Skoblikova

File:Lidija Skoblikova.jpg

Skoblikova at the Winter Olympic Games 2014 in the Olympic Park of Sochi.

Lidiya Pavlovna Skoblikova (Template:Langx; born 8 March 1939<ref name="Khavin">Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Lidia Skoblikova at DatabaseOlympics.com Template:Webarchive</ref>) is a retired Russian speed skater and coach. She represented the USSR Olympic team during the Winter Olympic Games in 1960, 1964 and 1968, and won a total of six gold medals, a record she shares with Dutch speed skater Ireen Wüst. She also won 25 gold medals at the world championships and 15 gold medals at the USSR National Championships in several distances. She was also the first athlete to earn six gold medals in the Winter Olympics and the first to earn four gold medals at a single Olympic Winter Games. She was the most successful athlete at the 1960 and 1964 Winter Olympics, sharing the honour for 1960 Games with her compatriot Yevgeny Grishin.

Career

Skoblikova was born in Zlatoust, Soviet Union, some 160 km west of Chelyabinsk, Ural. She trained at Burevestnik and later at Lokomotiv sports societies. At age 19 in 1959, Skoblikova qualified for the Soviet team and placed third in the national championships. She repeated that performance at the world championships, winning two distance medals as well. The next season, she seemed headed for the world title after winning the 500 m and placing 2nd in the 1500 m, but she fell in the 1000 m. By winning the 3000 m, she managed to land on the podium anyway, placing third again. A favourite for the Olympics now, she entered three events. In the first race, the 1500 m, she broke the world record, and won the gold medal. After just missing a second medal in the 1000 m (fourth), Skoblikova approached the world record in the 3000 m (missing it by just half a second), but that was enough for her second gold medal. Template:Citation needed

During the following years, Skoblikova fought with her teammates to become world champion. In 1961, she won the bronze for the third consecutive time, followed by the silver medal in 1962. In 1963, she finally won the title. In Karuizawa, conditions were excellent, and Skoblikova won all four races, setting a new 1000 m world record in the process. Template:Citation needed

For the 1964 Olympics, Skoblikova qualified for all four distances, and she won all of them, thereby becoming the first Winter Olympian to win four individual gold medals. This record was only beaten by Eric Heiden who won all five speed skating events in 1980. Two weeks after the Olympics, she repeated her performance from Karuizawa and won all four distances at the world championships. Template:Citation needed

Skoblikova withdrew from speed skating for two seasons, but returned in 1967, setting a new 3000 m world record in January. She failed to reach the podium at the world championships however, and placed fourth. In 1968, she skated her third and last Olympics, with the best achievement of 6th place in the 3000 m. During her career she won 15 national titles in various distances, but never the all-around championships.<ref name=r1/>

After her retirement in 1969, Skoblikova moved to Moscow to work as a speed skating coach at Lokomotiv. In 1973, she began her studies at The Academy of Labor and Social Relations and received a degree in pedagogy in 1979. She later earned a PhD in history and became a professor.<ref name=r3>Лидия Скобликова: «Так и живу» Template:Webarchive. Спорт-Регион (2010)</ref> By 1983, she was a member of the Soviet National Olympic Committee, and received a silver Olympic Order from the hands of Juan Antonio Samaranch. For 12 years she was president of the Russian Skating Federation, and in the 1990s was the head coach of the Russian team. In 1996, she was inducted into the International Women's Sports Hall of Fame,<ref name=r1/> and three years later received the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" from the hands of Boris Yeltsin.<ref>ПРЕЗИДЕНТ РОССИИ НАГРАДИЛ Лидию СКОБЛИКОВУ. sport-express.ru (1999-05-07)</ref> On February 7, 2014, she was one of the six people who held the Olympic flag during the opening ceremony of the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.

Family

Skoblikova was born in a working-class family and had three sisters and one brother.<ref name=r3/> She married Aleksandr Polozkov, who was a competitive racewalker and a member of the national team. Aleksandr was a talented coach and trained his wife during some periods of her career. Their son Georgy (b. 14 March 1965) assisted Skoblikova as a coach of the national speed skating team in the 1990s. His first wife, Natalya Polozkova, was also a speed skater and competed at the 1992, 1994 and 1998 Winter Olympics,<ref name=r1>Lidiya Skoblikova. Sports-Reference.com</ref> whereas his second wife, Tanya, won four national titles.<ref name=r2>Конек королевы. Interview in Russian at rg.ru (2006-04-14).</ref>

Records

World records Nr. Distance Time Place Date 1 1500 meter 2:25.2 Squaw Valley 21 February 1960 2 1000 meter 1:31.8 Karuizawa 22 February 1963 3 3000 meter 5:05.9 Oslo 15 January 1967 <ref>Schaatsseizoen '96–'97, pp. 429–440.</ref>

Russian records Distance Time Place Date 1000 m 1:32.2 Medeo 5 Feb 1963 1000 m 1:31.8 Karuizawa 22 Feb 1963 1500 m 2:25.2 Squaw Valley 20 Feb 1960 3000 m 5:04.2 Chelyabinsk 12 Jan 1964 <ref>Skøytenytt 2001–10, pp. 613–619.</ref>

Personal records Distance Time Place Date 500 m 45.0 Innsbruck 30 Jan 1964 1000 m 1:31.8 Karuizawa 22 Feb 1963 1500 m 2:21.8 Medeo 27 Jan 1962 3000 m 5:04.2 Chelyabinsk 12 Jan 1964 Mini combination 190.817 Karuizawa 21/22 Feb 1963

See also

• List of multiple Olympic gold medalists at a single Games
• List of multiple Olympic gold medalists

External links

• Template:Sports-reference
• Legends of Soviet Sport: Lidia Skoblikova
• Lidia Skoblikova at Olympic.org
• International Women's Sports Hall of Fame. Women's Sports Foundation. Retrieved on 2007-08-27.