List of Orchidaceae genera

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Template:Short description This is a list of genera in the orchid family (Orchidaceae), originally according to The Families of Flowering Plants - L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz. This list is adapted regularly with the changes published in the Orchid Research Newsletter which is published twice a year by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. The most up to date list of accepted genera, natural nothogenera, species and natural nothospecies with their synonyms can be found on the World Checklist of Selected Plants Families Search Page and Plants of the World Online published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. This list is reflected on Wikispecies Orchidaceae and the new eMonocot website Orchidaceae Juss.

This taxonomy undergoes constant change, mainly through evidence from DNA study. Orchids were traditionally defined by morphological similarity (structure of their flowers and other parts). However, recent changes to nomenclature have been driven primarily by DNA studies and also by re-examination of herbarium specimens. This has led to a reduction of genera and species as well as re-circumscription of subfamilies, tribes and subtribes. Orchid taxonomy is still being revised and each year about another 150 new species are being discovered. The list of genera alone currently stands just short of 1000 entries.

From a cladistic point of view, the orchid family is considered to be monophyletic, i.e. the group incorporates all the taxa derived from an ancestral group.

The taxonomy of the orchids is explained on the page Taxonomy of the orchid family.

Subfamilies

There are five recognized subfamilies:<ref name="ChaseCameron2015">Template:Cite journal</ref>

  • Apostasioideae (two genera, Neuwiedia and Apostasia)
  • Cypripedioideae (five genera: Cypripedium, Mexipedium, Paphiopedilum, Phragmipedium and Selenipedium
  • Epidendroideae (has 15,000 species in 576 genera)
  • Orchidoideae (7 tribes and 3,630 species;<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> has 2 subclades with tribes Orchideae and Diseae then the other has tribes Cranichideae, Chloraeeae and Diurideae)

  • Vanilloideae (15 genera and about 180 species: Tribe Pogonieae (77 species; Cleistes, Cleistesiopsis, Duckeella, Isotria, and Pogonia) also Tribe Vanilleae (with 172 species; Clematepistephium, Cyrtosia, Epistephium, Eriaxis, Erythrorchis, Galeola, Lecanorchis, Pseudovanilla and Vanilla)

Genera

As of July 2025, Plants of the World Online accepts 693 genera and several inter-generic hybrids.<ref name = powo>Orchidaceae Juss. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 30 July 2025.</ref> Template:AlphanumericTOC

A

File:Aerides-lawrenciae.jpg
Aerides lawrenciae
File:Ancistrochilus.jpg
Ancistrochilus rothschildianus
File:Ansellia gigantea nilotica.jpg
Ansellia africana
File:Ascocentrum-miniatum.jpg
Ascocentrum miniatum

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B

File:Barkeria spectabilis.jpg
Barkeria spectabilis
File:Barkeria-skinneri.jpg
Barkeria shoemakeri
File:Brassia-girouldiana.jpg
Brassia girouldiana
File:Brassia-maculata.jpg
Brassia maculata

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C

File:Calanthe-triplicata.jpg
Calanthe triplicata
File:Chysis-bractescens.jpg
Chysis bractescens
File:Chloraea crispa.jpg
Chloraea crispa
File:Cochleanthes-amazonica.jpg
Cochleanthes amazonica
File:Coelogyne-cristata.jpg
Coelogyne cristata
File:Coelogyne-tomentosa.jpg
Coelogyne tomentosa
File:Coelogyne-speciosa.jpg
Coelogyne speciosa
File:Comparettia-macroplectrum.jpg
Comparettia macroplectrum
File:Comparettia-speciosa.jpg
Comparettia speciosa
File:Cycnoches-peruviana.jpg
Cycnoches peruviana
File:Cymbidiella-pardalina.jpg
Cymbidiella pardalina
File:Cypripedium acaule.jpg
Cypripedium acaule

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D

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E

File:Epidendrum radicans.jpg
Epidendrum radicans
File:Eria-stricta.jpg
Eria stricta
File:Euanthe sanderiana.jpg
Vanda sanderiana (syn. Euanthe sanderiana)

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F

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G

File:Gastrochilus somae flowers.jpg
Gastrochilus japonicus
File:Gomesa-crispa.jpg
Gomesa crispa
File:Gomesa-recurva.jpg
Gomesa recurva

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H

File:Haraella-retrocalla.jpg
Haraella retrocalla

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I

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J

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K

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L

File:Leptotes-bicolor.jpg
Leptotes bicolor
File:Ludisia-discolor.jpg
Ludisia discolor
File:Lycaste-Cassiopeia.jpg
Lycaste Cassiopeia (a cultivar)

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M

File:MacodesLowii.web.jpg
Macodes lowii
File:Macodes-petola.jpg
Macodes petola
File:Maxillaria-cucullata.jpg
Maxillaria cucullata
File:Maxillaria-picta.jpg
Maxillaria picta
File:Mexicoa-ghiesbrechtiana.jpg
Mexicoa ghiesbrechtiana
File:Oncidium schroederianum - Larsen.jpg
Oncidium schroederianum

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N

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O

File:Oerstedella-centropetala.jpg
Oerstedella centropetalla
File:Cochlioda noezliana - Larsen.jpg
Oncidium noezlianum
File:Ornithophora-radicans.jpg
Ornithophora radicans

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P

File:Phaius-tankervilleae.jpg
Phaius tankervilleae
File:Platanthera-hyperborea1web.jpg
Northern green orchid (Platanthera hyperborea)
File:Platanthera-praeclara.web.jpg
Western prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera praeclara)
File:Polystachya-pubescens.jpg
Polystachya pubescens
File:Prosthechea-cochleata.jpg
Prosthechea cochleata
File:Prosthechea-garciana.jpg
Prosthechea garciana
File:Prosthechea-radiata.jpg
Prosthechea radiata

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Q

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R

File:Rhyncholaelia-glauca.jpg
Rhyncholaelia glauca
File:Rhynchostele-bictoniensis.jpg
Rhynchostele bictoniensis
File:Rhynchostele-cordatum.jpg
Rhynchostele cordatum
File:Flower of Rossioglossum ampliatum - Rspb.2013.0960-F1.large-right.jpeg
Rossioglossum ampliatum

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S

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File:Spiranthes romanzoffiana.jpg
Spiranthes romanzoffiana

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T

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U

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V

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W

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X

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Y

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Z

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References

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  • The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) (2000).
  • Dressler, R.L. (1993). Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family. Cambridge Univ. Press
  • Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (1999). Genera Orchidacearum 1. Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2001). Genera Orchidacearum 2. Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2003). Genera Orchidacearum 3. Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Berg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart
  • Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2006). Genera Orchidacearum 4. Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2009). Genera Orchidacearum 5. Oxford Univ. Press