List of governors of Florida
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The governor of Florida is the head of government of the U.S. state of Florida. The governor is the head of the executive branch of the government of Florida and is the commander-in-chief of the Florida National Guard and Florida State Guard.
The current officeholder is Ron DeSantis, a member of the Republican Party who took office on January 8, 2019.
List of governors
Military governor
Template:For Spanish Florida was acquired from Spain in the Adams–Onís Treaty, which took effect July 10, 1821.<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> Parts of West Florida had already been assigned to Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi; the remainder and East Florida were governed by a military commissioner with the powers of governor until the territory was organized and incorporated.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
| Template:Abbr | Commissioner | Term in office | Appointed by | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:Andrew Jackson 1819 by Rembrandt Peale (3x4 cropped).webp | Andrew Jackson Template:Small <ref name="fl-jackson">Template:Cite web</ref> |
March 10, 1821 – December 31, 1821 Template:SmallTemplate:Efn |
James Monroe |
Territory of Florida
Florida Territory was organized on March 30, 1822, combining East and West Florida.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
State of Florida
The State of Florida was admitted to the Union on March 3, 1845. It seceded from the Union on January 10, 1861,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and joined the Confederate States of America on February 8, 1861,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> as a founding member. Following the end of the American Civil War, it was part of the Third Military District.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Florida was readmitted to the Union on June 25, 1868.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The Florida Constitution of 1838 provided that a governor be elected every 4 years, who was not allowed to serve consecutive terms.<ref>1838 Const. art III, § 2</ref> The secessionist constitution of 1861 would have reduced this to two years and removed the term limit,<ref>1861 Const. art. III, § 2</ref> but the state fell to the Union before the first election under that constitution. The rejected constitution of 1865 and the ratified constitution of 1868 maintained the four-year term,<ref>1865 Const. art. III, § 2</ref><ref>1868 Const. art. V, § 2</ref> though without the earlier term limit, which was reintroduced in the 1885 constitution.<ref name="1885art4sec2">1885 Const. art. IV, § 2</ref> The current constitution of 1968 states that should the governor serve, or would have served had he not resigned, more than six years in two consecutive terms, he cannot be elected to the succeeding term.<ref name="constart4sec5">FL Const. art. IV, § 5</ref> The start of a term was set in 1885 at the first Tuesday after the first Monday in the January following the election,<ref name="1885art4sec2" /> where it has remained.<ref>FL Const. art. IV, § 2</ref>
Originally, the president of the state senate acted as governor should that office be vacant.<ref>1838 Const. art III, § 18</ref> The 1865 and 1868 constitutions created the office of lieutenant governor,<ref name="1865const-a3-s19">1865 Const. art. III, § 19</ref><ref>1868 Const. art. V, § 15</ref> who would similarly act as governor. This office was abolished in 1885, with the president of the senate again taking on that duty.<ref name="1885const-a4-s19">1885 Const. art. IV, § 19</ref> The 1968 constitution recreated the office of lieutenant governor, who now becomes governor in the absence of the governor.<ref name="const-a4-s3">FL Const. art. IV, § 3</ref> The governor and lieutenant governor are elected on the same ticket.<ref name="constart4sec5" />
Florida was a strongly Democratic state before the Civil War, electing only one candidate from the Whig Party (the Democrats' chief opposition at the time).<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> It elected three Republican governors following Reconstruction, but after the Democratic Party re-established control, 90 years passed before voters chose another Republican. Since 1998, it has been a strongly Republican state.
Acting governor
Florida has had a number of people serve as acting governor. The state's first three constitutions provided that the succession in office became operative whenever the governor was out of the state. Thus, in 1853 when Governor Thomas Brown attended an event in Boston—the Senate president who would normally succeed the governor at the time was also out of state. Therefore, the speaker of the Florida House of Representatives, A.K. Allison, became acting governor on September 16, 1853. He served for 17 days.<ref>Allen Morris & Joan Perry Morris, "The Florida Handbook" 2007-2008.</ref>
Article IV Section 3 (b) of the Florida Constitution now calls for the lieutenant governor to "act as Governor" during the governor's physical or mental incapacity. This provision has been invoked one time. On June 18, 2008, Governor Charlie Crist filed a proclamation with the secretary of state transferring power of governor to Lt. Governor Jeff Kottkamp pursuant to the constitutional provision while he underwent knee surgery.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
See also
Notes
References
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External links
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