List of metropolitan areas in Europe

{{#invoke:Hatnote|hatnote}}

Moscow, the capital of Russia, has the most populous metropolitan area in Europe.

Europe and some parts of Africa and Asia by night. Lights reveal the urbanized areas of Europe. It also shows the Blue Banana megalopolis from north-west England to northern Italy, and the Golden Banana urbanized area between Genoa and Valencia.

Blue, Golden, Green Bananas

This list ranks metropolitan areas in Europe by their population according to three different sources; it includes metropolitan areas that have a population of over 1 million.

Sources

List includes metropolitan areas according only to the studies of ESPON, Eurostat, and OECD. For this reason some metropolitan areas, like the Italian Genoa Metropolitan Area (with a population of 1,510,781 as of 2010<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>) or the Ukrainian Kryvyi Rih metropolitan area (with a population of 1,170,953 as of 2019<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}Template:In lang</ref>), are not included in this list, with data by other statistic survey institutes.

Population figures correspond to the populations of Functional urban areas (FUA). The concept of a functional urban area defines a metropolitan area as a core urban area defined morphologically on the basis of population density, plus the surrounding labour pool defined on the basis of commuting. Figures in the first two population columns use a harmonised definition of a Functional urban area developed jointly in 2011, with delimitation basing on the DEGURBA method.<ref>Template:Cite report</ref><ref name="luz">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Further information on how the areas are defined can be found in the source documents. These figures should be seen as an interpretation, not as conclusive fact.

Metropolitan areas

Metropolitan area name	Country	OECD (2020)<ref name = "OECD-FUA">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Eurostat<ref name="Eurostat-metros">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }} Population on 1 January by age groups and sex - functional urban areas (urb_lpop1)</ref>
Amsterdam metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Antwerp	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2024)
Athens metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2011)
Barcelona metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
BakuTemplate:Efn	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Belgrade	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Berlin metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Bilbao metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Bordeaux	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
Greater Bristol	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
Brussels metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2024)
Bucharest metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
Budapest metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Cardiff	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
Copenhagen metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2013)
Dnipro	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Donetsk	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Dublin Metropolitan Area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2011)
Frankfurt Rhine-Main	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Gdańsk (Tricity)	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2021)
Greater Glasgow	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
Gothenburg	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
The Hague	Template:Flagcountry	Template:NtsTemplate:Efn	Template:Nts (2023)
Hamburg Metropolitan Region	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Hannover	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Helsinki Metropolitan Area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2024)
IstanbulTemplate:Efn	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2004)
Katowice metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2021)
Kazan metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Kharkiv	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Kraków metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2021)
Kyiv metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Lille	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
Lisbon metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2024)
Łódź metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2021)
London metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
Lyon	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
Madrid metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
Málaga	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Greater Manchester	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
Mannheim-Ludwigshafen	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
Marseille	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Liverpool City Region	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
Milan metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2024)
Minsk metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Moscow metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Munich	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Nantes	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
Naples metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2024)
Nice	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
Nizhny Novgorod	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Nottingham-Derby	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Efn (2018)
Northwest Metropolitan Region (Bremen)	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Nuremberg Metropolitan Region	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Odesa	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Greater Oslo Region	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2013)
Paris metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
Porto Metropolitan Area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2024)
Portsmouth-Southampton	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Efn (2018)
Poznań metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2021)
Prague metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
Rhein-NordTemplate:Efn (Düsseldorf - Neuss)	Template:Flagcountry	Template:NtsTemplate:Efn	Template:NtsTemplate:Efn (2023)
Rhein-SüdTemplate:Efn (Cologne - Bonn)	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Efn (2023)
Rome metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2024)
Rostov-on-Don	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Rotterdam	Template:Flagcountry	Template:NtsTemplate:Efn	Template:Nts (2023)
RuhrTemplate:Efn	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2021)
Saint Petersburg metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Samara	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Saratov	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Seville metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2021)
Sofia	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
South Yorkshire (Sheffield-Doncaster)	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
Metropolitan Stockholm	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
Stuttgart Metropolitan Region	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
TbilisiTemplate:Efn	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Thessaloniki metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2011)
Toulouse	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
Turin metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Tyne and Wear (Newcastle-Sunderland)	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
Ufa	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Valencia	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2023)
Vienna	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Volgograd	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Voronezh	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Warsaw metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2021)
West Midlands conurbation (Birmingham)	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
West Yorkshire Built-up Area (Leeds - Bradford)	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2018)
YerevanTemplate:Efn	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:NtsTemplate:Sdash
Zagreb metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)
Zürich metropolitan area	Template:Flagcountry	Template:Nts	Template:Nts (2022)

Polycentric metropolitan areas in the European Union

Rank	Area	State	Population<ref>European Spatial Planning Observation Network, Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3) Template:Webarchive, Final Report, Chapter 3, (ESPON, 2007) page 241-243</ref>
1	Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region	Template:GER	12,190,000
2	Randstad	Template:NED	6,787,000
3	Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area	Template:POL/ Template:CZE	5,294,000
4	Flemish Diamond	Template:BEL	5,103,000
5	Vienna-Bratislava metropolitan region	Template:AUT/ Template:SVK	4,600,000

See also

• List of European cities by population within city limits
• List of urban areas in Europe
• List of European city regions
• Lists of cities in Europe
• List of largest cities in the European Union by population within city limits
• List of urban areas in the European Union
• List of European Union cities proper by population density
• List of metropolitan areas by population for the world
• World's largest cities

Regional and country-specific lists

• Largest metropolitan areas in the Nordic countries
• List of metropolitan areas in Belgium
• List of metropolitan areas in France
• List of metropolitan areas in Germany
• List of metropolitan areas in Italy
• List of metropolitan areas in Poland
• List of metropolitan areas in Romania
• List of metropolitan areas in Spain
• List of metropolitan areas in Sweden
• List of metropolitan areas in the United Kingdom

External links

• Geopolis: research group, university of Paris-Diderot, France - Population of urban areas of 10,000 or more