List of prehistoric lakes
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This a partial list of prehistoric lakes. Although the form of the names below differ, the lists are alphabetized by the identifying name of the lake (e.g., Algonquin for Glacial Lake Algonquin). YBP = Years Before Present. Template:Dynamic list
North America
- Estancia Valley, Central New Mexico, United States
- Lake Estancia, glacial paleolake that once hosted cutthroat trout
- Plains of San Agustín, Central New Mexico, United States
- Lake San Agustín, present day site of the Very Large Array
- Tularosa basin, Southern New Mexico, United States
- Lake Otero
- Lake Lucero; Once much larger, the present day lake is an alkali lake and the main source of gypsum for White Sands National Park, the largest gypsum dune field in the world.
- Great Basin
- Mono Lake Lee Vining, California.
Atlantic Drainage

- St. Lawrence River drainage, i.e., the Great Lakes
- Champlain Sea; 11,800 – 8,200 YBP on the lower St. Lawrence, from Ottawa River to the Gulf of St. Lawrence<ref name=UWGB>Web animation; University of Wisconsin, Green Bay; 2001</ref><ref>Barnett, P.J. 1988. History of the northwestern arm of the Champlain Sea. Pp 25-36 in Gadd, N.R. (ed.) The Late Quaternary Development of the Champlain Sea Basin. Geological Association of Canada, Special Paper 36. Map 5.</ref>
- Lake Ontario basin: 8,400 YBP<ref name=UWGB/>
- Early Lake Ontario; 8,700 – 11,800 YBP<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Admiralty; 10,000 YBP<ref>Postglacial chronology and the origin of deep lake basins in Prince Edward County, Ontario. Conference on Great Lakes Research, 1964 - International Association for Great Lakes Research; Terasmae, E Mirynech; 1964</ref>
- Lake Frontenac; 12,000 – 11,000 YBP<ref>"Glacial Lake Outflow via the St. Lawrence Pathway Prior to the Champlain Sea Invasion and During the Younger Dryas"; American Geophysical Union; Occhietti, S.; Anderson, T. W.; Karrow, P. F.; Lewis, M. C.; Mott, R. J.; Parent, M.; Richard, P. J.; Rodrigues, C. G.; Stea, R.; 2005; Retrieved 2009-10-15.</ref> covering the Ontario basin and to the northeast up the St. Lawrence Valley covering the low lands north to the Ottawa River and Montreal.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Glacial Lake Iroquois; 13,000 – 10,500 YBP<ref>Glacial Geology and the Pleistocene Epoch; Richard Foster Flint; 2008-11; Retrieved 2009-09-26.</ref> and covered all of the Ontario basin and southward across central New York, reaching to the Finger Lakes.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Finger Lakes of New York plus 12 minor lakes<ref name=Fairchild>Glacial Lakes of Western New York; H.L. Fairchild; Bulletin of the Geological Society of America; Vol. 6, PP, 353-274, Pls. 18-23; Rochester, New York; April 12, 1895</ref>
- Dansville Lake in the Canaseraga valley<ref name=Fairchild/>
- Scottsburg Lake in the Conesus valley<ref name=Fairchild/>
- Naples Lake in the Canandaigua valley<ref name=Fairchild/>
- Hammondsport Lake in the Keoka valley.<ref name=Fairchild/>
- Watkins Lake in the Seneca valley<ref name=Fairchild/>
- Ithaca Lake in the Cayuga valley<ref name=Fairchild/>
- Lake Erie (8,400 YBP) basin<ref name=UWGB/>
- Early Lake Erie; 11,800 – 8,700 YBP in Ohio, Ontario, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and New York and located in the Erie basin<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Lundy; 2,000 YBP<ref name=Hansen>The History of Lake Erie; Michael C. Hansen; Ohio Geology Newsletter; Div of Geological Survey, State of Ohio; Columbus, Ohio; 1989</ref> in Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, and New York
- Lake Elkton stage of Lake Lundy @ Template:Convert above sea level<ref name=Hansen/>
- Lake Dana stage of Lake Lundy @ Template:Convert above sea level<ref name=Hansen/>
- Lake Grasmere stage of Lake Lundy @ Template:Convert above sea level<ref name=Hansen/>
- Lake Tonawanda; 10,000 YBP<ref>Ernest H. Muller (1977), Late Glacial and Early Postglacial Environments in Western New York; Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 288 (1), 223–233. 1977</ref> in western New York
- Lake Wayne; ended by 12,000 YBP<ref name=Hansen/> in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York, expanding from Lake Warren to cover most of the Erie basin<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Warren; 12,700 YBP<ref name=Hansen/> in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York, covering southern portion of the basin<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Whittlesey; 13,000 – 12,700 YBP<ref name=Hansen/> in Ohio, Ontario, Michigan, and Pennsylvania. It covered the western half of the Erie basin and north over southwest Ontario to the tip of Lake Huron.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Arkona; 13,600 – 13,200 YBP<ref name=Hansen/> in Ohio, Ontario, Michigan, and Pennsylvania. Covered two-thirds of the Erie basin, north across southwest Ontario to include the southern tip of Lake Huron, the ‘thumb’ of Michigan and low lands south and west of Saginaw Bay.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Maumee; 14,000 – 13,000 YBP<ref name=Hansen/> in Ohio, Ontario and Michigan. The western basin reaching to Fort Wayne, Indiana.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Rouge in Michigan south of Detroit.
- Lake St. Clair and the Detroit River:
- Early Lake St. Clair: 12,500 – 5,500 YPB in Lake St. Clair; Michigan and Ontario.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Huron basin
- Later Lake Saginaw in Saginaw Bay on the lower peninsula of Michigan.
- Nipissing Great Lakes; 5,500<ref name=seagrant>Reconstruction Low Lake Levels of Lake Michigan; Timothy Fisher; University of Toledo; Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant College Program; University of Illinois; Urbana, IL; 2006</ref> - 4,500 YBP<ref name=Larsen>Geological History of Glacial Lake Algonquin and the Upper Great Lakes; Curtis E. Larsen; U.S. Geological Survey bulletin; 1801; United States Government Printing Office; Washington, D.C.; 1987</ref>
- Lake Nipissing; 8,400 – 5,500 YBP formed as the water bodies in the Superior and Huron basins merged across Sault Ste. Marie around 8,400 YBP and then merged with the Michigan basin around 7,800.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Stanley-Hough; 8,700 YBP, the water levels had risen to connect both Lake Stanley and Lake Hough into a single body of water.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Stanley; 9,000 YBP<ref name=UWGB/> covered only the northern and eastern portion of the main Huron basin with channels into Lake Hough.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Hough; 9,000 YBP<ref name=UWGB/> covered Georgian Bay, Ontario.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Glacial Lake Algonquin; 9,000 – 7,000 YBP<ref name="Larsen"/>
- Lake Stanley; to 10,000 YBP <ref name=seagrant/>
Map of Glacial lakes Whittlesey, Saginaw and Chicago - Lake Saginaw; 13,500 YBP 10,300 YBP along the southern shore of Saginaw Bay and the low lands to the southwest.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Michigan (1,500 YBP) basin
- Nipissing Great Lakes: 5,500<ref name="seagrant"/> - 4,500 YBP<ref name=Larsen/>
- Lake Nipissing; 8,400 – 5,500 YBP formed as the water bodies in the Superior and Huron basins merged across Sault Ste. Marie around 8,400 YBP and then merged with the Michigan basin around 7,800.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Glacial Lake Algonquin; 9,000 – 7,000 YBP<ref name=Larsen/>
- Lake Chippewa; 10,700 – 7,500 YBP,<ref name=UWGB/> covered the lowest elevations in the Lake Michigan basin forming a linear lake in the middle, linked by a narrow proto-Straits of Mackinac and the Mackinac Falls to Lake Stanley.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Chicago; 14,000 – 11,000 YBP<ref name=UWGB/> along the southern shore and growing slowly northward.
- Lake Superior basin
- Precursor Lakes, before the formation of basin wide bodies of water.<ref name=Leverett154>Professional Paper 154—A, Moriaines and Shore Lines of Lake Superior Basin: Frank Leverett; United States Government Printing Office, Washington; February 9, 1929; (Pages 1-72)</ref>
- Nipissing Great Lakes: 8,400 – 5,500 YBP formed as the water bodies in the Superior and Huron basins merged across Sault Ste. Marie around 8,400 YBP and then merged with the Michigan basin around 7,800.;<ref name=UWGB/> - 5,500;<ref name="seagrant"/> - 4,500 YBP<ref name=Larsen/>
- Lake Houghton; 8,700 – 8,000 YBP covered the Superior basin in Ontario, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Fenton Lake; 9,500 YBP occupied a shallow basin in the eastern side of Lake Superior after Lake Minong had shrunk below rock sills internal to the lake basin.<ref>A late Lake Minong transgression in the Lake Superior bain as documented by sediments from Fenton Lake, Ontario; Andy Breckenridge, Thomas V. Lowell, Timothy G. Fisher, Shiyong Yu; Springer Science +Business Media B.V.; 2010</ref>
- Lake Minong; 10,300 – 9,800 YBP <ref name=Huber>"Post-Valders Lake Stages in the Lake Superior Basin", in Glacial and Postglacial Geologic History of Isle Royale National Park, Michigan by N. King Huber, USGS Geological Survey Professional Paper 754-A</ref> covering most of the modern Superior basin.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Post-Duluth Lake; 10,600 YBP<ref name=UWGB/> along the Wisconsin and Michigan shore, reaching less than halfway across the basin.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Duluth; 11,500 – 11,000 YBP<ref name=Huber/> in the western half of the Superior basin.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Glacial Lake St. Louis occupied St. Louis Bay at the southern tip of modern Lake Superior.
- Lake Keweenaw; 12,500 – 12,000 YBP<ref name=UWGB/> in the western Superior basin.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Atlantic Ocean
- Lake Albany in the valley of the Hudson River.<ref name=tuft>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Glacial Lake Block Island off the south coast of Rhode Island, west of Block Island.
- Glacial Lake Cape Cod in Massachusetts.
- Lake Colebrook on the border of Vermont and New Hampshire, crossing into Quebec.<ref name=tuft/>
- Lake Coos on the border of Vermont and New Hampshire.<ref name=tuft/>
- Lake Connecticut; 20,000 – 18,000 YBP, covered Long Island Sound.<ref name=USGS81-3>U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-002; Geological Framework Data from Long Island Sound, 1981-1990: A Digital Data Release; CERC Technical Report 81-3; Sand Resources and Geological Character of Long Island Sound; S. Jeffress Williams; 1981</ref>
- Glacial Lake Hitchcock; 15,000 YBP in the valley of the Connecticut River.<ref name=tuft/>
- Glacial Lake Nantucket Sound in Massachusetts.
- Glacial Lake Narragansett covered Narragansett Bay in Rhode Island.
- Lake Merrimack in New Hampshire in the Merrimack River valley<ref name=tuft/>
- Lake Passaic; 19,000 – 14,000 YBP in New Jersey
- Glacial Lake Rhode Island off the south coast of Rhode Island, east of Block Island
- Lake Sciota; in the eastern Poconos Pennsylvania.
- Lake Stowe; 15,000 YBP in central Vermont.
- Lake Vermont in Vermont, New York states, and the province of Quebec.<ref name=tuft/>
- Lake Winooski in Vermont.<ref name=tuft/>
- Lubbock Lake in Texas (see Lubbock Lake Landmark)
Via the Gulf of Mexico
- Mississippi River basin
- Glacial Lake Calvin in southeast Iowa
- Illinois River basin
- Lake Baroda in Michigan on the lower St. Joseph River.<ref name=conference>Using The Fluvial-Lacustrine Interface In A Glaciodeltaic Deposit To Redefine The Valparaiso Moraine, Berrien County, Michigan, USA
Kincare, K.A., Michigan Geological Survey Stone, B.D., and Newell, W.L., U.S. Geological Survey; 7thInternational Conference on Fluvial Sedimentology –Lincoln, Nebraska; ca 2000</ref>
- Lake Dowagiac in Michigan on the lower Dowagiac River,<ref name=conference/> now a branch of the St. Joseph River which now flows into Lake Michigan.
- Lake Madron in Michigan at the junction of the St. Joseph River and the Dowagiac River.<ref name=conference/>
- Lake Kankakee; 13,600 – 13,200 YBP<ref name=Barrett>Dunes of Northwestern Indiana; Edward Barrett; Forty First Annual Report of Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Indiana; pg 11-22; Fort Wayne Printing Company; 1916</ref>
- Glacial Lake Ottawa in Illinois on the upper Illinois River.<ref name=fieldguide>Earth Science Field Trip, Guide Leaflet, Kankakee Area, May 18, 1957; John C. Frye; State Geological Survey; Urbana, Illinois;l 1957</ref>
- Glacial Lake Pontiac in Illinois on the lower Vermillion River.<ref name=fieldguide/>
- Glacial Lake Wauponsee in Illinois at the headwaters of the Illinois River.<ref name=fieldguide/>
- Lake Watseka in Illinois on the Iroquois River.<ref name=fieldguide/>
- Ohio River basin

Lake Monongahela during its most expansive period - Lake Monongahela, along the Allegheny, Monongahela and upper Ohio Rivers.
- Glacial Lake Tight, named for William G. Tight along the Ohio and West Virginia border.
- Upper Mississippi River basin
- Lake Upham north of Duluth, Minnesota.<ref>Waters, Thomas F. (1977). The Streams and Rivers of Minnesota. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press</ref>
- Lake Aitkin along the Mississippi River near Grand Rapids, Minnesota.<ref name=OjakMat>Ojakangas, Richard W.; Matsch, Charles L (1982). Minnesota's Geology. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.</ref>
- Lake Minnesota at the great bend in the Minnesota River at Mankato, Minnesota<ref name=OjakMat/>
- Glacial Lake Baraboo, communicating with Glacial Lake Wisconsin here
- Glacial Lake Grantsburg, draining through the St. Croix River,<ref name=OjakMat/>
- Lake Oshkosh; 13,600 - YBP.<ref name=UWGB/> on the central Wisconsin River.<ref name=UWGB/>
- Glacial Lake Wisconsin; 18,000 – 14,000 YBP in Wisconsin along the Wisconsin River.<ref>Dott, Robert H., Jr; John W. Attig (2004). Roadside Geology of Wisconsin. Missoula, Montana: Mountain Press Publishing Company. pp. 199-205.</ref>
- Missouri River basin

Glacial Lake Great Falls - Glacial Lake Great Falls; 17,000 – 13,000 YBP<ref>Montagne J.L. "Quaternary System, Wisconsin Glaciation." Geologic Atlas of the Rocky Mountain Region. Denver: Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, 1972.</ref> in Montana<ref name=Moak>Pleistocene Glaciation and Diversion of the Missouri River in Northern Montana; William Moak, Department of Geography and Geology, University of Nebraska at Omaha; Omaha, Nebraska; ca, 1991</ref> near Great Falls, Montana.
- Lake Cut Bank in Montana<ref name=Moak/> on the Marias River near Cut Bank.
- Lake Chouteau in Montana<ref name=Moak/>
- Lake Musselshell in Montana<ref name=Moak/> on the Musselshell River.
- Lake Jordan in Montana<ref name=Moak/>
- Lake Circle in Montana,<ref>Physiography and Glacial Geology of Eastern Montana and Adjacent Areas; William C. Alden; United States Government Printing Office: Washington, D.C.; 1932</ref>
- Lake Glendive in Montana<ref name=Moak/> on the Yellowstone River, upstream from its junction with the Missouri River.
- Lake Crow Flies High in North Dakota between Williston and New Town.<ref name=Lewis&Clark>Geology of the Lewis and Clark Trail in North Dakota; The Missouri River</ref>
- Lake McKenzie in North Dakota from the Great Bend, south to the South Dakota border.<ref name=Lewis&Clark/>
- Rio Grande basin
- Lake Alamosa in Colorado<ref>Machette, M.N., Coates, M-M., and Johnson, M.L., 2007, 2007 Rocky Mountain Section Friends of the Pleistocene Field Trip—Quaternary geology of the San Luis Basin of Colorado and New Mexico, September 7–9, 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007–1193, 197 p.</ref>
- Lake Cabeza de Vaca in extreme southern New Mexico, United States, and northern Chihuahua, Mexico; once the ultimate destination of the Rio Grande until it was captured by the Pecos River
- Pluvial Lake Palomas in the same area, but fed by the now-endorheic Mimbres River; now a major source of sand for the Médanos de Samalayuca
Arctic Drainage

- Mackenzie River basin
- Lake MacKenzie in the Northwest Territories.
- Lake McConnell; 11,800 – 8,400 YBP<ref>Smith, Derald G. (1994). "Glacial lake McConnell: Paleogeography, age, duration, and associated river deltas, mackenzie river basin, western Canada". Quaternary Science Reviews 13 (9-10).</ref>
- Lake Agassiz; 12,875 – 8,480 YBP<ref name=Michalek>Examining the progression and termination of Lake Agassiz: Michael J. Michalek; 2013</ref> in Manitoba and Ontario, stretching south in the James River valley of North Dakota and Minnesota.
- Modern: Lake Winnipeg, Cedar Lake (Manitoba), Lake Winnipegosis, Lake Manitoba, Lake of the Woods
- Lake Edmonton in Alberta
- Lake Peace in Alberta and British Columbia
- Lake Regina
- Lake Hind in southwestern Manitoba
- Lake Souris across North Dakota and Manitoba
- Hudson Bay drainage
- Tyrrell Sea; 7,000 – 6,000 YBP<ref name=UWGB/>
- Lake Ojibway; 8,500 – 8,200 YBP<ref>Lajeunesse, P.; St-Onge, G. (2007). "Reconstruction of the Last Outburst Flood of Glacial Lake Agassiz-Ojibway in Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait". American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2007. Retrieved 2012-09-24.</ref>
- Lake Antevs
- Lake Nakina in Ontario, east of Lake Nipigon
Pacific Drainage

- Pacific Ocean:
- Lake Atna drained from present-day Copper River Basin
- Glacial Lake Bretz drained north from present-day Puget Sound in Washington
- Lake Cahuilla in Southern California at the Salton Sea and today's cities of Indio, Mexicali, and El Centro, CA
- Glacial Lake Hood formed in the southern hook of the Hood Canal and drained south through Glacial Lake Russell at Tacoma and the Black River Valley to the Chehalis River.
- Lake Modoc formed on the Klamath River, at Upper Klamath Lake, Lower Klamath Lake and Tule Lake
- Lake Nisqually preceded Lake Russell and waters, west of Tacoma, including the Narrows.
- Lake Puyallup was on the middle and upper Puyallup River and preceded Lake Tacoma.
- Glacial Lake Russell drained south from present-day Puget Sound in Washington.
- Glacial Lake Sammamish preceded Lake Sammamish, draining into Glacial Lake Russell’s bay in the Lake Russell’s bay in the Lake Washington basin east of Seattle.
- Lake Skokomish drained the southeast flank of the Olympic Mountains in the Skokomish River basin.
- Lake Tacoma was at the southern end of the Vashon Glacier in Puget Sound covering Commencement Bay, extending south up the Puyallup River valley. Washington basin east of Seattle.
- Glacial Lake Snoqualmie in Washington State
- Columbia River basin:
- Lake Allison; 15,000 – 13,000 YBP in the Willamette Valley of Oregon.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Lake Canadian on the Washington/Oregon border above The Dalles
- Lake Condon; 15,000 – 13,000 YBP on the Columbia River on the Washington/Oregon border above The Dalles and below Wallula Gap.
- Lake Lewis; 16,000 YBP<ref name="Bjornstad">Template:Cite book</ref> in central Washington, new Yakima.
- Glacial Lake Columbia in central Washington State
- Glacial Lake Spokane in eastern Washington near Spokane.

Glacial Lake Columbia (west) and Glacial Lake Missoula (east) are shown south of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet. The areas inundated in the Columbia and Missoula floods are shown in red. - Lake Missoula; 15,000 – 13,000 YBP in western Montana.<ref name="Bjornstad"/>
- Great Basin of California, Nevada, Utah, Oregon & Idaho:
- Lake Lahontan; 12,700 – 9,000 YBP in Nevada, California and Oregon.
- Lake Alvord in Oregon and Nevada
- Lake Amboy in California
- Lake Bonneville; 32,000 – 14,500 YBP in Utah and Idaho and Nevada.<ref>Nevada Division of State Parks: Lahontan State Recreation Area Lake Lahontan Yacht Club</ref>
- Lake Carpenter in Nevada
- Lake Chewaucan in Oregon
- Lake Clover in Nevada
- Lake Dixie in Nevada
- Lake Franklin in Nevada
- Lake Harney-Malheur in Oregon
- Lake Klamath in California and Oregon
- Lake Madeline in California
- Lake Manly; 186,000 – 10,000 YBP, covered Death Valley
- Lake Mojave in California
- Lake Owens in California
- Lake Panamint in California
- Lake Railroad in Nevada
- Lake Russell in Nevada and California
- Lake Searles in California
- Lake Spring in Nevada
- Lake Steptoe in Nevada
- Lake Tecopa
- Lake Thompson
- Lake Toiyabe in Nevada
- Lake Tulare in California
- Lake Tule in California
- Lake Waring in Nevada
Europe

- Lake Komi, a proglacial lake formed in the vicinity of the present-day Russian Komi Republic
- White Sea Ice Lake, freshwater period of the White Sea
- Baltic Ice Lake, freshwater period of the Baltic Sea
- Ancylus Lake, freshwater period of the Baltic Sea
- Lake Harrison in the Midlands in England
- Lake Lapworth in Shropshire in England
- Lake Orcadie of the Old Red Sandstone, Scotland
- Lake Pickering between the North York Moors and the Yorkshire Wolds in England
- Ebro endorheic lake system, in the Ebro Basin, (Spain)
- Duero endorheic lake system, in the Duero Basin, (Spain)
- Gjende Lake in the Jotunheimen mountains of Norway
- Zechstein Sea covering all of central and Northern Europe (Saltwater)
South America
- Altiplano Cundiboyacense
- Lake Humboldt, Pleistocene lake on the Bogotá savanna
- Altiplano Boliviano
- Cabana, a lake level highstand of Lake Titicaca
- Lake Escara
- Inca Huasi
- Mataro, a lake level highstand of Lake Titicaca
- Lake Minchin
- Ouki
- Sajsi
- Salinas
- Lake Tauca
- Cancosa paleolake
- Patagonia
Asia

- Mundafan, Arabia
- West Siberian Glacial Lake
- Lake Bandung in Indonesia<ref name="Kompas">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=Dam>Template:Citation</ref>
- Lake Tengger
Africa
- Lake Makgadikgadi in the Kalahari Desert in Africa
- Lake Ptolemy
- Chad Basin what is now Lake Chad
- Lake Congo, what is now the Congo Basin
- Lake Suguta
Oceania
- Lake Carpentaria, Australia
- Lake Bungunnia in the Murray Basin, Australia
- Eromanga Sea in the Eromanga Basin, Australia
- Lake Manuherikia, Central Otago, New Zealand
- Lake Walloon, Lake Winton, and Lake Dieri, Australia, of which the modern Lake Eyre is a remnant<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
See also
References
Template:Pleistocene Lakes and Seas Template:Ice Ages Template:Continental Glaciations