Martha Argerich

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Template:Short description Template:Protection padlock Template:Promotional Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox musical artist Martha Argerich (Argentinian Template:IPA; Template:IPA; born 5 June 1941) is an Argentine classical concert pianist. Argerich is known for her interpretations of the works by composers such as Chopin, Ravel, Liszt, Prokofiev, and Schumann.<ref>Sources:

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Born and raised in Buenos Aires, Argerich gave her debut concert at the age of eight before receiving further piano training in Europe. At sixteen, she won both the Geneva International Music Competition and the Ferruccio Busoni International Competition. After a period of artistic uncertainty, she returned to performing with encouragement from Anny Askenase and went on to win the International Chopin Piano Competition in 1965, launching her international career. Since the 1980s, she has prioritized collaborative performance, appearing frequently with artists including Stephen Kovacevich, Mischa Maisky, and Gidon Kremer.

She has held leadership roles in institutions such as the International Piano Academy Lake Como and the Argerich Music Festival in Beppu, Japan. Argerich gained early recognition for her technical skills and expressive interpretations, and while she initially performed solo recitals, she later focused on concerto and chamber music due to discomfort with solo performance. A prominent advocate for human rights, she has supported political causes and fellow musicians publicly. Known for her aversion to publicity, she holds citizenship in Argentina and Switzerland and has lived in various countries throughout her career.

Early life and education

Argerich in 1962

Argerich was born in Buenos Aires.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Her paternal ancestors were from Catalonia, based in Buenos Aires since the 18th century. Her maternal grandparents were Jewish immigrants from the Russian Empire, who settled in Colonia Villa Clara in Argentina's Entre Ríos Province, one of the colonies established by Baron de Hirsch and the Jewish Colonization Association.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The provenance of the name Argerich is Catalonia.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

A precocious child, Argerich began kindergarten at the age of two years and eight months, where she was the youngest child. A five-year-old boy, who was a friend, teased her that she would not be able to play the piano, and Argerich responded by playing perfectly, by ear, a piece their teacher played them. The teacher immediately called the mother and they "started making a fuss." Argerich started learning the piano at the age of three.<ref name="Dean Interview">Template:Cite web</ref> At the age of five, she moved to teacher Vincenzo Scaramuzza, who stressed to her the importance of lyricism and feeling. Argerich gave her debut concert in 1949 at the age of eight. The family moved to Europe in 1955, where Argerich studied with Friedrich Gulda in Austria, whom Argerich describes as one of her major influences. She later studied with Stefan Askenase and Maria Curcio.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Argerich also seized opportunities for brief periods of coaching with Madeleine Lipatti (widow of Dinu Lipatti), Abbey Simon, and Nikita Magaloff.<ref>Manildi, Donald Musician of the Year 2001 Martha Argerich, "Musical America", 2001</ref> In 1957, at sixteen, she won both the Geneva International Music Competition and the Ferruccio Busoni International Competition within three weeks of each other.<ref group="n">At the latter she met Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, whom she would later seek out for lessons – although she studied with him for over a year, she only had four lessons with him. Michelangeli, when asked what he had done for Argerich, replied: "I taught her the gift of silence".<ref name="Sweeting">Template:Cite news</ref></ref>

Following this success, Argerich had a personal and artistic crisis. After an abortive attempt to study with the Italian pianist Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, who gave her only four lessons in the space of 18 months, she went to New York City, hoping but failing to meet and study with her idol, Vladimir Horowitz.<ref name="washingtonpost.com">Template:Cite news</ref> She did not play the piano for three years and considered giving it up to train as a secretary or doctor.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She credited Anny Askenase, the wife of Stefan Askenase, with encouraging her to return to the piano.<ref name="Dean Interview" />

Professional career

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Argerich performed her debut concert at the age of eight, playing Mozart's Piano Concerto No. 20 in D minor and Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 1 in C major.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She gained international prominence when she won the VII International Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw in 1965, at age 24.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In that same year, she debuted in the United States in Lincoln Center's Great Performers Series. In 1960, she had made her first commercial recording, which included works by Chopin, Brahms, Ravel, Prokofiev, and Liszt; it received critical acclaim upon its release in 1961. She has since recorded works by composers including Ginastera, Rachmaninoff and Schumann, to whom she describes feeling a particular connection.<ref name="Bloody Daughter">"Bloody Daughter"</ref>

Argerich performing at the Kirchner Cultural Centre, July 2015

Argerich has often remarked in interviews of feeling "lonely" on stage during solo performances.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Since the 1980s, she has staged few solo performances, concentrating instead on concertos and, in particular, chamber music, and collaborating with instrumentalists in sonatas.

Argerich has also promoted younger pianists, both through her annual festival and through her appearances as a member of the jury at international competitions.<ref name="About ICC">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="ASU Jury">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="AR Competition">Template:Cite web</ref> The pianist Ivo Pogorelić was thrust into the musical spotlight partly as a result of Argerich's actions: after he was eliminated in the third round of the 1980 International Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw, Argerich proclaimed him a genius and left the jury in protest.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> According to Đặng Thái Sơn, the eventual winner, Argerich made the "beautiful gesture" of sending a public telegram to the judging committee to congratulate him, after learning the final results.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She has supported several artists, including Gabriela Montero, Mauricio Vallina, Sergio Tiempo, Roberto Carnevale, Gabriele Baldocci, and Template:Ill.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Argerich performing at the later Kirchner Cultural Centre, 2008

Argerich is the president of the International Piano Academy Lake Como and performs annually at the Lugano Festival.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She has also created and been a General Director of the Argerich Music Festival and Encounter in Beppu, Japan, since 1996.

Her aversion to the press and publicity has resulted in her remaining out of the limelight for most of her career. Nevertheless, she has been described as one of the greatest contemporary pianists.<ref name="Alex Ross New Yorker profile">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="2005 Tommasini review">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>In a 2001 article about Martha Argerich for The New Yorker, critic Alex Ross wrote: "Argerich brings to bear qualities that are seldom contained in one person: she is a pianist of brain-teasing technical agility; she is a charismatic woman with an enigmatic reputation; she is an unaffected interpreter whose native language is music. This last may be the quality that sets her apart. A lot of pianists play huge double octaves; a lot of pianists photograph well. But few have the unerring naturalness of phrasing that allows them to embody the music rather than interpret it."</ref> Her performance of Liszt's First Piano Concerto conducted by Daniel Barenboim at The Proms 2016 prompted this review in The Guardian: "It was an unforgettable performance. Argerich celebrated her 75th birthday in June this year, but that news doesn't seem to have reached her fingers. Her playing is still as dazzling, as frighteningly precise, as it has always been; her ability to spin gossamer threads of melody as matchless as ever. This was unmistakably and unashamedly Liszt in the grand manner, a bit old-fashioned and sometimes even a bit vulgar at times, but in this of all concertos, with Barenboim and the orchestra following each twist and turn, every little quickening and moment of expressive reflection, it seemed entirely appropriate".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Argerich returned to the Proms at the age of 78 in 2019 to perform Tchaikovsky's First Piano Concerto under the baton of Barenboim, a performance described as "mesmerizing".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Personal life

Argerich during a rehearsal with the orchestra for the final of the VII International Chopin Piano Competition, 1965

File:Martha Argerich presents herself in Tel Aviv.webm Argerich's first marriage was to composer-conductor Robert Chen (Template:Lang-zh),<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> with whom she had her first child (violinist Lyda Chen-Argerich).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The marriage was dissolved after several months, in 1964.<ref name="People1980" /> From 1969 to 1973, Argerich was married to Swiss conductor Charles Dutoit, with whom she had her second daughter, Annie Dutoit. Although they separated in 1973, Argerich and Dutoit continued to collaborate. In the 1970s, Argerich had a relationship with American pianist Stephen Kovacevich,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> with whom she had her third daughter, Stéphanie.<ref name="People1980">Template:Cite web</ref> Although they made few recordings together during their relationship, Argerich and Kovacevich still frequently perform together.<ref>Template:Cite AV media</ref> Stéphanie Argerich explains in her film Template:Ill that as her parents were not married, they tossed a coin to name their daughter, for which Argerich won the toss. Argerich brought her children up in a manner described by Annie Dutoit as "bohemian";<ref>Template:Cite AV media</ref> Argerich preferred her children to stay at home rather than go to school and regularly hosted young musicians in her home and practiced through the night.<ref name="Bloody Daughter" />

Argerich is a polyglot and can speak Spanish, French, Italian, German, English, and Portuguese.<ref>Template:Cite AV media</ref><ref>Template:Cite AV media</ref><ref>Template:Cite AV media</ref><ref>Template:Cite AV media</ref> Although her mother tongue is Spanish, she brought her children up speaking French.<ref name="Bloody Daughter" /> She has lived in Argentina, Belgium, Switzerland, and France, and holds citizenship for Switzerland and Argentina.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Argerich has never been connected to any political party.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> However, she stated in a 2019 interview that she is strongly against capital punishment and admires the French politician Robert Badinter, who enacted the abolition of the death penalty in France.<ref>Template:Cite AV media</ref> Her friend, the pianist Daniel Barenboim, stated that when he contacted the Argentine president Mauricio Macri in 2016, asking him to accept Syrian refugees into the country, it was also on behalf of Argerich.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Argerich advocated for a Russian pianist who was imprisoned after criticizing Vladimir Putin, and paid "tribute to an Israeli pianist being held hostage in Gaza".<ref name="v160">Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1990, Argerich was diagnosed with malignant melanoma. After treatment, the cancer went into remission, but it recurred in 1995 and metastasized to her lungs, pancreas, liver, brain, and lymph nodes. Following an experimental treatment at the John Wayne Cancer Institute in Santa Monica pioneered by oncologist Donald Morton, Argerich's cancer went into remission again. In gratitude, Argerich performed a recital at Carnegie Hall benefiting the institute.<ref>Toronto Globe and Mail, concert review, 28 March 2000</ref> Template:As of, Argerich remains cancer-free.<ref name="washingtonpost.com" /> In August 2023 she was forced to cancel several concerts in Germany and Switzerland due to an undisclosed illness.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Media

In 2002, director Template:Ill released Martha Argerich: Conversation nocturne (Martha Argerich: Evening Talks), a documentary film about Argerich.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Stéphanie Argerich Blagojevic, using film she had shot since childhood, directed a 2012 documentary film about her mother, titled Bloody Daughter.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In September 2025, an interview with Argerich appeared on the YouTube podcast fortissimo,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> hosted by young Swiss pianists Lucas Chiche and David Chen Argerich - the latter being Argerich's grandson.

Awards

See also

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Notes

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References

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