Marv Wolfman

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Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox comics creator Marvin Arthur Wolfman<ref name="INDUCKS">Template:Inducks author</ref> (born May 13, 1946)<ref name="CBG">Template:Cite web</ref> is an American comic book and novelization writer. He worked on Marvel Comics's The Tomb of Dracula (1972–1979), for which he and artist Gene Colan created the vampire-slayer Blade, and DC Comics's The New Teen Titans and the Crisis on Infinite Earths limited series with George Pérez.

Among the many characters Wolfman created or co-created are Cyborg, Raven, Starfire, Deathstroke, Tim Drake, Rose Wilson, Nova, Black Cat, Phobia, Bullseye, Vigilante (Adrian Chase), the Omega Men, and the Nightwing identity of Dick Grayson.

Early life

Marv Wolfman was born in Brooklyn, New York City, the son of police officer Abe and housewife Fay.<ref name=alterego112p3>Template:Cite news</ref> He has a sister, Harriet, 12 years older.<ref name=alterego112p3 /> When Wolfman was 13, his family moved to Flushing, Queens, in New York City, where he attended junior high school.<ref name=alterego112p5>Wolfman, Alter Ego No. 112, p. 5</ref> He went on to New York's High School of Art and Design, in Manhattan, hoping to become a cartoonist.<ref>"Bullpen Bulletins," Marvel Comics cover-dated August 1992.</ref> Wolfman is Jewish.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Career

1960s

Marvin Wolfman was active in fandom<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> before he began his professional comics career at DC Comics in 1968. Wolfman was one of the first to publish Stephen King, with "In A Half-World of Terror" in Wolfman's horror fanzine Stories of Suspense No. 2 (1965). This was a revised version of King's first published story, "I Was a Teenage Grave Robber", which had been serialized over four issues (three published and one unpublished) of the fanzine Comics Review that same year.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Wolfman's first published work for DC Comics appeared in Blackhawk No. 242 (Aug.–Sept. 1968).<ref name="GCD" /> He and longtime friend Len Wein created the character Jonny Double in Showcase No. 78 (November 1968) plotted by Wolfman and scripted by Joe Gill.<ref name="dc-ency">Template:Cite book</ref> The two co-wrote "Eye of the Beholder" in Teen Titans No. 18 (Dec. 1968), which would be Wein's first professional comics credit. Neal Adams was called upon to rewrite and redraw a Teen Titans story which had been written by Wein and Wolfman. The story, titled "Titans Fit the Battle of Jericho!", would have introduced DC's first African American superhero, but was rejected by publisher Carmine Infantino.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The revised story appeared in Teen Titans No. 20 (March–April 1969). Wolfman and Gil Kane created an origin for Wonder Girl in Teen Titans No. 22 (July–Aug. 1969) which introduced the character's new costume.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

1970s

He and artist Bernie Wrightson co-created Destiny in Weird Mystery Tales No. 1 (July–Aug. 1972), a character which would later be used in the work of Neil Gaiman.<ref>McAvennie "1970s" in Dolan, p. 152 "The host that was first presented in a framing sequence by scribe Marv Wolfman and artist Bernie Wrightson would provide endless creative material for Neil Gaiman's The Sandman series decades later."</ref>

In 1972, Wolfman moved to Marvel Comics as a protégé of then-editor Roy Thomas. When Thomas stepped down, Wolfman eventually took over as editor, initially in charge of the publisher's black-and-white magazines, then finally the color line of comics.<ref name="Cadigan">Cadigan, Glen "The New Teen Titans Start a Sensation" Titans Companion TwoMorrows Publishing 2005 Template:ISBN p. 93 Online version available at Google Books</ref> Wolfman said in 1981 that, "Marvel never gave [its] full commitment to" the black-and-white line. "No one wanted to commit themselves to the staff." He added, "We used to farm the books out to Harry Chester Studios [sic] and whatever they pasted up, they pasted up. I formed the first production staff, hired the first layout people, paste-up people."<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Wolfman stepped down as editor-in-chief to spend more time writing.<ref>"Marv is swapping our editor's chair for a full-time writing schedule here at the bullpen." Lee, Stan "Stan's Soapbox" Bullpen Bulletins Marvel Comics cover-dated September 1976.</ref>

He and artist Gene Colan crafted The Tomb of Dracula, a horror comic that became "one of the most Template:Sicacclaimed horror-themed comic books ever".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> During their run on this series, they created Blade,<ref>Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 160: "Early in their collaboration on The Tomb of Dracula, writer Marv Wolfman and artist Gene Colan co-created Blade, a black man who stalked and killed vampires with the wooden blades after which he named himself."</ref> a character who would later be portrayed by actor Wesley Snipes in a film trilogy. In addition, the editorship of Marvel could not resist the opportunity to assign a writer with such a surname to contribute a few stories to their concurrent monster title, Werewolf by Night, with a playful editor's comment: "At last -- WEREWOLF -- written by a WOLFMAN."<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Wolfman co-created Bullseye in Daredevil No. 131 (March 1976).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 175 "In March [1976], writer Marv Wolfman and artist Bob Brown co-created one of the Man Without Fear's greatest nemeses, Bullseye."</ref> He and artist John Buscema created Nova in that character's eponymous first issue.<ref>Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 176: "Seeking to create a new teenage Marvel super hero in the tradition of Spider-Man, writer Marv Wolfman and artist John Buscema presented Richard Rider, alias Nova."</ref> Wolfman and Gil Kane adapted Edgar Rice Burroughs' Barsoom concepts into comics in Marvel's John Carter, Warlord of Mars series.<ref>Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 179</ref> Wolfman wrote 14 issues of Marvel Two-in-One starting with issue No. 25 (March 1977).<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> The Spider-Woman series was launched in April 1978 by Wolfman and artist Carmine Infantino.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> As the first regular writer on Spider-Woman, he redesigned the character, giving her a human identity as Jessica Drew.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Wolfman succeeded Len Wein as writer of The Amazing Spider-Man and in his first issue, No. 182 (July 1978), had Peter Parker propose marriage to Mary Jane Watson who refused, in the following issue.<ref>Manning "1970s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 103: "As new regular writer Marv Wolfman took over the scripting duties from Len Wein and partnered with artist Ross Andru, Peter Parker decided to make a dramatic change in his personal life."</ref> Wolfman and Keith Pollard introduced the Black Cat (Felicia Hardy) in The Amazing Spider-Man No. 194 (July 1979).<ref>Manning "1970s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 107: "Spider-Man wasn't exactly sure what to think about his luck when he met a beautiful new thief on the prowl named the Black Cat, courtesy of a story by writer Marv Wolfman and artist Keith Pollard."</ref>

In 1978, Wolfman and artist Alan Kupperberg took over the Howard the Duck syndicated newspaper comic strip.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Lambiek">Template:Cite web</ref> While writing the Fantastic Four (which Wolfman stated to be his favorite comic),<ref>Archived at GhostarchiveTemplate:Cbignore and the Wayback MachineTemplate:Cbignore: Template:Cite webTemplate:Cbignore</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Wolfman and John Byrne introduced a new herald for Galactus named Terrax in No. 211 (Oct. 1979).<ref>Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 190: "Created by writer Marv Wolfman and artist John Byrne, Terrax would not only become a threat to the Fantastic Four but also Galactus himself."</ref> A Godzilla story by Wolfman and Steve Ditko was changed into a Dragon Lord story published in Marvel Spotlight vol. 2 No. 5 (March 1980).<ref>DeFalco, Tom "1980s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 197: "Tako Shamara became the Dragon Lord in Marvel Spotlight No. 5 by writer/editor Marv Wolfman and artist Steve Ditko."</ref> The creature that the Dragon Lord battled was intended to be Godzilla, but since Marvel no longer had the rights to the character, the creature was modified to a dragon called The Wani.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

1980s

The New Teen Titans

In 1980, Wolfman returned to DC after a dispute with Marvel.<ref name="Cadigan" /> Teaming with penciller George Pérez, Wolfman relaunched DC's Teen Titans in a special preview in DC Comics Presents No. 26 (October 1980).<ref>Manning, Matthew K. "1980s" in Dolan, p. 188 "[The New Teen Titans] went on to become DC's most popular comic team of its day. Not only the springboard for the following month's The New Teen Titans No. 1, the preview's momentous story also featured the first appearance of future DC mainstays Cyborg, Starfire, and Raven."</ref> The New Teen Titans added the Wolfman-Pérez creations Raven, Starfire, and Cyborg to the old team's Robin, Wonder Girl, Kid Flash, and Beast Boy (renamed Changeling). The series became DC's first new hit in years;<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Christopher J. Priest called Deathstroke, another new character, "the first modern supervillain".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Wolfman wrote a series of New Teen Titans drug awareness comic books which were published in cooperation with The President's Drug Awareness Campaign in 1983–1984. The first was pencilled by Pérez and sponsored by the Keebler Company,<ref>Template:Gcdb issue</ref> the second was illustrated by Ross Andru and underwritten by the American Soft Drink Industry,<ref>Template:Gcdb issue</ref> and the third was drawn by Adrian Gonzales and financed by IBM.<ref>Template:Gcdb issue</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In August 1984, Wolfman and Pérez launched a second The New Teen Titans series.<ref>Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 209: "As one of DC's most popular team books, The New Teen Titans was a natural choice to receive the deluxe paper quality and higher price point of the new Baxter format. With the regular newsstand title having already changed its name to Tales of the Teen Titans with issue No. 41, the path was clear for a new comic to once again be titled The New Teen Titans. Featuring the trademark writing of Marv Wolfman and the art of George Pérez, this second incarnation was a success from the start, providing readers with the perfect blend of high-quality paper with high-quality storytelling."</ref>

Other projects by Wolfman for DC during the early 1980s included collaborating with artist Gil Kane on a run on the Superman feature in Action Comics; a revival of Dial H for Hero<ref name="GCD">Template:Gcdb</ref><ref>Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 192 Legion of Super-Heroes No. 272 "Within a sixteen-page preview in Legion of Super-Heroes #272...was "Dial 'H' For Hero," a new feature that raised the bar on fan interaction in the creative process. The feature's story, written by Marv Wolfman, with art by Carmine Infantino, saw two high-school students find dials that turned them into super-heroes. Everything from the pair's civilian clothes to the heroes they became was created by fans writing in. his concept would continue in the feature's new regular spot within Adventure Comics."</ref> with Carmine Infantino; launching Night Force, a supernatural series drawn by Gene Colan;<ref>Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 197 The New Teen Titans No. 21 "[T]his issue...hid another dark secret: a sixteen-page preview comic featuring Marv Wolfman's newest team – Night Force. Chronicling the enterprise of the enigmatic Baron Winters and featuring the art of Gene Colan, Night Force spun out into an ongoing title of gothic mystery and horror the following month."</ref> and a nearly two-year run on Green Lantern with Joe Staton.<ref name="GCD" /> During their collaboration on that series, Wolfman and Staton created the Omega Men in Green Lantern No. 141 (June 1981).<ref>Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 193 Green Lantern No. 141 "DC's newest science-fiction franchise, a band of over one hundred aliens called the Omega Men." "They gave Green Lantern a run for his money in this issue written by Marv Wolfman, with art by Joe Staton, and the Omega Men went on to gain their own ongoing series in 1983."</ref> Wolfman briefly wrote Batman and co-created the Electrocutioner in issue No. 331 (Jan. 1981).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Wolfman was one of the contributors to the DC Challenge limited series in 1986.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

After Pérez left The New Teen Titans in 1985, Wolfman continued for many years with other collaborators – including pencillers José Luis García-López,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Eduardo Barreto and Tom Grummett. In December 1986, Wolfman was informed by Marvel writer Chris Claremont that a DC executive had approached Claremont at a holiday party and offered him the position of writer on The New Teen Titans.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Claremont immediately declined the offer and told Wolfman that apparently the publisher was looking to replace him on the title. When Wolfman confronted DC executives about this, he was told it was "just a joke", although Claremont reiterated that he took it to be a credible and official offer.

Crisis on Infinite Earths

In 1985, Wolfman and Pérez launched Crisis on Infinite Earths, a 12-issue limited series<ref>Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 213 "Comics didn't get any bigger than this. Crisis on Infinite Earths was a landmark limited series that redefined a universe. It was a twelve-issue maxiseries starring nearly every character in DC Comics fifty-year history and written and drawn by two of the industry's biggest name creative talents – writer Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez."</ref> celebrating DC's 50th anniversary. Featuring a cast of thousands and a timeline that ranged from the beginning of the universe to the end of time, it killed scores of characters, integrated a number of heroes from other companies to DC continuity, and re-wrote 50 years of DC universe history to streamline it. After finishing Crisis, Wolfman and Pérez produced the History of the DC Universe limited series to summarize the company's new history.<ref>Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 220: "In an effort to organize the status quo of the DC Universe after the events of the Crisis on Infinite Earths maxiseries, artist George Pérez and writer Marv Wolfman collaborated on a two-part prestige-format history of the DCU."</ref>

Wolfman was involved in the relaunch of the Superman line as well, reinventing nemesis Lex Luthor and initially scripting the Adventures of Superman title with Jerry Ordway as the artist. During this period they introduced Bibbo Bibbowski and Professor Emil Hamilton.<ref>Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 226 "The original Superman title had adopted the new title The Adventures of Superman but continued the original numbering of its long and storied history. Popular writer Marv Wolfman and artist Jerry Ordway handled the creative chores. ."</ref>

Ratings dispute

Wolfman got into a public dispute with DC over a proposed ratings system,<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> which led to his being relieved of his editorial duties by the company.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> DC offered to reinstate Wolfman as an editor provided he apologize for making his criticism of the ratings system public, rather than keeping them internal to the company, but he declined to do so.

1990s

Wolfman returned to the Dark Knight for another brief run on Batman and Detective Comics,<ref name="GCD" /> writing "Batman: Year Three",<ref>Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 240: "Written by Marv Wolfman and pencilled by Pat Broderick, the four-issue 'Year Three' saga introduced a young boy named Timothy Drake into a flashback sequence starring a young Dick Grayson and his parents."</ref> creating the third Robin, Tim Drake,<ref>Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 241: "With the pencils of [George] Pérez, Jim Aparo, and Tom Grummett, [Marv] Wolfman concocted the five-issue 'A Lonely Place of Dying'...In it, Tim Drake...earned his place as the new Robin."</ref> as well as Abattoir<ref>Manning "1990s" in Dougall (2014), p. 190: "Marv Wolfman and penciller Jim Aparo introduced serial killer Abattoir."</ref> and a new version of the Electrocutioner,<ref>Manning "1990s" in Dougall (2014), p. 191: "Marv Wolfman and artist Jim Aparo continued their run...by introducing the second villain to bear the name of the Electrocutioner."</ref> and writing an anniversary adaptation of the first ever Batman story, which was printed along with two other adaptations and the original.<ref>Manning "1990s" in Dougall (2014), p. 191</ref> He continued as The New Titans writer and revitalized the series with artist Tom Grummett.<ref>Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 249: "Writer Marv Wolfman had revitalized the Titans franchise yet again, with the help of his new creative partner, artist Tom Grummett."</ref> Wolfman wrote the series until the title's last issue.<ref name="GCD" /> Wolfman's writing for comics decreased as he turned to animation and television, though he wrote the mid-1990s DC series The Man Called A-X.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Disney career

In the early-1990s, Wolfman worked at Disney Comics. He wrote scripts for a seven-part DuckTales story ("Scrooge's Quest"),<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> as well as several others – with the characters from the Mickey Mouse universe – that appeared in Mickey Mouse Adventures.<ref name="INDUCKS" /> He was editor of the comics section on the Disney Adventures magazine for the early years of the publication.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Marvel lawsuit

In 1997, on the eve of the impending release of the Blade motion picture, Wolfman sued Marvel Characters Inc. over ownership of all characters he had created for Marvel Comics.<ref name="tcj239">Template:Cite news</ref> A ruling in Marvel's favor was handed down on November 6, 2000.<ref name="tcj239" /> Wolfman's stance was that he had not signed work-for-hire contracts when he created characters including Blade and Nova. In a nonjury trial, the judge ruled that Marvel's later use of the characters was sufficiently different to protect it from Wolfman's claim of copyright ownership.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Beast Machines

In the late 1990s, Wolfman developed the Transformers TV series Beast Machines, which aired on Fox Kids for two seasons from 1999 to 2000. The program was a direct continuation of the Beast Wars series, which itself was a continuation of the original Generation One Transformers series. Beast Machines was met with mixed reviews, as the show was praised for its story, but was criticized for its focus on spirituality. Previously, in the 1980s, Wolfman wrote the story for Optimus Prime's return in "The Return of Optimus Prime" of the third season of Transformers.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

2000s

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Wolfman in 2007

A decade later, Wolfman began writing in comics again, scripting Defex, the flagship title of Devil's Due Productions' Aftermath line. He wrote an "Infinite Crisis" issue of DC's "Secret Files", and consulted with writer Geoff Johns on several issues of The Teen Titans. Wolfman wrote a novel based on Crisis on Infinite Earths, but rather than following the original plot, he created a new story starring the Barry Allen Flash that takes place during the original Crisis story. Wolfman wrote the novelization of the film Superman Returns, and worked on a direct-to-video animated film, The Condor, for Stan Lee's Pow Entertainment.<ref name="Epstein">Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2006, Wolfman was editorial director of Impact Comics (no relation to the DC Comics imprint), publisher of educational manga-style comics for high school students. That same year, starting with issue No. 125, Wolfman began writing DC's Nightwing series. Initially scheduled for a four-issue run, Wolfman's run was expanded to 13 issues, and finished with No. 137. During the course of his run, Wolfman introduced a new Vigilante character. Following Wolfman's departure from the pages of Nightwing, the Vigilante was spun off into his own short-lived title, which Wolfman wrote. He wrote a miniseries starring the Teen Titan Raven, a character he and George Pérez co-created during their run on The New Teen Titans, helping to revamp and update the character. He worked with Pérez on a direct-to-DVD movie adaptation of the popular storyline "The Judas Contract" from their tenure on Teen Titans.<ref name="Epstein" />

2010s

In 2011, he and Pérez completed the New Teen Titans: Games graphic novel, which they had begun working on in the late 1980s.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Wolfman revived his Night Force series with artist Tom Mandrake in 2012.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He served as writing consultant on the video game Epic Mickey 2: The Power of Two, which he was nominated for a Writers Guild of America Award for Outstanding Achievement in Videogame Writing.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2015, Wolfman wrote a novelization of the video game Batman: Arkham Knight.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> And in 2016 he published the novelization of the Suicide Squad film through Titan Books.<ref>Suicide Squad: The Official Movie Novelization In: titanbooks.com. Retrieved 30 December 2016.</ref> He received the Hero Initiative Lifetime Achievement Award in 2017. That year also marked Wolfman's first work for Marvel since 1998: a backup story for Bullseye #1, starring the titular character that he had co-created in 1976. In 2019, he wrote the main story for the DC Primal Age 100-Page Giant.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Also in 2019, DC published the oversized, 100-page comic book Man and Superman, Marv Wolfman's retelling of Superman's origin story, to high acclaim.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

2020s

On the occasion of the Crisis on Infinite Earths Arrowverse crossover, Marv Wolfman co-wrote an episode of The CW series Arrow with Marc Guggenheim that aired in January 2020.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He also made a cameo appearance in the crossover finale in an episode of Legends of Tomorrow.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2021, Wolfman and George Pérez voiced caricatures of themselves in two episodes of Teen Titans Go!.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2023, Wolfman returned to Marvel Comics for the oneshot What If...? Dark: Tomb of Dracula featuring his character Blade.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In April 2024, Wolfman wrote the final two pages of the landmark 300th issue of Nightwing.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Writing credit pioneer

Wolfman, on the panel "Marvel Comics: The Method and the Madness" at the 1974 New York City Comic Art Convention, told the audience that when he first began working for DC Comics, he received DC's first writing credit on its mystery magazines. Gerry Conway, who wrote the horror-host interstitial pages between stories, wrote in one issue, House of Secrets Vol. 1 Issue 83, that the following story, "The Stuff that Dreams are Made of" was told to him by a "wandering Wolfman." The Comics Code Authority, which did not permit the mention of werewolves or wolfmen at that time, demanded it be removed. DC informed the Authority that "Wolfman" was the writer's last name, so the Authority insisted he be given a credit to show the "Wolfman" was a real person. Once Wolfman was given a credit, other writers demanded them as well. Shortly, credits were given to all writers and artists.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Personal life

Wolfman is married to Noel Watkins. Wolfman was previously married to Michele Wolfman, for many years a colorist in the comics industry. They have a daughter, Jessica Morgan.<ref>"Wolfman, Marv. "Confessions of a Comic Book Writer," Spider-Woman No. 1 (April 1978).</ref>

Awards

Filmography

Screenwriting credits

(series head writer denoted in bold)

Video games

Acting credits

Year Title Role Notes
2020 Legends of Tomorrow<ref name="Legends of Tomorrow">Template:Cite web</ref> Autograph Seeker Marv Episode: "Crisis on Infinite Earths: Part Five" (S5 special episode)
2021 Teen Titans Go! Himself Episode: "Marv Wolfman and George Pérez"

Bibliography

Bongo Comics

Chaos Comics

Dark Horse Comics

DC Comics

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WildStorm

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Devil's Due Publications

  • Defex #1–6 (2004–2005)

Disney Comics

Eclipse Comics

First Comics

  • Sable #1–7, 9–10, 12–23 (1988–1990)

Gladstone Publishing

IDW Publishing

  • Gene Pool OGN (with Len Wein) (2003)

Image Comics

Malibu Comics

  • Codename: Firearm #0, 2, 4–5 (1995)
  • Man Called A-X #1–4, #0 (1994–1995)
  • Ultraforce #8–9 (1995)
  • Ultraforce/Spider-Man #1A-B (1996)
  • Witch #1 (1989)

Marvel Comics

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Epic Comics

  • The Tomb of Dracula vol. 3 #1–4 (1991–1992)

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Moonstone

Nachshon Press

  • Homeland OGN (2007)

Now Comics

  • Mirror Walker #1 (1989)

Renaissance Press

  • The Forbidden Book Vol. 1 (2001)

S.Q.P. Inc.

  • Phase #1 (1971)

Skywald Publications

TSR, Inc.

  • R.I.P. #1–2, 4 (1990)

Zenescope

  • Mankind: The Story of All of Us Vol. 1 (2012)

References

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Further reading

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