Maykop
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates{{#invoke:other uses|otheruses}} Template:Infobox Russian inhabited locality MaykopTemplate:Efn is the capital city of Adygea, Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River. It borders Maykopsky District, from which it is administratively and municipally independent, to the east and south; Giaginsky District to the north, and Belorechensky District of Krasnodar Krai to the west.
Population: Template:Ru-censusTemplate:Historical populations
History
The city gave its name to the early Bronze Age Maykop culture after the discovery of a royal burial site there in 1897.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Following the establishment of a military camp in 1825,<ref> Template:Cite book </ref> the Imperial Russian Army built a military fort at Maykop in 1857.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
In 1910 oil deposits were discovered in the vicinity of Maykop.<ref> Template:Cite encyclopedia </ref> The city was the administrative center of the Maykopsky Otdel of the Kuban Oblast.
In 1936, Maykop and the surrounding region merged with Adyghe Autonomous Oblast and became the administrative centre of the autonomy. The Wehrmacht occupied Maykop on 10 August 1942 without a fight as a result of a commando operation by the Brandenburgers during the Battle of the Caucasus. German attempts to re-start oil production in the scorched-earth area proved only minimally successful. On 29 January 1943, the Transcaucasian Front of the Red Army re-took the town.<ref>Освобождение городов</ref>
Since 1991 Maykop has served as the capital of the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation.
Economy
The discovery of extensive underground oil reserves has made Maykop a major centre for oil extraction for the Soviet Union and, subsequently, Russia. Other economically important sectors are food processing and the timber industry.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with eight rural localities, incorporated as Maykop Republican Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.<ref name="Ref1">Law #171</ref> It has the following rural localities under its jurisdiction:<ref name="Mun">Law #223</ref>
- khutor of Gaverdovsky
- stanitsa of Khanskaya
- khutor of Kosinov
- settlement of Podgorny
- settlement of Rodnikovy
- settlement of Severny
- khutor of Vesyoly
- settlement of Zapadny
As a municipal division, Maykop Republican Urban Okrug is incorporated as Maykop Urban Okrug.<ref name="Ref1m">Law #171 stipulates that the borders of the republican urban okrugs are identical to those of the municipal urban okrugs.</ref>
Ethnic groups
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Ethnic groups in Maykop (2010):<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
| Ethnicity | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Russians | 96 119 | 71,29% |
| Adyghe | 26 584 | 18,19% |
| Armenians | 4 085 | 3,03% |
| Ukrainians | 2 537 | 1,88% |
| Cherkess | 1 812 | 1,34% |
| Tatars | 895 | 0,66% |
| Belarusians | 530 | 0,39% |
| Chechens | 448 | 0,33% |
| Azerbaijanis | 339 | 0,25% |
| Caucasus Greeks | 312 | 0,23% |
| Kabardians | 246 | 0,18% |
| Georgians | 241 | 0,18% |
| Germans | 235 | 0,17% |
| Romani | 201 | 0,15% |
| Ingush | 155 | 0,11% |
| Ossetians | 152 | 0,11% |
| Abkhaz | 136 | 0,10% |
| Uzbeks | 102 | 0,08% |
| Others | 1 757 | 1,30% |
Ethnic groups in Maykop (2020):<ref name="ВПН2020">Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года. Том 5. Национальный состав и владение языками. Таблица 1. Национальный состав населения</ref>
| Ethnicity | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Russians | 84 913 | 59,22% |
| Adyghe | 20 339 | 14,18% |
| Cherkess | 5 750 | 4,01% |
| Armenians | 3 242 | 2,26% |
| Ukrainians | 925 | 0,65% |
| Tatars | 556 | 0,39% |
| Turkmens | 461 | 0,32% |
| Chechens | 363 | 0,25% |
| Azerbaijanis | 302 | 0,21% |
| Others | 26 534 | 18,31% |
Education
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Maykop is home to the Adyghe State University and Maykop State Technological University. There are also several facilities of professional education in Maykop. There are many schools. For example, Adyghe Republican Gymnasium which is located near the mosque, the theatre and the park of friendship. It has 11 grades. There are many rules: students must wear a uniform, girls must have pony tails or braids. The school has five buildings. There is a sports hall where students play basketball and volleyball. There is also a football pitch where boys play football. A canteen is a separate building.
Geography
Climate
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Maykop lies within the humid subtropical climate zone (Cfa), according to the Köppen climate classification, or just within the humid continental climate (Dfa) zone according to the Template:Convert isotherm.
Template:Weather box Template:Weather box
February 15, 2010 saw Maykop record the absolute maximum for any winter month in Russia: Template:Convert.Template:Citation needed
Military
On the south side of the city, alongside the Belaya River is the military complex housing the 131st Motor Rifle Brigade of the Southern Military District of the Russian Armed Forces which took part in the First Chechen War.
Notable people
- Nikita Kucherov, professional ice hockey player
- Anton Nemkin, politician, entrepreneur and racing driver
Notes
References
Sources
Template:WikivoyageTemplate:Republic of Adygea Template:Rural localities in Maykop Federal City Template:Russian republics capitals Template:List of European capitals by region Template:Authority control