Michael Whelan

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Michael Whelan (born June 29, 1950)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> is an American artist of imaginative realism. For more than 30 years, he worked as an illustrator, specializing in science fiction and fantasy cover art.<ref name=isfdb/> Since the mid-1990s, he has pursued a fine art career, selling non-commissioned paintings through galleries in the United States and through his website.

The Science Fiction Hall of Fame inducted Whelan in June 2009, the first living artist so honored.<ref name=sfhof2009/><ref>Press Release: Michael Named 2009 Inductee to SF Hall of Fame Template:Webarchive (2009-04-01). News & Events. Michael Whelan. Retrieved 2011-07-25. </ref> According to his Hall of Fame citation<ref name=hof-whelan/>

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Michael Whelan is one of the most important contemporary science fiction and fantasy artists, and certainly the most popular. His work was a dominant force in the transition of genre book covers away from the surrealism introduced in the 1950s and 1960s back to realism.{{#if:|

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His paintings have appeared on the covers of more than 350 books and magazines, including many Stephen King novels, most of the Del Rey editions of Anne McCaffrey's Dragonriders of Pern series, Piers Anthony's Incarnations of Immortality series, the Del Rey edition of Edgar Rice Burroughs' Mars series, Melanie Rawn's Dragon Prince and Dragon Star series, the Del Rey editions of H. P. Lovecraft's short story collections, the Grand Master edition of Ray Bradbury's fix-up novel The Martian Chronicles, DAW editions of Michael Moorcock's Elric of Melniboné books, numerous DAW editions of C. J. Cherryh's work, many of Robert A. Heinlein's novels including Friday and The Cat Who Walks Through Walls, the Ace editions of H. Beam Piper's Fuzzy novels, and Tad Williams's Memory, Sorrow, and Thorn, Otherland, and Shadowmarch series and Brandon Sanderson's The Stormlight Archive. Whelan provided covers and interior illustrations for Stephen King's The Gunslinger and The Dark Tower, the first and last of his Dark Tower books.<ref name=isfdb />

Cover art by Michael Whelan has graced many music record albums. These include Demolition Hammer's Epidemic of Violence, The Jacksons' Victory; Sepultura's Beneath the Remains, Arise, Chaos A.D. and Roots; Soulfly's Dark Ages; Obituary's Cause of Death; and every album by the Elric-influenced metal band Cirith Ungol. He painted original works for the covers of Meat Loaf's Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell and The Very Best of Meat Loaf albums and several of his older paintings illustrate the liner notes of the former. In 2009, he painted the cover art for thrash metal band Evile's album Infected Nations.

Biography

Michael Whelan was born in Culver City, California, the son of William and Nancy Whelan. As a child, he had a nomadic existence, moving nearly every other year, as the family followed his father's career in the aerospace industry. So he attended eight elementary schools, three junior high schools and four high schools, and often lived for a summer in other locations. He grew up in Colorado, several cities along the California coast, and in New Mexico, near the White Sands Missile Range. Whelan's time near White Sands and Vandenberg Air Force Base proved a lasting influence; in a 2000 interview, he noted that "living near to missile launching sites and Air Force bases had an impact. It was always thrilling to watch them go up ... and sometimes blow up."<ref>AudioBookCafe.com. Template:Webarchive</ref>

By the time he was a sophomore in high school, his family had moved to Denver, Colorado. There he began formal training in art, taking summer classes at the Rocky Mountain College of Art and Design when he was 15.<ref name=IASFM1978>"Michael Whelan", by Ginger Kaderabek, in Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine; September/October 1978; p 30-34</ref>

Whelan continued school as a pre-medical biology major at San José State University, initially. There he worked in the Anatomy and Physiology Department, gaining a first-hand knowledge of human anatomy. He says that his job "involved all sorts of tasks related to the anatomy department, such as preparing cadavers for the classes, stringing bones together to make complete skeletons, making models of body parts, some medical illustration, etc."<ref name=delos />

After graduating from San José State University in 1973 with a BA in Painting (as a "President's Scholar"), Whelan studied at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, California for nine months from 1973 to 1974. In 1974, Whelan exhibited his work at the World Science Fiction Convention in Washington, D.C., where it was seen by Thomas Schlück, who first discovered his work and contracted to use it in European publications shortly afterwards. Donald A. Wollheim of DAW Books gave him his first American professional assignment—the cover painting and frontispiece drawing for Lin Carter's fantasy novel, The Enchantress of World's End (May 1975).<ref name=isfdb/>

Shortly after arriving on the East Coast he exhibited some of his student work in the Lunacon convention art show in New York, where it was seen by Harlan Ellison. Ellison obtained the first magazine assignment for him, illustrating Ellison's story "Croatoan" which appeared in Gallery magazine in June 1975. At Lunacon Michael also met Rick Bryant, who subsequently introduced him to Neal Adams. Adams called the art director of Ace Books and paved the way for his first assignment at Ace. In 1975, Whelan painted the cover illustrations for ten books, eight from DAW and two Ace reprints of early Darkover novels by Marion Zimmer Bradley.<ref name=isfdb/>

Whelan soon gained a reputation as a talented, imaginative, and dependable cover artist, working for science fiction and fantasy publishers such as DAW, Del Rey, and Ace. Whelan credits the 1978 publication of Anne McCaffrey's best-selling The White Dragon featuring his cover art as a turning point in his career.<ref>FAQ: Illustration: Early Years Template:Webarchive. Michael Whelan. Retrieved July 25, 2011.</ref> The SF Hall of Fame agrees.<ref name=hof-whelan/>

Whelan won his first Hugo Award for Best Professional Artist in 1980 at the World Science Fiction Convention in Boston. He went on to win the next Hugos, and at the 50th Worldcon in 1992 was voted the best professional artist of the last 50 years. As of 2010, he has won fifteen Hugo Awards.<ref name=SFAwards/>

When commissioned, Whelan made a practice of reading the entire book that he sought to illustrate, usually twice. "I try to let the book I'm illustrating determine the approach and subject matter," he stated.<ref name=delos>An interview with Michael Whelan Template:Webarchive (1997?). Maurizio Manzieri. Delos International. Address confirmed July 25, 2011.</ref> Fantasist Michael Moorcock wrote of Whelan, "I am more than usually grateful for an artist who not only depicts him [Elric] as I imagine (and describe him) but who also manages to capture some of the appropriate atmosphere" (Wonderworks, p. 36). Science fiction writer Anne McCaffrey praised him, declaring, "Fortunate indeed is the author who has Michael Whelan for an illustrator" (Wonderworks, p. 55).

Whelan illustrated the cover for Meat Loaf's 1993 album Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell. He also provided several illustrations for the insert booklet, which were also used for the single releases such as "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)". Larger versions of his artwork were featured in the album's 2002 special edition release. He has since gone on to paint album cover artwork for many other recording artists, from Michael Jackson to Sepultura to Jonn Serrie.

In the early 1990s, Whelan devoted his time to personal visions and gallery works. In 1997, he held his first one-man art show at Tree's Place in Orleans, Massachusetts. Its success led to another in 1999 and his eventual semi-retirement from illustration.<ref name=in-conversation-1997/> Over the past two decades, many of Whelan's gallery pieces found their way into published projects, including the SPECTRUM art annuals.

Whelan has returned to illustrate several major book covers during his semi-retirement, including the last book of Stephen King's Dark Tower series, the final volume of Robert Jordan's The Wheel of Time, covers for The Last King of Osten Ard series by Tad Williams, and the first arc of The Stormlight Archive by Brandon Sanderson. In 2015, The Stephen King Companion: Four Decades of Fear from the Master of Horror, which feature Whelan's illustrations, was published by St. Martin's Press.

In 2024, Whelan announced in an interview that the cover for Wind and Truth would be the last assignment of his illustration career.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Whelan has two children, including Adrian Price-Whelan.<ref name=solstice-bio />

Honors

File:MWHOFBLOCK.jpg
Michael Whelan commemorative block in the Science Fiction Hall of Fame

Whelan's honors and awards include:

  • Fifteen Hugo Awards, including:<ref name=SFAwards/>
    • Thirteen for Best Professional Artist (1980–1986, 1988–1989, 1991–1992, 2000, and 2002)
    • One for Best Original Artwork for The Summer Queen (1992)
    • One for Best Nonfiction Book (Michael Whelan's Works of Wonder)
  • Three World Fantasy Awards for Best Artist (1981, 1982, & 1983)<ref name=SFAwards/>
  • World Fantasy Award—Life Achievement for outstanding service to the fantasy field presented at World Fantasy Convention in 2025<ref name=wfa-lifetime-achievement/>
  • The readers of Locus magazine, the #1 professional and fan resource publication for the fantasy and science fiction genre, have awarded Whelan "Best Professional Artist" 31 times in their annual poll.<ref name=SFAwards/><ref name=Locus-awards/><ref name=Locus-awards-2014/><ref name=Locus-awards-2016/>
  • Twelve Chesley Awards from the Association of Science Fiction & Fantasy Artists (ASFA)<ref name=SFAwards/>
  • Inducted by the Science Fiction Hall of Fame, June 2009—the first living artist to have been inducted<ref name=sfhof2009/><ref name=hof-whelan/><ref name=hof-press-rel/>
  • The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America Solstice Award in 2011 for "his significant impact on the science fiction and fantasy landscape"<ref name=sfwa-solstice/><ref name=solstice-bio/>

Published art collections

References

<references>

<ref name=isfdb> Template:ISFDB name (ISFDB). Retrieved April 8, 2013.</ref> <ref name=in-conversation-1997> "Michael Whelan in Conversation 1997". An interview with Michael Whelan.</ref>

<ref name=sfhof2009>Template:Cite web . Press release 2009(?). Experience Music Project and Science Fiction Museum and Hall of Fame (empsfm.org). Archived August 14, 2009. Retrieved 2013-03-19.</ref> <ref name=hof-whelan> Template:Sfhof. Archived July 22, 2012. Retrieved 2013-03-20.</ref> <ref name=SFAwards> "Whelan, Michael" Template:Webarchive. The Locus Index to SF Awards: Index of Art Nominees. Locus Publications. Retrieved July 25, 2011.</ref> <ref name=Locus-awards> "Locus Awards 2013" News & Events. Michael Whelan.</ref> <ref name=Locus-awards-2014> "2014 Locus Awards Winners" Locus Publications. Retrieved June 28, 2014.</ref> <ref name=Locus-awards-2016> "2016 Locus Awards Winners" Locus Publications.</ref> <ref name=hof-press-rel> "SF Hall of Fame" News & Events. Michael Whelan.</ref> <ref name=sfwa-solstice> "Solstice Award" News & Events. Michael Whelan.</ref> <ref name=solstice-bio> "In-depth Biography" 2008-present. Michael Whelan.</ref> <ref name=wfa-lifetime-achievement> "2025 World Fantasy Awards Finalists" Locus Publications</ref>

</references>

Sources

  • The Demon of Scattery (1979) (by Poul Anderson, and Mildred Downey Broxon, illustrated by Alicia Austin)Template:Clarify
  • Locus, "Michael Whelan: Breathing Space", January 1993.
  • Infinite Worlds: The Fantastic Visions of Science Fiction Art, Vincent Di Fate (author), Template:ISBN
  • The Biographical Dictionary of SF & Fantasy Artists, Robt. Weinberg, ed., 1988
  • "Michael Whelan: Leap of Faith", by Karen Haber, Realms of Fantasy magazine, October 2001
  • The Christian Science Monitor, February 15, 1990
  • ARTFORUM International Magazine, September 1998 article, "Wonder Bred", by Bruce Wagner
  • Starlog, November 1985, "The 100 Most Important People in Science Fiction"
  • Infinite Worlds: The Fantastic Visions of Science Fiction Art, Vincent Di Fate (author), Template:ISBN
  • Chicago Sun-Times, October 1993
  • The Mammoth Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, edited by George Mann, Template:ISBN
  • The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, 1978, consultant editor: Robert Holdstock
  • The New Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (1988), edited by James Gunn, Template:ISBN
  • The Frank Collection (1999), edited by Jane and Howard Frank, Template:ISBN
  • The Chesley Awards: A Retrospective (2003), by John Grant and Elizabeth Humphrey, with Pamela D. Scoville Template:ISBN

Further reading

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