Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport
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Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport Template:Airport codes (Template:IPA) is an international airport serving the city of Kolkata and the Kolkata metropolitan area, the capital metropolis of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the primary aviation hub for eastern and northeastern India. It is located in Dum Dum and in proximity to Jessore Road, approximately Template:Convert from Dalhousie Square and Howrah Junction via the Howrah Bridge. The airport was originally known as Dum Dum Airport before being renamed in 1995 after Subhas Chandra Bose, one of the most prominent leaders of the Indian independence movement. The airport's IATA code CCU is associated with "Calcutta", the former legal name of the city. Opened in 1924, the airport is one of the oldest airports in India.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Spread over an area of Template:Convert, the airport is the largest hub for air traffic in the eastern part of the country and one of the four operational airports in the state, the others being Bagdogra Airport in Siliguri, Cooch Behar Airport in Cooch Behar and Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport in Durgapur. The airport handled around 22 million passengers in the financial year 2024–25, making it the sixth-busiest airport in India in terms of passenger traffic, after Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad and Chennai airports.<ref name="AAI3"/> The airport is also a major centre for flights to northeast India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Southeast Asia and the Middle Eastern cities of Dubai, Doha and Abu Dhabi.
History
Early history
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport was founded in the early 1900s as the Calcutta Aerodrome.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The airport traditionally served as a strategic stopover on the air route from North America and Europe to Indochina and Australia.Template:Citation needed Dakota 3 was the first aircraft to land in the airport.<ref name=":7" /> In 1924, KLM began scheduled stops at Calcutta, as part of their Amsterdam to Batavia (Jakarta) route.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":9">Template:Cite web</ref> The same year, a Royal Air Force aircraft landed in Calcutta as part of the first round-the-world expedition by any air force.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":10">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":11">Template:Cite web</ref>
The airport began as an open ground next to the Royal Artillery Armoury in Dum Dum.<ref name=":11" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Sir Stanley Jackson, Governor of Bengal, opened the Bengal Flying Club at Dum Dum/Calcutta aerodrome in February 1929.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1930, the airfield was made fit for use throughout the year,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and other airlines began to utilise the airport. Air Orient began scheduled stops as part of a Paris to Saigon route<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and Imperial Airways began flights from London to Australia via Calcutta in 1933, thus drew many airlines to Calcutta Airport.<ref name=":9" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Many pioneering flights passed through the airport, including Amelia Earhart's in 1937.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Calcutta played an important role in the Second World War. In 1942, the United States Army Air Forces 7th Bombardment Group flew B-24 Liberator bombers from the airport on combat missions over Burma. The airfield was used as a cargo aerial port for the Air Transport Command and was also used as a communication centre for the Tenth Air Force.<ref>Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. Template:ISBN.</ref><ref name=":11" />
Post-independence
Passenger services grew after the Second World War. Calcutta became a destination for the world's first jet-powered passenger aircraft, the de Havilland Comet, on a British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) route to London.<ref name=":10" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Furthermore, in 1964 Indian Airlines introduced the first Indian domestic jet service, using Caravelle jets on the Calcutta–Delhi route.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Between the 1940s and 1960s, the airport was served by several major airlines including Aeroflot,<ref name="timetableimages">Template:Cite web</ref> Air France,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Alitalia,<ref name="timetableimages2">Template:Cite web</ref> Cathay Pacific,<ref name="timetableimages3">Template:Cite web</ref> Japan Airlines,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Philippine Airlines,<ref name="timetableimages4">Template:Cite web</ref> KLM,<ref name="timetableimages7">Template:Cite web</ref> Lufthansa,<ref name="timetableimages6">Template:Cite web</ref> Pan Am,<ref name="timetableimages5">Template:Cite web</ref> Qantas,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Swissair,<ref name="timetableimages7"/> and SAS.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Due to the introduction of longer-haul aircraft and the poor political climate of Calcutta during the 1960s and also during the year 1971, several airlines discontinued their service to the airport. The 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War saw a large increase of both refugees and disease in Calcutta, causing more airlines to cease services to the city. In 1975, the airport opened the first dedicated cargo terminal in India.
The 1990s saw new growth for Calcutta Airport, as the Indian aviation industry saw the arrival of new airlines such as Jet Airways and Air Sahara. A new domestic terminal named Terminal 2 was opened in 1995 making the international one Terminal 1, and the airport was renamed in honour of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. In 2000, a new international arrival hall was opened.<ref name=":7">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":8">Template:Cite web</ref>
Modernisation
The year 2005 saw the growth of low-cost carriers in the Indian aviation sector, with new airlines including SpiceJet, IndiGo, and Kingfisher Airlines. This led to a dramatic rise in passenger numbers at the airport. Overcrowding in both terminals led to the implementation of a comprehensive modernisation plan for the airport.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Work included an expansion of runway 01L/19R, rapid-exit taxiways and parking bays. The runway was extended by Template:Convert (2790 metres to 3190 metres) on the northern side and Template:Convert on the southern side and was fitted with CAT-I facilities for night use. A 119-year-old mosque that lies 30 metres from the runway' northern end prohibits further expansion in this direction.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The longer runway, 01R/19L, was upgraded from CAT-I to CAT-II ILS status to allow landings in poor visibility. In August 2014, it was announced that the instrument landing system of the primary runway would be upgraded to CAT-IIIb. This allows flights to operate till visibility drops below 50 metres. The secondary runway would be upgraded to CAT-II. The Template:INRConvert upgrading work started in February 2015<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and was completed in January 2018.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
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The modernisation plan included some improvements of the airport's existing terminals, including the addition of extra ticketing counters, check-in kiosks, and cafes to the domestic terminal in 2009. However, the need to replace the airport's terminals entirely led to plans for a new integrated terminal, known as T2 to differentiate it from the older domestic block, to serve both international and domestic destinations. A Thai-based company, the Italian-Thai Development (ITD) Corporation (ITD-ITDCem JV, a consortium of ITD and ITD Cementation) and the 125-year-old iconic Project Management Consultant–Parsons Brinckerhoff (PB) was hired with Delhi-based designer Sikka Associates Architects to construct the building. Construction commenced in November 2008, and T2 was inaugurated on 20 January 2013 after overshooting the previous deadlines of July 2011 and August 2012.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The former airport hotel 'Ashok' was demolished to give way for two new five-star luxury hotels and a shopping mall in its place.<ref name=":8" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Commercial operations were intended to start on 23 January 2013, the 116th birth anniversary of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> However, the shift to the new terminal was only completed on 16 March 2013.<ref name=":6">Template:Cite web</ref> Airports Council International named it the best improved airport in the Asia-Pacific region in 2014 and 2015.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Infrastructure
Runways
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport has two parallel runways, the primary runway 01R/19L has a capacity of approximately 35 flights per hour and the secondary runway 01L/19R has a capacity of 15 flights per hour. The secondary runway is usually used as a taxiway when the main runway is used. When the primary runway is shut down for maintenance purposes, the secondary runway is used.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The secondary runway was expected to undergo a recarpeting under a Template:INRConvert project in 2025.<ref name=":18">Template:Cite news</ref> By September 2025, the improvements have enhanced the operating capacity of the airport to 35 to 40 flights per hour.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
| Runway number | Length | Width | Approach lights/ILS |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01L/19R | Template:Convert | Template:Convert | CAT I / CAT II |
| 01R/19L | Template:Convert | Template:Convert | CAT III-B / CAT II |
Hangars and ground services
Air India operates hangars at the airport, while Bharat Petroleum and Indian Oil act as fuellers. Catering facilities are owned by Taj-Sats and Oberoi Flight Services.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Terminals
The airport's new integrated terminal T2 is spread over Template:Convert and can handle 25 million passengers annually, compared to the previous terminal T1's capacity of five million. The terminal is an L-shaped structure, containing six levels. It contains 128 check-in counters that utilise CUTE (Common User Terminal Equipment) technology and has 78 immigration counters and twelve customs counters.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The terminal was developed in a project worth Template:INRConvert.<ref name=":17">Template:Cite web</ref> Passenger lounges are provided by Air India. The terminal is equipped with 18 aerobridges and a further 57 remote parking bays. There are plans to construct an 18-foot bronze statue of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose in the integrated terminal complex.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Kolkata's old international and domestic terminals closed permanently when the integrated terminal opened. However, there were plans to renovate the old international terminal to be used for future hajj services, while the domestic terminal could be used by regional airlines. An earlier proposal of continuing low-cost carrier operations from the existing domestic terminal has been shelved due to the need to fully utilise the new integrated terminal's capacity, making it the first airport in India to shift even its low-cost domestic airlines to the new integrated building upon completion.<ref name=":6" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> However, the old terminal will be replaced by a new terminal T3 to increase the overall capacity.<ref name=":12">Template:Cite news</ref>
In the financial year from April 2011 to March 2012, Kolkata Airport served 10.3 million passengers, 85% of which travelled domestically.<ref name="anna.aero">Template:Cite news</ref> The withdrawal of Lufthansa's service to Frankfurt in March 2012 left Kolkata with no direct connections beyond Asia.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> However, other international operations increased in 2012.<ref name="anna.aero"/> The new terminal has attracted some airlines to expand their route networks to include Kolkata.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In September 2012, the Airports Authority of India upgraded the airport's cargo-handling capacity, enabling it to cater for the demand until 2015–16. There has been a 25 per cent growth in international cargo movement to and from Kolkata Airport and a 15 per cent increase in outward transit. Automobile parts accounted for the bulk of the growth in the movement of cargo from the city to other countries. In November 2008 the first Centre for Perishable Cargo (CPC) in West Bengal was opened at the airport. The CPC has an area of Template:Convert and an annual storage capacity of 12,000 million tonnes. The CPC had been undergoing trials that started in June 2008 and were built with a Template:INRConvert grant-in-aid from the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) part of the Commerce Ministry.<ref>A Freshnews article about the Perishable Cargo centre Template:Webarchive</ref> The volume of export was 21,683 tonnes in 2008–09, during the current fiscal more than 23,042 tonnes of cargo were handled by the airport. Similarly, the volume of import cargo increased from 16,863 tonnes to 18,733 tonnes, increasing over ten per cent during the same period. However, in 2008–09 the total volume of cargo handled by the airport declined by 4.8% from the previous year.
On 3 June 2019, Singapore Airlines operated the Airport's maiden Airbus A350 service from Singapore to Kolkata, enhancing the weekly seat capacity.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Gallery of the Integrated Terminal T2
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Airside of the terminal
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The ceiling is adorned with works by Rabindranath Tagore.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
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The airside at night
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Check-in area
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Departure hall
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Landside of the terminal
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A view of the domestic section
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Panoramic view of the departures area (2023)
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Air Traffic Navigation Complex
The Kolkata Airport is currently served by a legacy Template:Convert building commissioned in 1972.<ref name=":22" /> However, the building grappled with space constraints for modernisation and monitoring limitations, especially for aircraft parked along international wing of T2 building.<ref name=":1" />
To solve the crisis, a new air traffic navigation (ATN) complex has been constructed under a project worth Template:INRConvert.<ref name=":14">Template:Cite news</ref> The complex includes area control and technical blocks. The spiral torch-shaped tower has a height of Template:Convert<ref name=":15">Template:Cite news</ref> and is equipped with advanced digital technology for communication and air traffic systems. The technical block will host flight data and radar data processing systems, data control processing system, and new monitoring systems.<ref name=":1">Template:Cite web</ref> The area of the facility will increase from Template:Convert to Template:Convert, while the same for the visual control room will be upgraded from Template:Convert to Template:Convert.<ref name=":15" />
The project, conceptualised in 2008 to establish a Template:Convert tall tower,<ref name=":16">Template:Cite news</ref> was shelved in 2011 due to lack of funds. In January 2013, however, the top brass of the Airports Authority of India (AAI) granted the in-principle approval for the project, worth Template:INRConvert. The execution would begin after the transition to new terminal was completed in July. While the surface movement control and tower units would be based in a glass chamber in the apex, the remaining units, including aerodrome control, approach control and area control would be hosted at a three-storied building at the base. The project details would then be sent to higher authorities for the budget to be sanctioned. Another 18 months was expected to float a tender and select bids for flight data processing system, radar data processing system, data control processing system and new monitors. An additional six months would be required for the systems installations and testing. Full operationalisation was expected by 2016.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In May 2013, the project received a funding of Template:INRConvert, which includes Template:INRConvert for the building and Template:INRConvert to upgrade air navigation and surveillance systems.<ref name=":22">Template:Cite news</ref> As represented in the cover of AAI's Airports India magazine dated February 2016, the new ATC tower's height was revised to Template:Convert. However, the height was again halved to Template:Convert a year later in February 2017 when AAI released the tender for the construction of the facility, akin with the ATC tower in Edinburgh Airport. The ATC Guild (India), a union of the air traffic controllers of India, was unhappy with such revision and defended the earlier plan, stating that the height would not have caused safety hazard but a shorter tower would be obsolete much earlier.<ref name=":16" />
As of June 2022, the existing navigation and surveillance equipment, installed in 2013,<ref name=":1" /> was nearing its end of 10-year life cycle and required a new generation of control systems like Level IV Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS) as well as new automation system, voice communication, VHF antenna with three outputs, ground guidance and surveillance equipment for aircraft and other vehicles, and equipment to broadcast meteorological data to aircraft. The cost of the entire set of equipment is estimated at Template:INRConvert to Template:INRConvert. Meanwhile, the civil work of the new tower was expected for completion by the year's end.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":15" />
While the civil work of the facility was completed in February 2024, the installation of electrical lines and optic fibre cables was completed in May. The commencement of trials was expected by October 2024 with operationalisation by 2025-end. Until then, the existing and the new complex will function parallelly.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The operational trials of the new complex commenced on 24 March 2025. The tower, with a workforce of eight controllers along with technicians from Communication, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) department, coordinated the take off and landing of around 40 aircraft between 2 pm and 4 pm. The first aircraft to land under the new ATC's supervision was an IndiGo flight from Bengaluru. Another team of controllers also stood by in the existing ATC tower to takeover responsibilities in case of any contingencies in the new facility. Such operations will continue to be undertaken from the new tower over the same time daily for three months before the duration can be increased. However, full-fledged operations will not begin within the next 18-24 months since the modern equipment is yet to be selected and procured. The equipment include a new generation automation system, approach radar, advanced surface movement guidance and control system as well as abVHF communication equipment. Only after the tenders are floated will the equipment be procured, installed and operationalised. Until then, controllers in the new ATC tower will utilise modified equipment that was procured and installed in 2012 and 2013.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref>
On 7 October, a short circuit in the AC system of the new complex, detected by five controllers reporting for duty, revealed the lack of an emergency exit. This shut the operations from the facility until 20 October after which operations restarted. However, full operational clearance could only be received from the DGCA, BCAS and the fire department after the emergency exit is arranged.<ref name=":14" />
Expansion
The integrated terminal T2 was commissioned in 2013 with an annual capacity of 20 million passengers. The terminal served 9 million passengers in the first year. However, by 2016, the amount quickly rose to 16 million. At this rate, the terminal would be saturated by 2018. This necessitated the airport authority to plan another phase of expansions. In June 2017, the then director of Kolkata airport, Atul Dixit, unveiled the plans of the next phase of expansion to enhance the airport's capacity to 40 million passengers per annum.<ref name=":5">Template:Cite news</ref> The first nod for a third terminal was received from the aviation ministry by then. The old air traffic control complex and both of the old terminals, located in the North of the T2, would be demolished to establish the third terminal.<ref name=":5" /> In September, a US aviation planning and development firm based in Cincinnati, Landrum & Brown (L&B), was appointed to formulate a master plan to enhance the capacity and efficiency of the airport.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The plan was reportedly sanctioned in February 2020 and first phase expansion was expected to be completed within 30 months.<ref name=":4">Template:Cite web</ref>
Initially, the existing terminal will undergo an interim expansion of Template:INRConvert that will see the terminal handle an additional 2 million passengers annually, bringing the total handling capacity of the existing terminal to 28 million passengers annually.<ref name=":18" /> Then, a new Template:INRConvert<ref name=":18" /> expansion plan will be undertaken in two phases over a span of six years.<ref name=":12" />
Upon completion of the project, the new terminal will serve both domestic and international flights with annual capacity of 11 million passengers.<ref name=":12" /> This will bring the airport's capacity to 40 million.<ref name=":5" /> Further, the existing integrated terminal, which will exclusively handle domestic flights will have a revised capacity of 34 million passengers,<ref name=":21" /> taking the airport's overall capacity to 45 million (36 million domestic passengers and 9 million international passengers)<ref name=":21" /> by 2032–33.<ref name=":17" /> This will mark a nine-fold increase in the airport's capacity within two decades. The old terminals had a combined 5 million passengers per annum capacity until March 2013.<ref name=":17" />
Interim expansions
An interim expansion phase, also referred to as modular expansion phase,<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":19" /> will be implemented to meet the airport’s short-term passenger growth demands. In this phase, the old terminal and the T2 integrated terminal will be connected with three aerobridges and walkalators as well as walk-in doors at ground level. The former will be used for boarding and de-boarding passengers from aircraft. Passengers arriving in the boarding building would take the connecting bridge to the terminal T2 and then leave the airport. This is meant to decongest the airport in peak hours and immediately enhance passenger capacity by a million.<ref name=":5" />
Under the modular expansion, the security hold area (SHA), the lounge where passengers wait after the security checks until the aircraft boarding begins, will be expanded for the integrated terminal T2. The SHA could be extended to the left of T2 in place of the old domestic terminal. Ten aerobridges are planned to be added to the terminal. Of the 18 existing aerobridges, 14 serve domestic flights while 4 serve international ones. Each bridge is capable of serving 10 flights per day.<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":19" />
The expansion was underway as of April 2025, and is slated for completion by December. The project will add over Template:Convert of space to the terminal. This includes an addition of Template:Convert and Template:Convert space in the international and domestic wings, respectively. While the domestic section will increase the SHA, the international wing also see the increase of food & beverage (F&B) space. The latter's departure space will also be reorganised including the Template:Convert Immigration and Customs area being shifted to an equivalent area in the newly added southern section. A third of this will host the offices while the rest will be used for passenger amenities like additional seating and F&B section. The international wing's SHA will also increase by Template:Convert.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":21" />
These expansions will enhance the airport's capacity to 28 million passengers per annum. A budget of Template:INRConvert has been earmarked for this phase. This will provide an additional time of four to five years, until 2030–31, to the airport authority for a long-term solution to accommodate the passenger growth, including the construction of a new terminal.<ref name=":18" />
Phase 1
Under the first phase of expansion, the old domestic terminal, which was operation between 1995 and 2013 and has a built-up area of Template:Convert,<ref name=":21" /> will be demolished and a new terminal, spread over an area of Template:Convert, will be constructed. This will increase the airport's capacity by 40% to 33 million passengers. As of 2019, the design of the new terminal was to be finalised by early 2020.<ref name=":17" />
As of December 2024, the demolition would begin in August 2025<ref name=":12" /> and would take a year. Simultaneously, a tender will be floated for the construction of the new terminal which is expected to commence in early 2026. The overall terminal project, worth Template:INRConvert, will be completed in two phases. The new terminal would be designed in order to efficiently utilise its relatively shorter frontage but service more aircraft at a time than the existing linear integrated terminal.<ref name=":18" />
The new building will be U-shaped and have three sections — a rectangular section and two arm-like concourses. The rectangular section, located at the parking lot of old terminal, will host the check-in counters, security check portals and baggage handling facilities. Meanwhile, the two concourses, at the northern and southern ends of the rectangular sections and extending eastwards, will host the operational area like boarding gates and aerobridges. The rectangular section and southern arm will be built as part of the phase 1, which has been sanctioned by the AAI.<ref name=":12" />
As of July 2025, the demolition of the old domestic terminal is scheduled to be completed by the year-end or early 2026. The entire terminal that will be completed under this phase will exclusively serve international flights and will have an annual capacity of 9 million passengers.<ref name=":21">Template:Cite web</ref>
Phase 2
By the time the first phase construction of the new terminal will be completed, the new Air Traffic Navigation Complex will be fully operational and the old tower building and former international terminal will be demolished.<ref name=":18" /> Following this, the second phase construction will commence. This includes the northern concourse, located at on the existing Air Traffic Services (ATS) building.<ref name=":12" /> Ultimately the new terminal will also require 21 parking bays connected with aerobridges.<ref name=":19" /> The construction is aimed to be completed in 2029–30. The terminal will handle both domestic and international traffic while the T2 will be dedicated to domestic traffic. In fact, after removing the immigration, customs, and other related operations, the capacity of T2 will also be increased by 0.6 million passengers.<ref name=":18" />
Other developments
In 2019, the airport had 65 active parking bays. The parking bays remained fully occupied at night except for three parking bays that are required to be reserved for diverted flights. This necessitated to expand parking facilities with the growing demands of the Indian airlines. The AAI planned to develop over 380 parking bays in 23 airports. Airports in Kolkata and Ahmedabad, followed by Lucknow, would take the lead in this initiative.<ref name=":20" />
Amid this development, the AAI had earmarked Template:INRConvert to take the parking bays quantity to 105 by the end of 2024. An additional Template:INRConvert was earmarked extend the taxiway F of the airport. An amount of Template:INRConvert had been invested to extend the taxiway and develop 20 parking bays by 2021. Work for the first set of 10 bays had begun following which the old airport fire station would be demolished for the next 10 bays. After the completion of these 20 bays, another contract, worth Template:INRConvert, for the rest of 20 bays will be awarded.<ref name=":20">Template:Cite web</ref>
However, as of 2025, the airport operates 73 parking bays. However, two additional bays will be made operational by the year-end and will be followed by activation of 10 bays and 19 bays in 2030 and 2032, respectively. In 2033, an additional 28 bays will be commissioned and will bring to the total number of parking bays to 132. This will ensure the parallel increase of terminal and airside infrastructure.<ref name=":19" /> Parking bays will also be developed on the eastern flank of the airport.<ref name=":19">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":20" />
The cargo terminal of the airport, currently located in the north western sector of the airport, will be moved to the west of the VIP Road. When relocated, the space occupied by the current cargo terminal will give way for the development of more parking bays as well as passenger terminal expansion.<ref name=":19" />
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
Template:Airport destination list
Cargo
Statistics
As of the financial year 2024–25, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport is the sixth-busiest airport in India in terms of the total number of passengers served and with respect to the number of flights departing and arriving at the airport, which was about 21.8 million passengers in the FY and 408 flights a day respectively. This was a 10.3% increase from the previous year. Out of which, 19.4 million passengers were domestic travellers and 2.4 million were international travellers.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The cargo traffic saw an increase of 9.2% from its previous year, with 165,617.9 metric tonnes of cargo, the best CCU has ever handled so far.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
| Year | Passengers | Change | Cargo (Template:Abbr) | Change | Ref | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| International | Domestic | Total | |||||
| 2009–10 | 11,87,160 | 68,58,564 | 80,45,724 | Template:Steady | 1,10,256 | Template:Steady | <ref name=":3">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":2">Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2010–11 | 14,28,086 | 82,03,586 | 96,31,672 | Template:Increase 19.7% | 1,29,957 | Template:Increase 17.9% | <ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2" /> |
| 2011–12 | 15,66,102 | 87,37,889 | 1,03,03,991 | Template:Increase 7.0% | 1,25,593 | Template:Decrease 3.4% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2012–13 | 16,44,339 | 84,24,316 | 1,00,68,655 | Template:Decrease 2.3% | 1,23,491 | Template:Decrease 1.7% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2013–14 | 17,65,013 | 83,35,219 | 1,01,00,232 | Template:Decrease 0.7% | 1,29,782 | Template:Increase 6.2% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2014–15 | 19,26,562 | 89,90,107 | 1,09,16,669 | Template:Increase 8.1% | 1,36,699 | Template:Increase 5.3% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2015–16 | 22,17,473 | 1,02,03,771 | 1,24,21,244 | Template:Increase 13.8% | 1,39,679 | Template:Increase 2.2% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2016–17 | 22,30,071 | 1,35,89,468 | 1,58,19,539 | Template:Increase 24.0% | 1,52, 415 | Template:Increase 9.0% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2017–18 | 25,86,775 | 1,73,05,749 | 1,98,92,524 | Template:Increase 25.7% | 1,63,323 | Template:Increase 7.2% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2018–19 | 27,86,805 | 1,90,90,545 | 2,18,77,350 | Template:Increase 10.0% | 1,55,232 | Template:Decrease 5.0% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2019–20 | 29,39,322 | 1,90,76,069 | 2,20,15,391 | Template:Increase 0.6% | 1,53,468 | Template:Decrease 1.1% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2020–21 | 1,43,081 | 75,85,825 | 77,28,906 | Template:Decrease 64.9% | 1,04,953 | Template:Decrease 31.6% | <ref name="autogenerated1">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="autogenerated2">Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2021–22 | 3,42,665 | 1,06,93,443 | 1,10,36,108 | Template:Increase 42.8% | 1,38,127 | Template:Increase 31.6% | <ref name="autogenerated1"/><ref name="autogenerated2"/> |
| 2022–23 | 19,56,019 | 1,58,02,453 | 1,77,58,472 | Template:Increase 60.9% | 1,36,022 | Template:Decrease 1.5% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2023–24 | 24,68,601 | 1,73,15,816 | 1,97,84,417 | Template:Increase 11.4% | 1,51,626 | Template:Increase 11.5% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2024–25 | 24,19,466 | 1,94,11,652 | 2,18,31,118 | Template:Increase 10.3% | 1,65,617.9 | Template:Increase 9.2% | <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| Rank | Airport | Carriers | Departing passengers |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Delhi | Air India, IndiGo, SpiceJet, Akasa Air | 13,07,098 |
| 2 | Mumbai | Air India, Akasa Air, IndiGo ,SpiceJet | 974,952 |
| 3 | Bengaluru | Air India Express, Akasa Air, IndiGo | 787,663 |
| 4 | Guwahati | IndiGo, SpiceJet, Alliance Air (India), Air India Express | 489,113 |
| 5 | Hyderabad | Air India Express, IndiGo | 437,479 |
| 6 | Chennai | Air India, Air India Express, IndiGo | 427,764 |
| 7 | Agartala | IndiGo, Air India Express | 413,052 |
| 8 | Bagdogra | SpiceJet, Air India Express, IndiGo | 298,822 |
| 9 | Bhubaneswar | Alliance Air (India), IndiGo, Air India Express | 246,389 |
| 10 | Port Blair | SpiceJet, Air India Express, IndiGo, Akasa Air | 225,519 |
| Rank | Airport | Carriers | Departing passengers |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dhaka | Air India, Biman Bangladesh, Indigo, NovoAir, US-Bangla Airlines | 2,60,277 |
| 3 | Bangkok (BKK, DMK) | Bhutan Airlines, Indigo, Spicejet,Thai Airways, Thai Smile Airways, Thai Air Asia | 2,01,982 |
| 2 | Dubai | Emirates, Flydubai | 1,92,424 |
| 4 | Singapore | IndiGo, Singapore Airlines | 1,04,026 |
| 5 | Doha | Qatar Airways | 75,364 |
| 6 | Kuala Lumpur | AirAsia, Batik Air Malaysia, Malaysia Airlines | 61,930 |
| 7 | Ho Chi Minh City | IndiGo | 22,580 |
| 8 | Kathmandu | Air India | 20,930 |
| 9 | Hanoi | IndiGo | 18,158 |
| 10 | Phuket | IndiGo, Thai AirAsia | 15,405 |
Ground transport
Roads
The airport has a well-established facility of prepaid taxis and air-conditioned buses connecting it to the city centre. Ride-hailing services including Uber and Ola operate here regularly. As part of the larger modernisation programme, a flyover at Nagerbazar and an entry ramp on VIP Road have also been constructed. A Template:Convert flyover from Kestopur to Raghunathpur (near Tegharia) was built to speed up airport-bound traffic. These reduced journey times to the airport.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Parking facilities at the new terminal include two underground parking levels accommodating 3000 cars, as well as an outdoor car parking that can handle an additional 2000 cars.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
West Bengal Transport Corporation (WBTC) operates air conditioned buses to major parts of Kolkata from 08:00 to 21:00 throughout the week.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Metro
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The airport is connected at Jai Hind metro station, which opened on 22 August 2025 with one Kolkata Metro line from Noapara (Yellow Line).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It is the largest underground metro station in India and the station will eventually also serve another line from New Garia (Orange Line). Both lines will converge at Jai Hind, with Orange line terminating at this station and Yellow Line moving towards Suripukur metro station.
Rail
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The airport was connected to the Kolkata Suburban Railway system's circular line branch. The Template:Convert long elevated track connected the airport Biman Bandar railway station with Dum Dum Cantonment railway station, passing Jessore Road. Electric multiple unit rolling stocks served the line. Due to poor patronage and plans to replace it with yellow Line metro service, the railway line was closed in September 2016 to facilitate construction of the new lines.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The remaining infrastructure was dismantled in early 2020 to make space for road upgrades.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> As of 2024, the iconic station building still exists as Kolkata metro Railways headquarters.
Presently, the nearest railway stations are Dum Dum Cantonment railway station and Durganagar railway station.
Awards
In 2014 and 2015, the airport won the title of Best Improved Airport in the Asia-Pacific region awarded by the Airport Council International. The airport was awarded the Best Airport by Hygiene Measures in the Asia-Pacific in 2020 by Airports Council International.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Accidents and incidents
On 2 May 1953, BOAC Flight 783 de Havilland Comet bound for Delhi crashed after takeoff from Calcutta Airport with the loss of 43 lives. Parts of the aircraft were found spread over an area of 8 km², near Jugalgari, a village some 25 miles north-west of Calcutta, suggesting disintegration before impact with the ground.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
On 12 June 1968, a Pan-Am Flight (N798PA, named Clipper Caribbean) Boeing 707-321C struck a tree 1128 m short of the runway during a night-time visual approach in rain. The aircraft subsequently crashed and caught fire. The fuselage remained largely intact, although the aircraft's landing gear broke off. Out of the 10 crew and 53 passengers aboard, one crew member and five passengers suffered fatal injuries due to the fire.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
On 22 December 2015, a Jet Airways bus slammed into the side of an Air India Regional ATR 42-500 aircraft. There were no fatalities. An investigation revealed that the driver was sleeping.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
See also
- Behala Airport
- Airports in India
- List of airports in West Bengal
- List of busiest airports in India by passenger traffic
References
Template:Air Force Historical Research Agency Template:Reflist
External links
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- Pages with broken file links
- Airports in Kolkata
- Airports in West Bengal
- Airports in India
- 1937 establishments in India
- Airports established in 1937
- Buildings and structures in Kolkata
- Transport in Kolkata
- Airfields of the United States Army Air Forces in British India
- Memorials to Subhas Chandra Bose
- World War II sites in India
- 20th-century architecture in India