Sarah Knauss
Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Template:Use mdy dates Template:Use American English Template:Infobox person Sarah DeRemer Knauss (Template:Nee; September 24, 1880 – December 30, 1999) was an American supercentenarian. She is the oldest person ever from the United States and, on April 16, 1998, became the world's oldest living person. She is the third-oldest verified person ever, living to the age of 119 years and 97 days. Her birthdate has been independently verified through numerous census and other records.
Early life
Sarah DeRemer Clark was born on September 24, 1880, to Walter Clark and his wife Amelia, the daughter of German immigrants,<ref name="1890 Census">Template:Cite news</ref> in Hollywood, Pennsylvania, a small coal mining community in the Coal Region of Northeastern Pennsylvania. She was the third of her parents' seven children, but three of her brothers died in infancy and childhood.
Her family later moved to South Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, in the Lehigh Valley region of the state.<ref name="Jeune Robine Young Desjardins 2010 pp. 285–323"/>
Personal life
In 1901, at 20 years old, she married Abraham Lincoln Knauss (1878–1965).<ref name="century">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Abraham was a tanner who later became a prominent Republican leader and the recorder of deeds in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, serving as the county's recorder of deeds from 1937 until his retirement in 1951. Abraham died in 1965, at the age of 86. They had one child, Kathryn (1903–2005), who lived to be 101.<ref name="Merrill"/> Through most of her life, Knauss acted as a housewife. She enjoyed knitting, crocheting, and sewing.
Before Knauss' death, there were six living generations in her family. In February 1999, Life magazine photographed Knauss with a member from each of these generations, up to her newborn great-great-great-grandchild.<ref name="CNN" /><ref name="morningcall">Template:Cite webTemplate:Better</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Jeune Robine Young Desjardins 2010 pp. 285–323"/>
Health and lifestyle
It was not until Knauss reached 111 years old that she took up residency at a nursing home in Allentown, Pennsylvania, due to her frailness and failing eyesight. In 1995, Knauss remarked that she enjoyed her life because she still had her health and could "do things".<ref name="Merrill"/> At 117 years old, Knauss underwent a blood transfusion due to having low haemoglobin, and she continued to take heart medication for the rest of her life. Those around her believed her to be of sound mind up until her death. Within the last year of her life, she still had conversations with her daughter Kathryn. Eventually, she struggled to recognize her daughter; however, this may have been due to her failing hearing and eyesight rather than a failing mind.<ref name="Jeune Robine Young Desjardins 2010 pp. 285–323">Template:Cite book</ref>
When asked how she had survived to her great age, Knauss responded that one should “keep yourself busy, work hard, and not worry about how old you are.” She was a non-smoker and was never considered obese at any point in her life. She did have a fondness for sweets, however, and her great-granddaughter claimed that Knauss "hated vegetables". A member of the staff at Knauss' nursing home claimed that she was the friendliest of all residents at the home, and her relatives failed to remember a point in her life that she scolded anyone or even appeared stressed.<ref name="Jeune Robine Young Desjardins 2010 pp. 285–323"/>
Death
Knauss died of natural causes on December 30, 1999 in Allentown, Pennsylvania.<ref name="Merrill"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> An autopsy was performed on her body, but the results were never made public; however, she was not known to have been suffering from any illness at the time of her death. After her death, Ella Miller (1884–2000) became the world's oldest living person.
Knauss remained the second oldest known validated person until Kane Tanaka, whose lifespan was longer by 10 days in April 2022.
Longevity records and verification
Knauss became the United States national longevity record holder after surpassing the final age of Delphia Welford (1875–1992) on November 30, 1997. On April 16, 1998, she became the world's oldest person after 117-year-old French Canadian Marie-Louise Meilleur died. Knauss remains the oldest documented person from the United States,<ref name='Newton"1999"'>Template:Cite news</ref> and is the third-oldest fully documented person ever, after French supercentenarian Jeanne Calment and Japanese supercentenarian Kane Tanaka, whose lifespan was longer by 10 days. She was recognized as the world's oldest living person by Guinness World Records from April 16, 1998, until her death the next year at the age of 119 years and 97 days.<ref name="Merrill">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="CNN">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Guardian">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Nevada">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Harris">Template:Cite book</ref>
Knauss' records have been heavily reviewed to ensure the claims surrounding her lifespan are legitimate. Many records have been found that verify her claim, including the record of the 1890 census, taken when Knauss was still in childhood.<ref name="1890 Census"/><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
