Sarangani

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Template:Other uses Template:Use mdy dates Template:Use Philippine English Template:Infobox settlement Sarangani, officially the Province of Sarangani (Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Maguindanaon: Dairat nu Sarangani, Jawi: دايرت نو سرڠان; Template:Langx), is a province in the Philippines located in the Soccsksargen region. Its capital is Alabel while Glan is the most populous municipality in the province. With a Template:Convert coastline along the Sarangani Bay and Celebes Sea, the province is at the southernmost tip of Mindanao island, and borders South Cotabato and Davao del Sur to the north, Davao Occidental to the east, and the Celebes Sea to the south.

Sarangani is part of the South Cotabato-Cotabato-Sultan Kudarat-Sarangani-General Santos (Soccsksargen) development cluster, and is linked by paved roads to the international airport and harbor of General Santos.

The province is divided into two sections, separated by the Sarangani Bay and the city of General Santos, and it used to be part of South Cotabato until it was made an independent province in 1992.<ref name=CongressGovPH-RA07228 />

The General Santos Metropolitan Area or Metro General Santos is a metropolitan area encompassing the highly urbanized city of General Santos, The Regional Agro-Industrial Center of Alabel, the towns of Glan, Kiamba, Maasin, Maitum, Malapatan and Malungon and the neighboring provinces of South Cotabato adding Metro General Santos adding Lake Sebu, Polomolok, T'Boli and Tupi.

History

Early history

The earliest civilization in the province can be found in Maitum, Sarangani, where the Maitum Anthropomorphic Pottery or Maitum Jars were found. The jars have been dated to approximately 5 BC to 370 AD, one of the oldest in the entire Southeast Asian region and the Philippines. The discovery testified to the long history of cultural exchanges in Sarangani and its people.

The Sarangani was once part of Sultanate of Maguindanao. The establishment of the Sultanate in the area caused more Maguindanaon settlers arrival. After the fall of the Sultanate of Maguindanao as a great power in Mindanao, Datu Uto of Buayan expanded his domain towards Sarangani Bay. Sarangani would eventually be under the Sultanate of Buayan until the American era.

Spanish colonial era

Sarangani Island (now part of Davao Occidental) was named Template:Lang by the Spanish explorer Ruy López de VillalobosTemplate:Citation needed in 1543, in honor of Antonio de Mendoza y Pacheco, the viceroy of New Spain who had appointed López de Villalobos to lead an expedition to the Western Islands (now the Philippines) because of their relation by marriage. The early inhabitants who first inhabited Sarangani were the indigenous natives, called MunaTo, a native term for "first people."<ref>balita.ph/2008, Man-made island resort now a Sarangani landmarkTemplate:Dead link</ref>

Map showing the present territories of Sarangani as part of Sultanate of Maguindanao in 1800s.

Japanese occupation

In 1942, the Japanese troops occupied Southern Cotabato.Template:Explain In 1945, Filipino troops of the 6th, 10th, 101st and 102nd Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and 10th Constabulary Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary entered in and liberated Southern Cotabato and fought against the Japanese Imperial Army forces during the Battle of Cotabato at the end of World War II under the Japanese Occupation.Template:Citation needed

Philippine independence

Before its inception in 1992, Sarangani was part of South Cotabato under its third district. The province was created by Republic Act No. 7228 on March 16, 1992,<ref name=CongressGovPH-RA07228>Template:Cite web</ref> penned by Congressman James Chiongbian, who would later become the province's first representative to the House of Representatives. His wife, Priscilla Chiongbian, became the first Governor of Sarangani.

The Sangil people are active in the struggle for self-determination as part of their strategy to preserve and develop their culture and social institutions. The creation of Sarangani province itself was an effort to ease tensions between the Sangil people and the Philippine government.<ref name="ncca"/>

Geography

Sarangani covers a total area of Template:ConvertTemplate:PSGC detail occupying the southern tip of the Soccsksargen in central Mindanao. The province is bordered on the central-north by South Cotabato, northeast by Davao del Sur, east by Davao Occidental, south by the Sarangani Bay and Celebes Sea, and northwest by Sultan Kudarat.

Western coast of the province at Maitum

Sarangani is divided into two (eastern and western) sections, separated by the Sarangani Bay and General Santos in the middle. The western portion comprises the towns of Maitum, Kiamba, and Maasim, and is bounded on the north by South Cotabato and on the northwest by Sultan Kudarat. The eastern section consists of Alabel, Glan, Malapatan, and Malungon.

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Administrative divisions

Sarangani comprises seven municipalities. A single legislative district encompasses all towns.Template:PSGC detail

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MunicipalityTemplate:ThinspTemplate:Efn-lr Population Template:PSGC rubric AreaTemplate:PSGC detail DensityTemplate:ThinspTemplate:Small Template:Abbr
Template:SmallTemplate:PH census Template:SmallTemplate:PH census km2 Template:Nowrap /km2 Template:Nowrap
Template:Coord Alabel † Template:Percent and number 80,359 Template:PAGR Template:Convert Template:Convert 13
Template:Coord Glan Template:Percent and number 118,263 Template:PAGR Template:Convert Template:Convert 31
Template:Coord Kiamba Template:Percent and number 61,058 Template:PAGR Template:Convert Template:Convert 19
Template:Coord Maasim Template:Percent and number 59,468 Template:PAGR Template:Convert Template:Convert 16
Template:Coord Maitum Template:Percent and number 44,595 Template:PAGR Template:Convert Template:Convert 19
Template:Coord Malapatan Template:Percent and number 76,914 Template:PAGR Template:Convert Template:Convert 12
Template:Coord Malungon Template:Percent and number 103,604 Template:PAGR Template:Convert Template:Convert 31
Total 558,946 544,261 Template:PAGR 3,601.25 Template:Convert Template:Sigfig Template:Convert 141
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Demographics

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The population of Sarangani in the 2020 census was 558,946 people,Template:PH census with a density of Template:Convert.

Religion

Template:Bar box Christianity is the majority religion in the province with a total of 79% (48% Roman Catholicism<ref name="rappler_map_catholicism" /> and 31% evangelicals).<ref name="Philippine Church National Summary" /> Other religious minorities are Islam (9%)<ref name="rappler_map_islam" /> and Iglesia ni Cristo (2%).<ref name="rappler_map_iglesia" /> The remainder is usually divided among other Christian churches. The majority of Muslims are from the Sangil, Maguindanao, and Kalagan ethnic groups. Furthermore, there are quite a few individuals who have converted to Islam, also known as Balik Islam (reverting to Islam).<ref name="ncca">Template:Cite web</ref>

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Ethnic groups

Sarangani has a huge ethnic diversity, such as Lumads, consisting of Blaan, T'boli, Tagakaulo, Kalagan, Manobo, Ubo, Moro Muslims, and Christian settlers. Muslims comprise 7 ethnic groups, Lumads 17 ethnic groups, and Christian migrant settlers, at least 20 ethnic groups.<ref name="gov"/> Sarangani and Sangil peoples, although no longer dominant, still have a presence here.<ref name="ncca"/> Being one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse regions in Mindanao.<ref name="gov">Template:Cite web</ref>

The Blaan people are the largest minority and are spread across the municipalities of Malapatan, Glan, Alabel, Maasim, and Malungon. Most of Blaan people lives in Malapatan, constituting 37% of the municipality's population. Other ethnic groups, such as the Maguindanao people reside in the municipalities of Malapatan, Maitum, and Maasim, the T'boli people mostly reside in Maitum, Kiamba, and Maasim, while the Tagakaulo people is almost entirely in Malungon. Cebuano settlers are found in Glan and Alabel, Ilonggo (Hiligaynon) are located in Malungon, while Ilocano mostly live in Kiamba and Maitum.<ref name="gov"/>

Thus, the mixed population of Sarangani is quite diverse, with the language of the Christian settlers being used commonly by both Moro Muslims and natives, consisting of the Blaan and Cebuano-speaking Muslims on the east coast, the Tboli, Manobo, and Ilocano-speaking Muslims on the west coast, and the Ilonggo-speaking Blaan and Tagakaulo peoples of the northern highlands.<ref name="gov"/>

Economy

Template:Stack Coconut, corn, rice, banana, mango, durian, rubber, and sugarcane are major crops now being planted by the inhabitants. The province has plantations (mango, banana, pineapple, asparagus), cattle ranches, and commercial fishponds that have been operating in the area, some of which having existed as far back as 40 years.

Electricity comes from the National Power Corporation, and augmented by a 50 MW power plant in Alabel, the province's capital. Water is provided for by sustainable spring development projects.

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Government

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  • Rep. Erwin Chiongbian
  • Gov. Miguel Angelo Dominguez
  • Vice Gov. Bridget Chiongbian-Huang

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  • Rep. Erwin Chiongbian
  • Gov. Miguel Escobar
  • Vice Gov. Felipe Constantino

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  • Rep. Juan Domino*
  • Gov. Priscilla Chiongbian
  • Vice Gov. Miguel Escobar

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Note

  • *-Rep.Juan Domino was Disqualified due to a lack of Residency

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Tourism

Sarangani celebrates its foundation anniversary every November, named as MunaTo Festival.<ref name="MB-MunaToFest">Template:Cite news</ref>

Sarangani has ancient burial jars, discovered by archaeologists from the National Museum in Ayub Cave in Maitum, in 1991 and in 2008, and at Sagel Cave in Maitum (now declared by National Historical Institute as a national historical site). Amid Mindanao's armed conflicts, artifacts found thereat prove settlements of pre-historic civilization in Maitum.<ref name="MB-MunaToFest" /><ref name="PIA-IslandResort">Template:Cite news</ref>

Notable people

References

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