Sirikit

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Distinguish Template:Infobox royalty SirikitTemplate:Efn<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> (born Mom Rajawongse Sirikit Kitiyakara;Template:Efn 12 August 1932 – 24 October 2025) was Queen of Thailand from 28 April 1950 to 13 October 2016 as the wife of King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX).

Sirikit met Bhumibol in Paris where her father served as the Thai ambassador to France. They married in 1950, shortly before Bhumibol's coronation. In 1956, she was appointed queen regent during the King's temporary ordination as a Buddhist monk. The royal couple had four children: Ubol Ratana, Vajiralongkorn (Rama X), Sirindhorn, and Chulabhorn. As consort to the monarch who became the world's longest-reigning head of state, she held the distinction of being the world's longest-serving queen consort.

Sirikit suffered a stroke in 2012 and subsequently withdrew from public life. She died on 24 October 2025 at the age of 93.<ref>HM Queen Sirikit, the Queen Mother, passes away at 93</ref><ref>Royal Household announces the passing of Her Majesty Queen Sirikit The Queen Mother</ref>

Early life and family

Sirikit Kitiyakara was born on 12 August 1932, at the home of Lord Vongsanuprabhand, her maternal grandfather. She was the eldest daughter and the third child of Prince Nakkhatra Mangkala Kitiyakara, the son of Prince Kitiyakara Voralaksana, and Mom Luang Bua Snidvongs (1909–1999). Her name, which was given by Queen Rambai Barni, means "the greatness of Kitiyakara".<ref>Template:Cite webTemplate:Nonspecific</ref>

She had three siblings, two elder brothers and a younger sister:Template:Cn

Sirikit was raised by her maternal grandparents for a year after her birth, since her father was in the United States to work as the Secretary of the Siamese Legation at Washington D.C. Her mother joined her husband three months later. When she was one year old, her parents returned to Thailand. Sirikit lived together with her family in Deves Palace, near the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

As a child, Sirikit often visited her paternal grandmother. Once in 1933, she travelled with Princess Absornsaman Devakula following King Prajadhipok's tour in Songkhla.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Life

Education

At age four, Sirikit attended the Kindergarten at Rajini School (Queen's College in English), where she studied at the primary level. During that time the Pacific War was being fought. Bangkok was bombed many times, especially the rail lines, making travel unsafe. She therefore moved to Saint Francis Xavier Convent School, since it was near the palace. She studied at Saint Francis Xavier from her second primary year through the early secondary level.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1946, with the war over, her father moved to the United Kingdom as the ambassador to the Court of St James's, taking his family with him. Sirikit was then 13 and completed her secondary education. While in England she learned to play the piano and became fluent in English and French. Because of her father's work as a diplomat, the family moved to other countries, including Denmark and France. While in France, she studied at a music academy in Paris.Template:Cn

Also in France, Sirikit met Bhumibol Adulyadej, who was related to her, since both were descendants of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V). At that time, Bhumibol had ascended to the throne and was studying in Switzerland. Bhumibol and Sirikit (as well as a few other students) were staying at the Royal Thai Embassy in Paris. Sirikit accompanied the king as he visited various tourist attractions, and they found that they had much in common.Template:Cn

Marriage

File:ราชาภิเษกสมรส2.jpg
Marriage of Sirikit and Bhumibol on 28 April 1950

On 4 October 1948, while Bhumibol was driving a Fiat Topolino on the Geneva–Lausanne highway, he collided with the rear of a braking truck 10 km outside of Lausanne. He injured his back and incurred cuts on his face that cost him most of the sight in one eye.<ref name=handley>Handley, Paul M. (2006). The King Never Smiles: A Biography of Thailand's Bhumibol Adulyadej, pp. 103–4. Yale University Press.</ref> He subsequently wore an ocular prosthetic. While he was hospitalised in Lausanne, Sirikit visited him frequently. She met his mother, The Princess Mother Sangwan, who asked her to continue her studies nearby so that the king could get to know her better. Bhumibol selected a boarding school for her in Lausanne, Riante Rive. A quiet engagement in Lausanne followed on 19 July 1949,<ref name=handley/> and the couple married on 28 April 1950,<ref>Template:Citation</ref> just a week before his coronation.

The marriage took place at Srapathum Palace. Queen Sri Savarindira, the Queen Grandmother presided over the marriage ceremony. Both the king and Sirikit signed on line 11 of their certificate of marriage. As she was not yet 18, her parents also signed, on line 12 directly under her signature. She later received the Order of the Royal House of Chakri, and became queen. After the coronation ceremony on 5 May 1950, both went back to Switzerland to continue their studies, and returned to Bangkok in 1952.

Regency

When the king undertook the traditional period as a Buddhist monk in 1956, Queen Sirikit acted as regent.<ref>Handley (2006), p. 131-32.</ref>

File:Pramuan Phap Song Phanuat (1956, p 07).jpg
Queen Sirikit taking an oath of office at the Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall on 20 September 1956

She took an oath of office amongst the House of Representatives convened at the Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall on 20 September 1956 when she was appointed regent by her husband.

She performed her duties so well that she was officially named the Regent of Thailand and the King gave her the title 'Somdet Phra Nang Chao Sirikit Phra Borommarachininat' on his birthday, 5 December 1956. She became the second Siamese queen regent in Thai history. The first was Queen Saovabha Phongsri of Siam, who served as regent when her husband King Chulalongkorn travelled to Europe, and later became Queen Sri Patcharindra.<ref>สมเด็จพระบรมราชินีนาถ 2 พระองค์แห่งกรุงรัตนโกสินทร์</ref>

Issue

Sirikit and Bhumibol had four children, thirteen grandchildren, and nine great-grandchildren.<ref>ประกาศสำนักพระราชวัง สมเด็จพระนางเจ้าสิริกิติ์ พระบรมราชินีนาถ พระบรมราชชนนีพันปีหลวง สวรรคต</ref>

Health issues and death

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File:2025-10-26 Thai flag at half staff in mourning of Queen Sirikit - img 06.jpg
A Thai national flag flying at half-mast on 26 October 2025 at a hospital in Si Samrong

At dawn on 21 July 2012, Sirikit felt unsteady and staggered while exercising at Siriraj Hospital, where her husband resided. After performing magnetic resonance imaging, a team of physicians determined that she had suffered an ischemic stroke.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She refrained from further public appearances due to her treatment, including the grand audience granted by her husband on his 85th birthday from the Ananta Samakhom Hall on 5 December 2012.<ref>Template:Cite webTemplate:Dead link</ref>

On 29 November 2016, the palace announced that the queen had been discharged from the hospital and returned to the Chitralada Royal Villa for recovery.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Sirikit died at the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital at 21:21 ICT (14:21 UTC) on 24 October 2025, at the age of 93. The Thai Royal Household Bureau reported that she had died due to complications from a blood infection after being hospitalized since 17 October. A year-long mourning period for government officials, as well as a 90-day mourning period for the general public, in her memory was declared by her son, King Vajiralongkorn, and Thai prime minister Anutin Charnvirakul.<ref name=mourninghalfmastdeclaration>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Flags in Thailand were also ordered to fly at half-mast for 30 days.<ref name=mourninghalfmastdeclaration /> Her remains were laid in state in the Dusit Maha Prasat Throne Hall of the Grand Palace in a royal coffin similar to that of her husband's beginning on Sunday, 26 October.

Cultural status

Sirikit's birthday, like King Bhumibol's, is a national holiday, and is also Mother's Day in Thailand. She was particularly revered in the more remote and traditional parts of the country, where the monarchy is regarded as semi-divine.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Failed verification Her work in promoting tolerance and understanding for the Muslim minorities in the southernmost provinces of Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat made her especially popular amongst Thai Muslims.Template:Citation needed The queen had a strong bond with southern Thailand, and she formerly spent months in the Muslim-majority provinces every year.<ref>Template:Citation.</ref>

Books and writing

Template:Unreferenced section Queen Sirikit published In Memory of my European Trip in 1964, which described her time in Europe with the king. She also composed songs for performance by The Handsome Band, the band of the palace.

The songs she composed were:

  • Chao Chom Khwan (เจ้าจอมขวัญ)
  • That Thoe (ทาสเธอ)
  • Sai Yut (สายหยุด)
  • Nang Yaem (นางแย้ม)

Honours and awards

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File:Royal Monogram of Queen Sirikit.svg
Royal monogram of Queen Sirikit
File:Royal Flag of Queen Sirikit.svg
Royal standard of Queen Sirikit, with her cypher on a light blue background (the color of the day of her birthday), often flown in August (near her birthday and Mothers' Day).

In 1976, the Thai government honoured the queen by declaring her birthday on 12 August a national holiday.<ref>Forbes, Andrew (2010). DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Thailand's Beaches & Islands, p. 35. Dorling Kindersley Limited.</ref>

Volunteer Defence Corps of Thailand Rank

Foreign honours

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Eponyms

Queen Sirikit was well known for her charitable work.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She was the honorary president of the Thai Red Cross Society, a post she had held since 1956. She gained new prominence in this role in the aftermath of the tsunami disaster in southern Thailand in December 2004. She was also active in relief work for the many refugees from Cambodia and Myanmar in Thailand.

Many things in Thailand have been named after the Queen:

The queen was also active in promoting Thai culture and history, mainly through her initiative in the making of the Thai movie The Legend of Suriyothai, one of the most lavish and expensive Thai movies ever made.<ref>Template:Citation.</ref>

Genealogical table

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See also

Notes

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References

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