Stinger (cocktail)
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A stinger is a duo cocktail made by adding crème de menthe to brandy (although recipes vary). The cocktail's origins can be traced to the United States in the 1890s, and the beverage remained widely popular in America until the 1970s. It was seen as a drink of the upper class, and has had a somewhat wide cultural impact.
History of the cocktail
The stinger originated about 1890.Template:Sfn The cocktail may have been derived from The Judge, a cocktail made with brandy, crème de menthe, and simple syrup found in William Schmidt's 1892 cocktail book The Flowing Bowl.Template:Sfn It was immediately popular in New York City,Template:Sfn and quickly became known as a "society" drink (i.e. only for the upper classes).Template:Sfn According to bartender Jere Sullivan in his 1930 volume The Drinks of Yesteryear: A Mixology, the stinger remained a critical component of the bartender's repertoire until Prohibition.Template:Sfn
The stinger was not initially seen as a cocktail (i.e., a drink served before dinner), but rather a digestif (after-dinner drink).Template:Sfn Writing in the 1910s and 1920s, humorist Don Marquis's "Hermione" (a fictional daffy society do-gooder) refused to refer to the stinger as a cocktail, indicating its status in upper-class society. Over time, however, the stinger came to be consumed like a cocktail.Template:Sfn
The stinger was a popular drink during Prohibition in the United States, for crème de menthe could mask the taste of the inferior-quality brandies then available.Template:Sfn The stinger began to lose favor with Americans in the late 1970s,Template:Sfn and was not a well-known cocktail in the early 21st century.Template:Sfn
Recipe
The stinger is a duo cocktail, in that it uses only two ingredients: a spirit and a liqueur.Template:Sfn The classic stinger recipe uses three parts brandy and one part white crème de menthe.Template:Sfn However, stinger recipes vary, and some recipes call for equal parts brandy and crème de menthe.Template:Sfn The mixture was originally stirred,Template:Sfn although modern recipes call for it to be shaken with cracked ice.Template:Sfn Early recipes required that a stinger be served straight up, but since the end of Prohibition in the United StatesTemplate:Sfn it became more common for it to be served over crushed ice.Template:Sfn
Cognac, a type of brandy, was identified as the basis for the stinger as early as 1905 in William "Cocktail" Boothby's supplement to his 1900 book, American Bar-Tender.Template:Sfn In the 21st century, cognac is the most commonly used brandy cited by recipes for the stinger's base liquor.Template:Sfn
Cocktail guides recommend that it be served in a cocktail glass if served straight,Template:Sfn or in a rocks glass if served with ice.Template:Sfn
Variations
The amaretto stinger uses a 3-to-1 ratio of amaretto to white crème de menthe,Template:Sfn while an Irish stinger uses equal parts Irish cream liqueur and white crème de menthe.Template:Sfn
The Mexican stinger substitutes tequila for brandy.Template:Sfn
A "vodka stinger", also known as a white spider,Template:Sfn uses vodka instead of brandy.Template:Sfn
The white way cocktail, which celebrates Broadway theatre, is a stinger made with gin rather than brandy.Template:Sfn
Mixologists Oliver Said and James Mellgren cite a cocktail known as the stinger sour. It is made with a 3-to-1-to-1 ratio of bourbon, peppermint schnapps, and lemon juice.Template:Sfn This cocktail is not technically a stinger, since it omits the crème de menthe.Template:SfnTemplate:SfnTemplate:Sfn
Cultural impact
The stinger's popularity in New York City was so great that urban legends attributed the cocktail's genesis to famous millionaire Reginald Vanderbilt. It was further claimed that the stinger was Vanderbilt's favorite cocktail, and he spent hours making them for his guests.Template:Sfn He would shake them up for himself and friends in his barroom, always with a dash of absinthe added. But Vanderbilt did not call this drink the Brant or the Bartholdi—he called it the Stinger.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
The stinger's reputation as a high-society drink led to its appearance in several famous novels. James Bond and Tiffany Case each have a stinger in the 1956 Ian Fleming novel Diamonds are Forever.Template:Sfn The spy Alec Leamas drinks stingers in John le Carré's 1963 novel The Spy Who Came in from the Cold.Template:Sfn
The vodka stinger was the drink of choice for Joanne in the musical Company by Stephen Sondheim, with her calling for one in the song "The Ladies Who Lunch".Template:Sfn
The drink is also featured in the 2007 Mad Men season one episode "Nixon v. Kennedy", set in 1960. The episode features stingers made with Bacardi rum, as Bacardi was a series sponsor.Template:Sfn
Women in Lawrence Block novels sometimes drink stingers. In The Burglar Who Dropped In On Elvis Bernie's date "had two dry Rob Roys first, most of the dinner wine, and a stinger afterward. I had a Bloody Mary for openers, and my after-dinner drink was a cup of coffee. I felt like a cheap date."<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> And in The Burglar in the Closet, "Frankie's drinking, on the other hand, was certainly serious enough to keep the Recovery Room anchored in grim reality. A stinger is always a reasonably serious proposition. A brace of stingers at four o'clock on a weekday afternoon is about as serious as you can get."<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
The stinger was widely mentioned in American motion pictures. Dudley the angel (played by Cary Grant) orders a round of stingers while lunching with ladies from the church in the 1947 film The Bishop's Wife.Template:Sfn The evolving stinger (used with green rather than white crème de menthe) forms a plot point in the 1948 film The Big Clock, when George Stroud (Ray Milland) orders one and a random woman in the bar (Rita Johnson) already knows his name.Template:Sfn In the 1950 Humphrey Bogart and Gloria Grahame film In a Lonely Place, Dix Steele's lush friend Charlie orders a stinger at Paul's bar before the first fight scene. In the 1956 Bing Crosby and Frank Sinatra film High Society, Dexter-Haven's butler offers Stingers at lunch to those who over-indulged in champagne during the previous evening's party.Template:Sfn Cary Grant again orders stingers ("and keep them coming") as he tries to tolerate character Alice Kratzner's (Jayne Mansfield) empty-headed babbling in the 1957 comedy film Kiss Them for Me.Template:Sfn Mr. Dobitsch (Ray Walston) instructs his Marilyn Monroe look-alike date (Joyce Jameson) in the 1960 film The Apartment to not spill the glasses of stingers she is holding as they exit their cab and enter C.C. Baxter's (Jack Lemmon) apartment at night for a tryst. In the 1975 Warren Beatty film Shampoo, at the Republican Party dinner scene Goldie Hawn says, "I'll have a stinger", to which Tony Bill replies, "Before dinner?"Template:Sfn In the 1983 film Gorky Park, William Hurt orders a stinger, and Brian Dennehy makes a rude remark indicating that the drink is not reputable. Roddy McDowall serves Ruth Gordon a stinger in the film Lord Love a Duck (1966), claiming that it is called a stinger because it "removes the sting" (of life), but admittedly, the drink he offers her looks nothing like a stinger.
See also
References
Bibliography
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