Suffolk Wildlife Trust

Hazlewood Marshes

Hazlewood Marshes was a freshwater lagoon until a tidal surge broke through the sea wall and flooded the site with seawater.

Suffolk Wildlife Trust (SWT) describes itself as the county's "nature charity – the only organisation dedicated wholly to safeguarding Suffolk's wildlife and countryside."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It is a registered charity, and its headquarters is at Brooke House in Ashbocking, near Ipswich.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It was founded in 1961,<ref name=about>About us Template:Webarchive, Suffolk Wildlife Trust. Retrieved 3 March 2014.</ref> and is one of 46 wildlife trusts covering Great Britain and Northern Ireland.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> As of March 2017, it has 13,200 members, and it manages Template:Convert of land in 60 nature reserves, most of which are open to the public.Template:Efn It had an income of £3.9 million in the year to 31 March 2017.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Suffolk is a county in East Anglia. It is bounded by Norfolk to the north, Cambridgeshire to the west, Essex to the south and the North Sea to the east. With an area of Template:Convert, it is the eighth largest county in England,<ref name=BSSuffolk>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and in mid-2016 the population was 745,000.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The top level of local government is Suffolk County Council, and below it are five borough and district councils: Babergh, Ipswich, Mid Suffolk, East Suffolk, West Suffolk.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Much of the coast consists of the estuaries of the Orwell, Stour, Alde, Deben and Blyth rivers, with large areas of wetlands and marshes. Agriculture and shipping play a major role in the county's economy.<ref name=BSSuffolk/>

The whole or part of nine SWT reserves are Ramsar internationally important wetland sites, thirty-one are Sites of Special Scientific Interest, four are national nature reserves, ten are Special Protection Areas, ten are Special Areas of Conservation, seven are Nature Conservation Review sites, one contains a scheduled monument and three are local nature reserves. One SWT reserve is in Dedham Vale, which is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB), and seven are in another AONB, Suffolk Coast and Heaths. Template:Kml

Key

Public access

• No = no public access to site
• FP = public access to footpaths through the site
• PL = public access at limited times
• PP = public access to part of site
• Yes = public access to the whole or most of the site

Other classifications

• DVAONB = Dedham Vale Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
• GCR = Geological Conservation Review
• LNR = Local nature reserve

• NCR = Nature Conservation Review
• NNR = National nature reserve
• NT = National Trust
• Ramsar = Ramsar site, an internationally important wetland site
• SAC = Special Area of Conservation
• SCHAONB = Suffolk Coast and Heaths Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
• SM = Scheduled monument
• SPA = Special Protection Area under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds
• SSSI = Site of Special Scientific Interest

Sites

Site	Photograph	AreaTemplate:Efn	LocationTemplate:Efn	Public access	Designations	Description
Template:Anchor Alde Mudflats<ref name=alde>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Alde Mudflats	Template:Convert	Aldeburgh Template:Coord {{#if: TM399562 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM399562 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM399562 |name=}}}}	NO	NCR,<ref name=ratcliffe9>Ratcliffe, A Nature Conservation Review, p. 9.</ref> Ramsar,<ref name=alderamsardefra>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=dsvramsaralde>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SAC,<ref name=defrasacalde>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=dsvsacalde>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SCHAONB,<ref name=schaonb/> SPA,<ref name=defraspaalde>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=dsvspaalde>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SSSI<ref name=sssialde/>	This Template:Convert stretch of inter-tidal mud and saltmarsh supports internationally important numbers of avocets, and other birds include black-tailed godwits, oystercatchers, marsh harriers, pintails, wigeons and grey plovers.<ref name=alde/>
Arger Fen and Spouse's Vale<ref name=arger>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Arger Fen and Spouse's Vale	Template:Convert	Sudbury Template:Coord {{#if: TL932357 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL932357 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL932357 |name=}}}}	YES	DVAONB,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> LNR,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This site has ancient and young woodland, and areas of fen meadow. There is a large population of badgers, and uncommon fauna include hazel dormice and barbastelle bats. There are butterflies such as speckled woods, meadow browns and holly blues.<ref name=arger/>
Template:AnchorBlack Bourn Valley<ref name=blackb>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Black Bourn Valley	Template:Convert	Bury St Edmunds Template:Coord {{#if: TL943650 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL943650 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL943650 |name=}}}}	YES		The River Black Bourn runs through this large nature reserve, which has many bird species, such as barn owls, yellowhammers, linnets, reed buntings and skylarks. Plants in wet meadows include marsh orchids and marsh marigolds.<ref name=blackb/>
Blaxhall Common<ref name=blaxhall>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Blaxhall Common	Template:Convert	Woodbridge Template:Coord {{#if:TM382566 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord|TM382566 _region:GB_scale:25000|TM382566 |name=}}}}	YES	SCHAONB,<ref name=schaonb>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SM,<ref>Template:NHLE</ref> SPA,<ref name=spasandlings>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This dry lowland heath has large areas of heather which supports diverse lichens and mosses, and other areas of grassland which are grazed by rabbits. Heathland birds include nightjars and tree pipits.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Bonny Wood<ref name=bonny>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Bonny Wood	Template:Convert	Ipswich Template:Coord {{#if: TM076524 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM076524 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM076524 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Orchids in this coppiced wood include early-purples, lesser twayblades, common spotteds and greater butterflies. There are many birds, badgers and deer.<ref name=bonny/>
Bradfield Woods<ref name=bradfield>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Bradfield Woods	Template:Convert<ref name=nnrbrad/>	Bury St Edmunds Template:Coord {{#if: TL937580 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL937580 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL937580 |name=}}}}	YES	NNR,<ref name=nnr>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=nnrbrad>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	These woods have a history of coppicing dating to before 1252, producing a very high diversity of flora, with over 370 plant species recorded. Uncommon woodland flowers include oxlip, herb paris and ramson. There is also a rich variety of fungi, with two species not recorded elsewhere in Britain.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Bromeswell Green<ref name=bromes>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Bromeswell Green	Template:Convert	Woodbridge Template:Coord {{#if: TM296505 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM296505 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM296505 |name=}}}}	YES		This site has woodland, saltmarsh and wet meadows. Wetland plants include lesser spearwort, fen bedstraw and southern marsh orchid, the woodland has birds such as nightingales and whitethroats, and rides have many species of butterfly.<ref name=bromes/>
Brooke House<ref name=brooke>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Brooke House	Not available	Ipswich Template:Coord {{#if: TM182541 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM182541 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM182541 |name=}}}}	YES		Brooke House is the headquarters of the Suffolk Wildlife Trust. It was left to the trust by Mary Brooke. It has gardens with fruit trees and a pond, where water voles have been observed.<ref name=brooke/>
Bull's Wood<ref name=bulls>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Bull's Wood	Template:Convert	Bury St Edmunds Template:Coord {{#if: TL918549 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL918549 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL918549 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Flora in this wood include early-purple orchids, herb-paris and the uncommon oxlips. There are roe deer, marsh tits, and butterflies such as gatekeepers, speckled woods and orange tips.<ref name=bulls/>
Template:Anchor Captain's Wood<ref name=captain>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Captain's Wood	Template:Convert	Sudbourne Template:Coord {{#if: TM421531 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM421531 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM421531 |name=}}}}	YES		This site has woodland, rough grassland and scrub. A herd of fallow deer helps to keep the land open, and there are also barn owls, buzzards, mature oak trees and many bluebells.<ref name=captain/>
Carlton and Oulton Marshes<ref name=carlton>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Carlton and Oulton Marshes	Template:Convert	Lowestoft Template:Coord {{#if: TM509919 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM509919 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM509919 |name=}}}}	PP	Ramsar,<ref name=ramsardefrabroad>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=ramsarbroadland>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SAC,<ref name=sacbroads>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=sacbroads2/> SPA,<ref name=spabroadland>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=spabroadland2/> SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Semi-aquatic fen raft spiders were released on the site in 2012 to boost the low British population, and underwater insectiverous bladderworts trap water fleas. Birds of prey include marsh harriers, barn owls and hobbies, and there are many wintering wildfowl and breeding waders.<ref name=carlton/>
Castle Marshes<ref name=castle>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Castle Marshes	Template:Convert	Beccles Template:Coord {{#if: TM470911 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM470911 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM470911 |name=}}}}	NO	Ramsar,<ref name=ramsardefrabroad/><ref name=ramsarbroadland/> SAC,<ref name=sacbroads/><ref name=sacbroads2>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SPA,<ref name=spabroadland/><ref name=spabroadland2>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SSSI<ref name=sssibarnby>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	The site has fen, freshwater dykes and grazing marshes. Resident wildfowl include wigeons, gadwalls, teals and shovelers are joined in winter by migrants when the marshes are flooded. Scarce chaser and the nationally rare Norfolk hawker dragonflies breed on the site, and there are blue-tailed damselflies.<ref name=castle/>
Church Farm Marshes<ref name=church>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	[Church Farm Marshes	Template:Convert	Halesworth Template:Coord {{#if: TM420742 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM420742 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM420742 |name=}}}}	YES		This site has areas of marshland, wet and dry woodland, and grassland. The flower-rich marshes have southern marsh orchid, marsh marigold and ragged robin. Grazing maintains diversity of flora in the meadows and marshes, ensuring a good population of insects, which provide food for birds.<ref name=church/>
Combs Wood<ref name=combs>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Combs Wood	Template:Convert	Stowmarket Template:Coord {{#if: TM052568 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM052568 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM052568 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This is ancient coppice woodland on boulder clay, with variable quantities of sand and loess resulting in different soil types. In areas of pedunculate oak and hornbeam the ground flora is sparse, but it is rich and diverse in ash and maple woodland. Grassy rides and a pond provide additional habitats for invertebrates.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Cornard Mere<ref name=cornard>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Cornard Mere	Template:Convert	Sudbury Template:Coord {{#if: TL886386 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL886386 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL886386 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref name=cornsssi>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This site has diverse habitats, with fen which is seasonally flooded, ruderal herb vegetation, woodland, grassland and scrub. Flora include water mint, gypsywort, skullcap, ragged robin and southern marsh orchid.<ref name=cornsssi/>
Template:Anchor Darsham Marshes<ref name=darsham>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Darsham Marshes	Template:Convert	Halesworth Template:Coord {{#if: TM420692 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM420692 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM420692 |name=}}}}	YES		This marsh and fen site has two ponds and a network of dykes. The wildlife is diverse and flowering plants include ragged-robin, yellow flag, marsh marigold and southern marsh orchid. There are birds such as marsh harriers and hen harriers, and mammals include otters and water voles.<ref name=darsham/>
Dingle Marshes<ref name=dingle>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Dingle Marshes	Template:Convert	Dunwich Template:Coord {{#if:TM479708 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord|TM479708 _region:GB_scale:25000|TM479708 |name=}}}}	YES	NCR,<ref>Ratcliffe, A Nature Conservation Review, pp. 210–211.</ref> NNR<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=nnr/> Ramsar,<ref name= ramsarmins/> SAC,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SCHAONB,<ref name=schaonb/> SPA,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SSSI<ref name=mins>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This site has the largest freshwater reedbeds in Britain. Other habitats are brackish pools, shingle, heath and woodland. There are otters and Exmoor ponies, and birds include bearded tits, bitterns, marsh harriers and grey plovers.<ref name=dingle/>
Dunwich Forest<ref name=dunwich>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Dunwich Forest	Template:Convert	Dunwich Template:Coord {{#if:TM467710 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord|TM467710 _region:GB_scale:25000|TM467710 |name=}}}}	YES		The Trust is transforming this former conifer plantation into a mosaic of broad leaved woodland, lowland heath, acid grassland and wet woodland. Fauna include siskins, adders, noctule bats, red deer and white admiral butterflies.<ref name=dunwich/>
Template:Anchor Fox Fritillary Meadow<ref name=fox>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Fox Fritillary Meadow	Template:Convert	Stowmarket Template:Coord {{#if: TM188607 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM188607 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM188607 |name=}}}}	NO	SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This unimproved meadow is located on heavy alluvial soils at the bottom of a valley. It has a rich variety of flora, including the herbs cowslip, cuckooflower and ragged robin, together with the largest population in East Anglia of the rare snake's head fritillary.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Foxburrow Farm<ref name=foxburrow>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Foxburrow Farm	Template:Convert	Woodbridge Template:Coord {{#if: TM274517 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM274517 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM274517 |name=}}}}	YES		Part of this site is a working farm which is managed by a tenant farmer, and it also has wildlife habitats and an education centre. Birds include little owls, spotted flycatchers and pied wagtails, and there are ponds with great crested newts.<ref name=foxburrow/>
Framlingham Mere<ref name=fram>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Framlingham Mere	Template:Convert	Framlingham Template:Coord {{#if: TM283636 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM283636 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM283636 |name=}}}}	YES		This site has a lake and wet meadows adjoining Framlingham Castle. There are many migrating birds, and flora include marsh marigolds, ragged-robin and lady's smock.<ref name=fram/>
Template:Anchor Groton Wood<ref name=groton>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Groton Wood	Template:Convert	Hadleigh Template:Coord {{#if: TL976428 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL976428 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL976428 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Fifteen species of butterfly have been recorded in this wood, including brimstones, speckled woods and purple hairstreaks. There are many wild cherry trees, and twenty-two seasonal ponds, which have scarce and protected great crested newts.<ref name=groton/>
Gunton Meadow<ref name=guntonm>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Gunton Meadow	Template:Convert	Lowestoft Template:Coord {{#if: TM538960 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM538960 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM538960 |name=}}}}	YES		Gunton Meadow was saved from development as a planning condition for the expansion of a local supermarket. It has scrub, a pond and grassland. There are five species of orchid including the common spotted and green-winged, and great crested newts in the pond.<ref name=guntonm/>
Gunton Warren<ref name=guntonw>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Gunton Warren	Template:Convert	Lowestoft Template:Coord {{#if: TM549958 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM549958 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM549958 |name=}}}}	YES	LNR<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Gunton Warren is a coastal site which has sand dunes, shingle, lowland heath and cliff slopes. Birds include rare migrants such as icterines and yellow-browed warblers.<ref name=guntonw/>
Template:Anchor Hazlewood Marshes<ref name=hazle>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Hazlewood Marshes	Template:Convert	Aldeburgh Template:Coord {{#if: TM442582 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM442582 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM442582 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This was formerly a fresh water lagoon and marshes, but on 5 December 2013 a tidal surge broke through the sea wall and flooded the site with sea water. Whole communities of plants and invertebrates disappeared, and the site is converting to salt marsh, with birds including black-tailed godwits, dunlins, redshanks, lapwings and avocets.<ref name=hazle/>
Hen Reedbeds<ref name=hen>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Hen Reedbeds	Template:Convert	Southwold Template:Coord {{#if: TM471771 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM471771 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM471771 |name=}}}}	YES	NNR,<ref name=nnr/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Ramsar,<ref name=ramsarmins>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SCHAONB,<ref name=schaonb/> SSSI<ref name=mins/>	The reserve is a mix of wetland habitats, including reedbeds, fens, dykes and pools. It was designed to provide a breeding site for bitterns. Other fauna include marsh harriers, herons, bearded tits, four-spotted chaser dragonflies, hairy dragonflies, otters and water voles.<ref name=hen/>
Hopton Fen<ref name=hopton>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Hopton Fen	Template:Convert	Diss Template:Coord {{#if: TL990796 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL990796 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL990796 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref name=hopsssi>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This reed-dominated fen has diverse flora, including devil's bit scabious, black bog-rush, bogbean and early marsh orchid. The Trust is improving the site by excavating new pools, and introducing grazing to restore the open landscape.<ref name=hopton/><ref name=hopsssi/>
Hutchison's Meadow<ref name=hutch>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Hutchison's Meadow	Template:Convert	Woodbridge Template:Coord {{#if: TM280502 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM280502 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM280502 |name=}}}}	NO		This is mixture of wet and dry grassland. It has diverse flowering plants such as southern marsh orchid, common fleabane and ragged robin in wet areas, and yellow rattle and bulbous buttercup in drier ones.<ref name=hutch/>
Template:Anchor Knettishall Heath<ref name=knett>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Knettishall Heath	Template:Convert	Diss Template:Coord {{#if: TL966806 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL966806 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL966806 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	The site is heath and grassland, mainly on acidic soils, with areas of secondary woodland and wet hollows. There are heathland plants such as sheep's sorrel, tormentil, harebell and heath bedstraw, while wet areas have fen vegetation including water mint and yellow iris.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Anchor Lackford Lakes<ref name=lack>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Lackford Lakes	Template:Convert	Bury St Edmunds Template:Coord {{#if: TL800706 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL800706 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL800706 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	The lakes are disused sand and gravel pits in the valley of the River Lark. There are diverse dragonfly species, and many breeding and overwintering birds, including nationally important numbers of gadwalls and shovellers. Skylarks breed on dry grassland, and lapwings in marshy meadows.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Levington Lagoon<ref name=leving>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Levington Lagoon	Template:Convert	Ipswich Template:Coord {{#if: TM238389 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM238389 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM238389 |name=}}}}	NO		This area of open water and saltmarsh on the bank of the River Orwell was formed when the sea wall was breached during the North Sea flood of 1953. The birds are diverse, including greenshanks, dunlins, spotted redshanks, pipits and dunlins. There are plants such as sea lavender.<ref name=leving/>
Lound Lakes<ref name=lound>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Lound Lakes	Template:Convert	Great Yarmouth Template:Coord {{#if: TG511007 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TG511007 _region:GB_scale:25000| TG511007 |name=}}}}	YES		Habitats in this site include open water, woodland, grassland, rush pasture and fen meadow. More than 140 bird species have been recorded there, including hobbies, geese, ducks, reed warblers, gadwalls and oystercatchers. Brown long-eared and noctule bats are also present.<ref name=lound/>
Template:Anchor Market Weston Fen<ref name=market>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Market Weston Fen	Template:Convert	Diss Template:Coord {{#if: TL983789 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL983789 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL983789 |name=}}}}	YES	SAC,<ref name=sacwaveney/><ref name=dsvsacwaveney/> SSSI<ref name=weston>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This spring-fed valley fen has a high and stable water table, and as a result it has a rich and varied flora. The dominant plants in the central fen area are saw sedge, the reed Phragmites australis and blunt-flowered rush. Other habitats include tall fen grassland, heath and a stream. There are many dragonflies and damselflies.<ref name=weston/>
Martins' Meadows<ref name=martin>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Martins' Meadows	Template:Convert	Woodbridge Template:Coord {{#if: TM226572 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM226572 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM226572 |name=}}}}	YES	NCR,<ref>Ratcliffe, A Nature Conservation Review, p. 40.</ref> SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This site has rich flora, and it is described by Natural England as probably the best example in the county of unimproved calcareous clay and neutral grassland. The herb species are especially diverse, including meadow saffron and green-winged orchid, and there are ancient fruit trees.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Martlesham Wilds<ref name=martlesham>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>		Template:Convert	Martlesham Template:Coord {{#if:TM 260 469|{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord|TM 260 469_region:GB_scale:25000|TM 260 469|name=}}}}	YES	Ramsar,<ref name=martlesham/> SSSI<ref name=martlesham/>	A rewilding site on the banks of the River Deben.<ref name=martlesham/>
Mellis Common<ref name=mellis>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Mellis Common	Template:Convert	Eye Template:Coord {{#if: TM100746 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM100746 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM100746 |name=}}}}	YES		The common has changed little over hundreds of years, and is still managed by traditional methods of grazing and hay cutting. Flora include green-winged orchid, sulphur clover and adder's tongue fern, and owls hunt small mammals.<ref name=mellis/>
Mickfield Meadow<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Mickfield Meadow	Template:Convert	Stowmarket Template:Coord {{#if: TM143633 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM143633 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM143633 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Fertilisers and herbicides have never been used on this meadow, and as a result it has a rich variety of flora, including fritillary. The dominant grasses are meadow foxtail, cocksfoot, false oat-grass, timothy and Yorkshire fog.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Mickle Mere<ref name=mickle>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Mickle Mere	Template:Convert	Bury St Edmunds Template:Coord {{#if: TL937696 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL937696 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL937696 |name=}}}}	YES		This area of open water and wet meadows has diverse bird life such as lapwings, kestrels, little egrets and reed buntings, and mammals include water voles and otters.<ref name=mickle/>
Template:Anchor Newbourne Springs<ref name=newbourne>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Newbourne Springs	Template:Convert	Woodbridge Template:Coord {{#if:TM274433 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord|TM274433 _region:GB_scale:25000|TM274433 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Most of this site is a narrow valley with a fast-flowing stream with alder carr and fen. Drier and more acidic soils have grassland, woodland, scrub and bracken heath. The site is actively managed, producing diverse flora and many breeding and migratory birds such as treecreepers, nuthatches and sedge warblers.<ref name=newbourne/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Norah Hanbury-Kelk Meadows<ref name=norah>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Norah Hanbury-Kelk Meadows	Template:Convert	Bury St Edmunds Template:Coord {{#if: TL713740 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL713740 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL713740 |name=}}}}	YES		These wet meadows and dykes have diverse flora, such as southern marsh orchids, lady's smock, early marsh orchid and greater bird's foot trefoil. Birds include snipe and ducks.<ref name=norah/>
North Cove<ref name=north>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	North Cove	Template:Convert	Beccles Template:Coord {{#if: TM471905 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM471905 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM471905 |name=}}}}	YES	Ramsar,<ref name=ramsardefrabroad/><ref name=ramsarbroadland/> SAC,<ref name=sacbroads/><ref name=sacbroads2/> SPA,<ref name=spabroadland/><ref name=spabroadland2/> SSSI<ref name=sssibarnby/>	Since 2020 managed by the owner and Beccles Bird Society, the site has wet woodland, grazing marsh, ponds and dykes. There are birds such as sparrowhawks, woodcocks, redpolls, siskins and the three species of woodpecker. Flora include opposite-leaved golden-saxifrage, bog pimpernel and the nationally scarce marsh fern.<ref name=north/>
Template:Anchor Old Broom<ref name=old>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Old Broom	Template:Convert	Bury St Edmunds Template:Coord {{#if: TL802674 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL802674 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL802674 |name=}}}}	NO		This is a remnant of an ancient wood-pasture landscape with oak pollards between 250 and 500 years old. The dead wood and hollow centres of these trees provide a habitat for fungi and invertebrates, while the bark hosts mosses and lichens.<ref name=old/>
Template:Anchor Papermill Reedbed<ref name=paper>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Papermill Reedbed	Template:Convert	Ipswich Template:Coord {{#if: TM127483 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM127483 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM127483 |name=}}}}	YES		The SWT has restored this area of dry grassland of low ecological value by installing water control measures to create wetland. Several species of dragonfly and damselfly have colonised the water-filled ditches, and they are used by water voles and otters.<ref name=paper/>
Template:Anchor Redgrave and Lopham Fens<ref name=redgrave>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Redgrave and South Lopham Fen	Template:Convert	Diss Template:Coord {{#if: TM049796 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM049796 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM049796 |name=}}}}	YES	NCR,<ref>Ratcliffe, A Nature Conservation Review, p. 214.</ref> NNR,<ref name=nnr/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Ramsar,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SAC<ref name=sacwaveney>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=dsvsacwaveney>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SSSI<ref name=sssired>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This spring-fed valley at the head of the River Waveney has several different types of fen vegetation. There are aquatic plants such as bladderwort, fen pondweed and Charophytes, all of which are indicators of low levels of pollution. The site has the only British population of fen raft spiders.<ref name=sssired/>
Reydon Wood<ref name=reydon>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Reydon Wood	Template:Convert	Southwold Template:Coord {{#if: TM480788 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM480788 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM480788 |name=}}}}	YES		This conifer wood has many old ash and hornbeam stools. There are many wildflowers and birds, and butterflies such as ringlet, gatekeeper and orange tip.<ref name=reydon/>
Roydon Fen<ref name=roydon>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Roydon Fen	Template:Convert	Diss Template:Coord {{#if: TM101797 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM101797 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM101797 |name=}}}}	YES	LNR<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This site was taken over by wet woodland in the twentieth century, but the SWT has restored the eastern end to fen by mowing, and it has many typical fen plants such as marsh helleborine, marsh fragrant orchid and sawsedge.<ref name=roydon/>
Template:Anchor Simpson's Saltings<ref name=simpson>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Simpson's Saltings	Template:Convert	Woodbridge Template:Coord {{#if: TM383453 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM383453 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM383453 |name=}}}}	NO	NCR,<ref name=ratcliffe9/> Ramsar,<ref name=alderamsardefra/><ref name=dsvramsaralde/> SAC,<ref name=defrasacalde/><ref name=dsvsacalde/> SCHAONB,<ref name=schaonb/> SPA,<ref name=defraspaalde/><ref name=dsvspaalde/> SSSI<ref name=sssialde>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	The Saltings are described by the Trust as "one of the county's most important coastal sites for its wealth of uncommon coastal and saltmarsh plants." There are also rare lichens. Habitats include intertidal mud, estuary creeks, saltmarsh, compacted sand and shingle.<ref name=simpson/>
Sizewell Belts<ref name=sizewell>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Sizewell Belts	Template:Convert	Leiston Template:Coord {{#if: TM453639 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM453639 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM453639 |name=}}}}	YES	SCHAONB,<ref name=schaonb/> SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	These unimproved wet meadows are described by Natural England as important for their outstanding assemblages of invertebrates, with many nationally rare and scarce species, and of national significance for its assemblage of breeding birds typical of wet grassland. The aquatic fauna is diverse, including the nationally scarce soft hornwort and fen pondweed.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Snape Marshes<ref name=snape>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Snape Marshes	Template:Convert	Saxmundham Template:Coord {{#if: TM395576 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM395576 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM395576 |name=}}}}	FP		The diverse habitats in this reserve include reed-filled marshes, dry heath and mature oak woodland. It has all four reptiles found in the county, adders, common lizards, grass snakes and slowworms. Birds include barn owls, hobbies and marsh harriers, and freshwater dykes provide a habitat for otters.<ref name=snape/>
Sutton and Hollesley Commons<ref name=sutton>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Sutton and Hollesley Commons	Template:Convert	Woodbridge Template:Coord {{#if: TM335471|{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM335471_region:GB_scale:25000| TM335471|name=}}}}	YES	SCHAONB,<ref name=schaonb/> SPA,<ref name=spasandlings/> SSSI<ref name=sssisut>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	These remnants of the Sandlings HeathsTemplate:Efn consist of dry grass and heather heathland, together with areas of bracken, scrub and pine and birch woodland. Breeding birds include long-eared owls, and hen harriers roost there in the winter.<ref name=sssisut/>
Template:Anchor Thelnetham Fen<ref name=thel>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Thelnetham Fen	Template:Convert	Diss Template:Coord {{#if: TM017786 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM017786 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM017786 |name=}}}}	YES	NCR,<ref>Ratcliffe, A Nature Conservation Review, pp. 214–215.</ref> SAC<ref name=sacwaveney /><ref name=dsvsacwaveney /> SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This wet fen site has many wild flowers, including saw sedge, black bog rush and the rare grass-of-parnassus. Other habitats include wet woodland and reed beds along the bank of the River Little Ouse. The reed beds provide nesting sites for migrant birds such as sedge, grasshopper and reed warblers.<ref name=thel/>
Trimley Marshes<ref name=trimley>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Trimley Marshes	Template:Convert	Felixstowe Template:Coord {{#if: TM 262 355 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM 262 355 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM 262 355 |name=}}}}	YES	Ramsar,<ref name=soramsar>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=dsvramsarstour>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SCHAONB,<ref name=schaonb/> SPA,<ref name=spastour>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=dsvspastour>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This site has a reservoir, islands, reedbeds and marshes. It has a rich variety and number of birds, such as redshankss, avocets, oystercatchers, little grebes and gadwalls.<ref name=trimley/>
Template:AnchorWangford Warren<ref name=wangford>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Wangford Warren	Template:Convert	Brandon Template:Coord {{#if: TL759840 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TL759840 _region:GB_scale:25000| TL759840 |name=}}}}	PL	NCR,<ref>Ratcliffe, A Nature Conservation Review, p. 134.</ref> SAC,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SPA,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> SSSI<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This dry site has sand dunes and mounds which are stabilised by sand sedge and grasses. It is one of only two inland sites in Britain which has grey hair-grass, and other rare plants include shepherd's cress, bearded fescue and reindeer moss. Uncommon solitary bees and wasps burrow into sand.<ref name=wangford/>
Winks Meadow<ref name=winks>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Winks Meadow	Template:Convert	Stowmarket Template:Coord {{#if: TM303799 |{{#invoke:Ordnance Survey coordinates|oscoord| TM303799 _region:GB_scale:25000| TM303799 |name=}}}}	YES	SSSI<ref name=metfield>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	This meadow on a disused airfield is unimproved grassland, with a rich variety of flora on chalky boulder clay. There are many green-winged orchids, cowslips and pepper saxifrages.<ref name=metfield/> The meadow is grazed by cattle or cut for hay to maintain the diversity of the wild flowers.<ref name=winks/>

See also

• List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Suffolk
• National Nature Reserves in Suffolk
• List of Local Nature Reserves in Suffolk

Sources

• Template:Cite book

External links

• Suffolk Wildlife Trust website