United Biscuits

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United Biscuits (UB) is a British multinational food manufacturer, makers of McVitie's biscuits, Jacob's Cream Crackers, and Twiglets. The company was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. In November 2014, the company was acquired by Yıldız Holding and is now part of Pladis.

United Biscuits manufactures in a number of countries across Europe, such as the Netherlands, France and Belgium. It also has a manufacturing site in India. The company's headquarters is in Chiswick Business Park in west London.

History

United Biscuits (UB) was formed in 1948 by a merger of two Scottish family businesses: McVitie & Price and MacFarlane Lang.<ref>"A New Biscuit Company." The Times [London, England] 19 March 1948: 9.</ref> In 1962, United Biscuits acquired William Crawford & Sons, a Scottish baker founded in Leith in 1813, for £6 million.<ref>"United Biscuits Crawfords For More Than £6M." The Times [London, England] 24 May 1962: 19.</ref> In 1965, the company also acquired William MacDonald & Sons for £2.8 million, and brought the Penguin brand to the group.<ref>"£2.8M. Biscuit Merger." The Times [London, England] 21 January 1965: 22.</ref>

The company was listed on the London Stock Exchange as United Biscuits plc on 27 July 1948.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1972, United Biscuits acquired Carr's of Carlisle, makers of Table Water biscuits, from James Goldsmith's Cavenham Foods for £2.75 million.<ref>Anthony Rowley. "Cavenham sell biscuit interests for £4m." The Times [London, England] 5 July 1972: 19.</ref> Two years later, in 1974, it acquired the US-based Keebler Company for $53 million. It also owned the Wimpy Bar fast food restaurant chain between 1977 and 1989, before selling it off to Burger King.<ref name="caterersearch">"Information on Wimpy's Franchise Template:Webarchive",Caterer Search. Retrieved on 29 January 2008.</ref>

United Biscuits acquired the frozen food company Ross Young's from Hanson in 1988 for £335 million.<ref name=history>Template:Cite web</ref>

It sold Keebler for $500 million in 1995 after giving up efforts to break into the American market.<ref>United Biscuits Sells Keebler for $500 Million</ref> In 1998 PepsiCo purchased Smith's Snackfood Company from United Biscuits.<ref>No intervention in Smith's sale Australian Competition & Consumer Commission 21 August 1998</ref>

United Biscuits was de-listed from the London Stock Exchange and acquired in May 2000 by Finalrealm, a consortium of financial investors, as well as Nabisco Holdings Corporation. As part of the transaction, UB acquired Nabisco's European businesses<ref name="find1">Template:Cite news</ref> and divested several parts of its international business in Scandinavia, continental Europe, Asia (Keebler Malaysia and Singapore), several brands including TUC and 70% shareholding in Fazer Keksit (Biscuit) in Finland to Groupe Danone and Far East (China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan) to Nabisco.<ref>United Biscuits (holdings) Limited, 1999 Annual Report</ref> The company sold Young's Bluecrest in 2001, in order to concentrate on the sweet biscuit sector.<ref name="find4">Template:Cite news</ref> In September 2004, United Biscuits bought the UK portion of Groupe Danone's Jacob's Biscuit Group for £240 million, including Cream Crackers and Twiglets.<ref name="find3">Template:Cite news</ref> In July 2006, the company sold its Southern European biscuits business to Kraft Foods, which in turn left the owner syndicate.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In October 2006, MidOcean Partners sold the company to a consortium made up of the Blackstone Group and PAI Partners.<ref name="find2">Template:Cite news</ref> The deal was completed in December 2006.<ref>Template:Cite press release</ref><ref>Template:Cite press release</ref>

In December 2012, UB agreed the sale of its KP Snacks business to Intersnack for £500 million.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On 3 November 2014, private equity funds managed by Blackstone and PAI Partners announced the sale of United Biscuits to Yıldız Holding.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Operations

The core of the business is in the United Kingdom, where it produces biscuits under a number of brand names, including: McVitie's biscuits and Jacob's Cream Crackers.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The company manufactures in a number of countries across Europe, such as the Netherlands, France and Belgium. It also has a manufacturing site in India.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The company's headquarters is in Chiswick Business Park in west London. The company's main UK distribution centre is at Ashby-de-la-Zouch.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Brands

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Jacob's

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McVities

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United Biscuits Network

The United Biscuits Network, a closed-circuit radio network serving their factories across the UK which was active from 1970 to 1979, spawned the career of UK radio presenter Steve Allen and TV and radio personality Dale Winton.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In his 2009 book The Pleasures and Sorrows of Work, Alain de Botton chronicles his tour and brief experiences with employees of United Biscuits as they launched the "Moments" biscuit line.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

See also

References

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