Vero - Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/April 20

Images

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  Pierre Trudeau
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  Claude Bernard
• Louis Pasteur (requires undeletion)
  Louis Pasteur (requires undeletion)
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  Louis Pasteur
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  René Caillié
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  Ruins of the Ludlow colony
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  Portrait of Oliver Cromwell by Samuel Cooper
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  Red Army Faction logo, showing a Heckler & Koch MP5 submachine gun on top of a red star, overlaid with the letters "RAF"
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  Billie Holiday
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  Pope Leo XIII
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  Enoch Powell
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  Danica Patrick
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  Fernando Lugo
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Ineligible

Blurb	Reason
1303 – Pope Boniface VIII issued a bull establishing what is now Sapienza University of Rome, today one of the largest universities in Europe.	refimprove section
1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolved the Rump Parliament of the Commonwealth of England by force, eventually replacing it with the Barebone's Parliament.	refimprove section
1792 – After Foreign Minister Charles François Dumouriez presented the French Legislative Assembly with a long list of grievances against Austria, France declared war to begin the French Revolutionary Wars.	refimprove section
1862 – French chemist Louis Pasteur and physiologist Claude Bernard completed the first test on pasteurization.	date not in article; Pasteur listed on Sept 28 (death date); fact not in Bernard article
1884 – Pope Leo XIII published the encyclical Humanum genus, denouncing Freemasonry as well as a number of beliefs and practices purportedly associated with it such as popular sovereignty and the separation of church and state.	lots of assorted inline maintenance tags
1908 – The inaugural season of the New South Wales Rugby League premiership began with nine teams competing in Australia's first Rugby league football competition.	Season: refimprove section; NSWRL: refimprove
1912 – Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts, and Tiger Stadium in Detroit, Michigan, were opened.	Fenway: refimprove section
1998 – The violent German revolutionary group known as the Red Army Faction announced that it had dissolved.	refimprove section

Eligible

• 1537 – Bacatá, the main settlement of the Muisca Confederation in present-day Colombia, was conquered by Spanish conquistadors led by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
• 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition: Commanded by Napoleon, Franco-German forces defeated a reinforced Austrian corps at the Battle of Abensberg.
• 1818 – Four days after the Court of King's Bench upheld an English murder suspect's right to a trial by battle in Ashford v Thornton, the plaintiff declined to fight, allowing the defendant to go free.
• 1828 – French explorer René Caillié reached Timbuktu in present-day Mali, and later received a 9,000-franc prize from the Société de Géographie for being the first European to return with a description of the city.
• 1914 – A fire and a gun battle between the Colorado National Guard and striking coal miners led to 17 deaths in the Ludlow Massacre.
• 1939 – Adolf Hitler's 50th birthday was celebrated as a national holiday in Nazi Germany.
• 1939 – Billie Holiday recorded the song "Strange Fruit", which later became an emblem of the civil rights movement.
• 1942 – World War II: German and Italian forces began a large-scale counter-insurgency operation in occupied Yugoslavia.
• 1968 – Enoch Powell (pictured), a British Conservative member of Parliament, made a controversial speech in opposition to immigration and anti-discrimination legislation, resulting in his removal from the shadow cabinet.
• 1968 – South African Airways Flight 228 crashed shortly after take-off from Windhoek in South West Africa, resulting in 123 deaths.
• 1978 – Korean Air Lines Flight 902 was shot down after violating Soviet airspace and was forced to make an emergency landing.
• 1999 – Students Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold carried out a massacre at Columbine High School, killing 13 people before committing suicide.
• 2008 – American racing driver Danica Patrick won the Indy Japan 300, becoming the first woman to win an IndyCar auto race.
• 2008 – Fernando Lugo became the first candidate not from the Colorado Party candidate to be elected President of Paraguay in 61 years.
• Born/died this day: | Cædwalla of Wessex |d|689| Elizabeth Barton|d|1534| Peter Bartholomew|d|1099| Allegra Byron|d|1822| John Abernethy|d|1831| Paul Poiret|b|1879| Dave Bancroft|b|1891| Elmer Gedeon|d|1944| Toller Cranston |b|1949| Vjekoslav Luburić|d|1969| Nina Davuluri|b|1989|

Template:Main page image/OTD April 20: Easter (Christianity, 2025); first day of Ridván (Baháʼí Faith, 2025); 420 (cannabis culture)

• 1535 – Sun dogs were observed over Stockholm, Sweden, inspiring Vädersolstavlan (pictured), the oldest coloured depiction of the city.
• 1657 – Anglo-Spanish War: The English navy sank much of a Spanish treasure fleet at the Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife off the Canary Islands, but was unable to capture the treasure.
• 1968 – Pierre Trudeau was sworn in as prime minister of Canada, succeeding Lester B. Pearson.
• 2004 – An incomplete tunnel leading to the Nicoll Highway MRT station in Singapore collapsed, resulting in four deaths and the station's relocation.
• 2010 – An explosion on Deepwater Horizon, an offshore rig in the Gulf of Mexico, resulted in the largest marine oil spill in history.