Voiced velar lateral approximant
Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Template:Infobox IPA Template:Infobox IPA Template:Infobox IPA
A voiced velar lateral approximant is a type of consonantal sound, used as a distinct consonant in a very small numberTemplate:Sfnp of spoken languages in the world. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that has represented this sound since 1989 is Template:Angbr IPA, a small capital letter l.
Velar laterals often involve a prestopped realization {{#invoke:IPA|main}}.Template:Sfnp
According to Template:Harvp, the extremely short duration of {{#invoke:IPA|main}} in intervocalic position (20–30 ms) in some of the languages in New Guinea, such as Kanite and Melpa, warrants calling it a voiced velar lateral tap. The IPA has no specific symbol for this sound, but it may be represented with a breve for extra-short, such as Template:Angbr IPA, to indicate a tapped consonant.
It is reported that some dialects of English may have a voiced uvular lateral approximant,Template:Sfnp which can be represented in the IPA as Template:Angbr IPA (a retracted Template:Angbr IPA), though evidence of this consonant is limited.
Features
Features of a voiced velar lateral approximant:
Template:Approximant Template:Velar Template:Voiced Template:Oral Template:Lateral Template:Pulmonic
A velar lateral {{#invoke:IPA|main}} involves no contact of the tip of the tongue with the roof of the mouth: just like for a velar stop {{#invoke:IPA|main}}, the only contact takes place between the back of the tongue and the velum. This contrasts with a velarized alveolar lateral approximant {{#invoke:IPA|main}} – also known as the dark l in English feel {{#invoke:IPA|main}} – for which the apex touches the alveolar ridge.Template:Sfnp
Occurrence
Velar
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | Southern USTemplate:Sfnp | middle | {{#invoke:IPA|main}} | 'middle' | May occur before or after a velar consonant, as in milk and cycle, when assimilating /ʊ/, as in wolf, or before labial consonants, as in help. See English phonology |
| full | {{#invoke:IPA|main}} | 'full' | |||
| Franco-Provençal<ref>[1]</ref> | grêlon | main}} | 'hailstone' | Valais dialects | |
| HiwTemplate:Sfnp | r̄evr̄ov | main}} | 'evening' | May be realized as prestopped {{#invoke:IPA|main}}, affricate Template:IPAblink, or laterally released stop {{#invoke:IPA|main}}. | |
| MelpaTemplate:Sfnp | paⱡa | Template:Audio-IPA | 'fence' | May be realized as prestopped {{#invoke:IPA|main}} or tapped {{#invoke:IPA|main}}. | |
| Mid-WahgiTemplate:Sfnp | aglagle | {{#invoke:IPA|main}} | 'dizzy' | May be realized as prestopped {{#invoke:IPA|main}}. | |
Uvular
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | Some American speakersTemplate:Sfnp | wool | {{#invoke:IPA|main}} | 'wool' | May be velar or simply alveolar instead. See English phonology. |
See also
- Voiceless velar lateral approximant, {{#invoke:IPA|main}}
- Velarized alveolar lateral approximant, {{#invoke:IPA|main}}
- Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative, {{#invoke:IPA|main}}
- Voiced velar lateral fricative, {{#invoke:IPA|main}}
- Voiceless velar lateral fricative, {{#invoke:IPA|main}} or extIPA {{#invoke:IPA|main}}
- Index of phonetics articles
Notes
References
- Template:Citation
- Template:Citation
- Template:SOWL
- Template:Citation
- Template:Citation
- Template:Accents of English