Walt Sweeney

Walter Francis Sweeney (April 18, 1941 – February 2, 2013) was an American professional football player who was a guard in the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Syracuse Orange and was named to the school's all-century team. He also played in the North–South Bowl and the College All-Star Game. A first-round draft pick of the San Diego Chargers in 1963, Sweeney helped them win the AFL championship.

Early life

Sweeney was born on April 18, 1941, in Cohasset, Massachusetts to Jack and Mary Ann (McCormick) Sweeney. He was the youngest of seven children. Jack Sweeney was killed by a drunk driver when Sweeney was two years old.<ref name=":7">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="la">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":3">Template:Cite news</ref> Sweeney's own alcohol and drug abuse, and battle against addiction, would become a well-known feature of his life.

He attended Cohasset High School, where he was a running back on the football team.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref> The team was undefeated in 1957.<ref name=":0" /> In 1958, he was one of the top-scoring offensive players among 120 Boston area high schools.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Sweeney was the first Cohasset student to play in the National Football League.<ref name=":1">Template:Cite news</ref>

College

Sweeney attended Syracuse University on a football scholarship.<ref name=":3" /> He played wide receiver or tight end on the varsity football team from 1960 to 1962, as well as defensive end.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> His best season as a receiver was as a junior in 1961, catching nine passes for 137 yards and one touchdown.<ref name=":4">Template:Cite web</ref> As a senior, he was an All-American football player, on an 8–2 team.<ref name=":1" /> He was used mostly as a blocker and defensive end as a senior in 1962.<ref name=":2">Template:Cite news</ref> He had lost his scholarship before the 1962 season started because of his involvement in a drunken brawl, but a wealthy alumnus paid his tuition that year.<ref name=":3" />

Sweeney played under College Football Hall of Fame head coach Ben Schwartzwalder, and on the same team as future Pro Football Hall of Fame tight end John Mackey.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He also played with future NFL players Jim Nance and Dave Meggyesey.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> After his final Syracuse game in early December 1962, Sweeney signed a contract with Sid Gillman to play for the San Diego Chargers of the American Football League, on national television, while still on the field after the game.<ref name=":6">Template:Cite news</ref> Syracuse upset UCLA in that game 12–7, with Sweeney being named outstanding lineman of the game.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":2" />

Sweeney played in the North-South game in late December 1962 and the Senior Bowl in early 1963.<ref name=":2" /> He also played in the third annual All-American game.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He was also selected to play in the College All Star Game.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He was named second-team All East, along with Mackey, by the Associated Press in 1962.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In 1999, he was selected as a member of Syracuse’s All-Century Team.<ref name=":5">Template:Cite web</ref>

Professional career

The NFL's Cleveland Browns selected Sweeney in the 8th round of the 1963 NFL draft, 107th overall.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The San Diego Chargers selected Sweeney with the 2nd overall draft pick in the 1963 AFL draft.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Immediately after Sweeney's final Syracuse game on December 8, 1962, while on national television and still on the playing field, he signed a contract with Sid Gillman to play for the Chargers.<ref name=":6" /> Although Sweeney had been used as a blocking end on offense and at defensive end, Gillman planned to make Sweeney a guard when he joined the Chargers.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

A premier guard, Sweeney was versatile enough to fill virtually any offensive line position.Template:Citation needed Sweeney spent 11 seasons as an offensive guard with the Chargers, then played two seasons with the Washington Redskins; his career ending in 1975, after a severe knee injury.<ref name="la" />

The Chargers won the AFL championship in Sweeney's 1963 rookie season. Sweeney played a number of roles on the 1963 championship team, but did not start any games at guard. His chief contribution was on special teams, as a tackler, playing less than 30 minutes overall during the season at guard.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":13">Template:Cite news</ref>

Sweeney was slotted as a starting guard going into the 1964 season, having put on considerable muscle after working with weights in the off-season.<ref name=":13" /> As Sweeney himself later stated, he had also been supplied with steroids by the Chargers.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":10" /> He started all 14 games at guard in 1964, and would start every regular season game for the Chargers from 1964 through 1973.<ref name=":7" /> He was named to AFL All-Star teams and NFL Pro Bowls for eight or nine consecutive years at offensive guard, beginning with the 1964 or 1965 AFL All-Star Team.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":11">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1970, Sweeney was selected to the All-Time All-AFL second-team.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":11" /> In 1965, the Associated Press (AP) selected him second-team All-AFL.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1967, the AP, Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA) and United Press International (UPI) selected him first-team All-AFL.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1968, the AP and NEA again selected him first-team All-AFL, as did The Sporting News; and Pro Football Weekly selected him first-team All-AFL/NFL.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1969, the NEA and Pro Football Weekly named him first-team All-AFL/NFL and UPI named him first-team All-AFL.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1970, the first year of the AFL/NFL merger into the National Football League, the NEA selected him first-team All-Pro, and the AP and Pro Football Weekly named him first-team All-AFC.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1971, the NEA named him a second-team All-Pro, and AP and UPI named him first-team All-AFC.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

After starting in 140 straight games for the Chargers from 1964 to 1973, he was traded to the Washington Redskins after the 1973 season for future draft picks. He then started 27 straight games for Washington. Sweeney had knee surgery in 1975 before the season started. His career ended in the last regular season game of the 1975 season with another knee injury, when he was clipped by a Philadelphia Eagles defensive lineman. Sweeney thought there was some irony and justice in his being injured on an illegal maneuver, "'after all the defensive tackles I had held through the years", including pulling on opponents' face masks.<ref name=":14">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":7" /><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":12">Template:Cite news</ref>

Drug use and conflict with NFL

Sweeney had been a heavy drinker, but stated he was introduced to drug use during his early years with the Chargers, and consistently took drugs to enhance his performance throughout his entire career. Sweeney stated that early in his career Chargers' trainers and team doctors provided him and other players with amphetamines, sedatives, pain killers and steroids as a normal part of game preparation; and that players could even be fined if they did not take the steroids provided by the team.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":12" /> Sweeney described the atmosphere with the Chargers as "'It was like the wild, wild West .... Everything went. There was speed, painkillers, steroids. And if there was a guy around like Terrell Owens at that time, someone would have kicked his ass all over the field.'"<ref name=":10">Template:Cite web</ref>

The Chargers had become the first team to hire a weight training specialist, beginning in their 1963 training camp. In Gillman's biography, Sid Gillman Father Of The Passing Game, it states that this new trainer provided the players with a then legal steroid, Dianabol, which they were to take three times a day. Failure to do so resulted in a $50 fine.<ref name=":9">Template:Cite book</ref> A group of players, led by future Hall of Fame tackle and attorney Ron Mix, successfully fought the requirement to take the pills. The team still provided Dianabol during the 1963 and 1964 seasons, and even after that the team doctors are alleged to have written Dianabol prescriptions for some players during the 1965 to 1970 time period.<ref name=":9" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":10" />

After the NFL began implementing penalties for drug use, Sweeney was among several Chargers fined by the league in 1974 for drug use. Sweeney was fined $1,000, and claimed he had done nothing illegal.<ref name="la" /><ref name=":8" /><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> A fierce critic of the NFL, he blamed the league for his prolonged problems with drugs and alcohol. Towards the end of his life he retained this bitterness. "'If a guy breaks his back in the N.F.L., they'll pay him. That didn't happen to me. Instead, these guys broke my mind.'"<ref name=":8">Template:Cite news</ref> Sweeney ultimately filed a lawsuit against the NFL, alleging that the drugs originally provided by the Charges led to his addiction, resulting in cognitive and personal injuries. The NFL argued it was Sweeney's own choice to use those drugs, and that any injuries he had were the result of playing in NFL games, and that such injuries would be addressed by the league's pension fund. Sweeney was victorious at trial in 1995, winning $1.8 million, but that decision was reversed on appeal in 1997.<ref name=":8" />

He briefly served as a drug counselor at a San Diego hospital and appeared with Nancy Reagan in a promo for her "Just Say No" campaign. Even during this time, however, he continued to take drugs.<ref name="la" /> It was only in the recent years before his death in 2013 that Sweeney was able to get his addiction under control.<ref name="la" />

Legacy and honors

Sweeney, who stood 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) and weighed 256 pounds (116.1 kg),<ref name=":7" /> was such an aggressive and intimidating presence on the field that Hall of Fame defensive tackle Merlin Olsen famously remarked, "'If I had to play against Sweeney every day I'd rather sell used cars'".<ref name="la"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Olsen once went into the Chargers’ huddle to tell Sweeney if he grabbed Olsen’s face mask again Olsen would break Sweeney’s neck.<ref name=":14" /> In his Los Angeles Times' obituary, it was indicated that Sweeney’s aggressiveness was attributable in part to Sweeney's use of amphetamines in playing games.<ref name="la" />

Sweeney was inducted into the Chargers Hall of Fame in 1981.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Professional Football Researchers Association named Sweeney to the PRFA Hall of Very Good Class of 2009.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2012, Sweeney wrote his autobiography with sports author Bill Swank, entitled Off Guard.<ref name="la" /><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Personal life

Sweeney's life was difficult after retirement, including failed marriages, encounters with the police, job losses, the reversal in his lawsuit, four knee replacements and a hip replacement; all leading to a feeling of hopelessness.<ref name="la" />

Death

Sweeney died of pancreatic cancer on February 2, 2013, at his home in San Diego, California.<ref>Walt Sweeney obituary, espn.go.com; accessed September 29, 2014.</ref> He was survived by his children Kristin and Patrick.<ref name="la" />

See also

• List of American Football League players