Ye (Cyrillic)
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E (Е е; italics: Е е or Е е; italics: Е е), known in Russian and Belarusian as Ye, Je, or Ie, is a letter of the Cyrillic script. In some languages this letter is called E. It commonly represents the vowel Template:IPA or Template:IPA, like the pronunciation of Template:Angle bracket in "yes". It was derived from the Greek letter epsilon (Ε ε), and the shape is very similar to the Latin letter E or another version of E (Cyrillic).
Ye is romanized using the Latin letter E for Bulgarian, Serbian, Macedonian, Ukrainian and Rusyn, and occasionally Russian (Озеро Байкал, Ozero Baykal), Je for Belarusian (Заслаўе, Zaslaŭje), Ye for Russian (Европа, Yevropa), and Ie occasionally for Russian (Днепр, Dniepr) and Belarusian (Маладзе́чна, Maladziečna).
Usage
Russian and Belarusian
- At the beginning of a word or after a vowel, Ye represents the phonemic combination Template:IPA (phonetically Template:IPA or Template:IPA), like the pronunciation of Template:Angle bracket in "yes". Ukrainian uses the letter Template:Angle bracket (see Ukrainian Ye) in this way.
- Following a consonant, Ye indicates that the consonant is palatalized, and represents the vowel Template:IPA (phonetically Template:IPA or Template:IPA), like the pronunciation of Template:Angle bracket in "yes".
In Russian, the letter Template:Angle bracket can follow unpalatalized consonants, especially Template:Angle bracket, Template:Angle bracket, and Template:Angle bracket. In some loanwords, other consonants before Template:Angle bracket (especially Template:Angle bracket, Template:Angle bracket, Template:Angle bracket, Template:Angle bracket, Template:Angle bracket, and Template:Angle bracket) are also not palatalized, see E (Cyrillic). The letter Template:Angle bracket also represents Template:IPA (as in "yogurt") and Template:IPA after palatalized consonants, Template:Angle bracket, and Template:Angle bracket. In these cases, Template:Angle bracket may be used, see Yo (Cyrillic). In unstressed syllables, Template:Angle bracket represents reduced vowels like Template:IPA, see Russian phonology and Vowel reduction in Russian.
Bulgarian, Serbian, Macedonian, Ukrainian and Rusyn
This letter is called E, and represents the vowel phoneme Template:IPA (phonetically Template:IPA or Template:IPA), like the pronunciation of Template:Angle bracket in the word "set".
Mongolian
The letter represents the sound Template:IPA (й+ө) at the beginning of words (yo represents Template:IPA) like ес (nine) and ерөнхийлөгч (president), and also represents Template:IPA at the beginning of some words and in the middle or end of words and Template:IPA in Russian loanwords and transcriptions of foreign names. Finally, it represents Template:IPA in the volitional forms of certain verbs like хүргэе and тэгье, etc.
Turkic languages and Tajik
In Turkic languages utilizing the Cyrillic script (such as Kazakh, Kyrgyz and Uzbek) and in Tajik, Ye is used to represent the phoneme Template:IPA link~Template:IPA link, both word-finally and medially. Isolated, word-initially, or vowel-succeeding, this letter is substituted with the letter Э. If the letter Ye occurs word-initially, isolated, or vowel-succeeding, it represents the phoneme /je/~/jɛ/. This is done in imitation of the Russian usage, as many of these languages received Cyrillic orthographies as part of Russification in the Soviet Union.
Related letters and other similar characters
- the Latin letter E
- the Latin letter É
- the Greek letter Ε
- Ukrainian Ye