2025
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Template:Short description Template:About year Template:Pp-vandalism Template:Use mdy dates Template:Events by month Template:Year nav Template:C21 year in topic Template:Year in various calendars Template:Year article header
So far, the year has seen an escalation of major armed conflicts,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> including the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which began peace negotiations involving Vladimir Putin and Donald Trump. There were also the Sudanese civil and Gaza wars, which had escalated into a famine and humanitarian crisis. Internal crises in Armenia, Bangladesh, Ecuador, France, Georgia, Germany, Haiti, Peru, Somalia, and South Korea continued into this year, with the latter leading to President Yoon Suk Yeol's arrest and removal from office. The year has also seen a wave of protests predominantly led by Generation Z, with some, like those in Nepal and Madagascar, resulting in the overthrow of governments. Several brief conflicts out of longstanding tensions emerged mid-year—India–Pakistan in May, Iran–Israel in June, and Cambodia–Thailand in July, in which a leaked phone call involving Thai prime minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra and Cambodian senate president Hun Sen resulted in the removal of the former.
In economics and business, the return of Donald Trump to the U.S. presidency ushered in a series of tariffs levied by America on most of the world, significantly disrupting global trade, in addition to reinvigorating the China–United States trade war. The technology sector was additionally hit with the release of DeepSeek's chatbot, a Chinese large language model which competes with ChatGPT. Aviation and aerospace also saw accidents this year, including when Air India Flight 171 crashed in Ahmedabad, India. Several advances in space exploration were made as well, including the first crewed polar orbit spaceflight, and the first fully successful landing of a spacecraft on the Moon by a private company.
Events
January
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- January 1
- Poland takes over the Presidency of the Council of the European Union, after the Hungarian presidency.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Bulgaria and Romania complete the process of joining the Schengen Area, lifting land border controls.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Liechtenstein becomes the 37th country to legalize same-sex marriage.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Ukraine halts the transportation of many Russian gas supplies through the country following the expiration of a five-year transit deal, while also becoming a state party in the International Criminal Court.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Fifteen people are killed (including the perpetrator) and 57 others are injured during a vehicle-ramming and shooting attack in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Thirteen people are killed and 3 more injured in a shooting in Cetinje, Montenegro.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- January 6 – Indonesia becomes the tenth member to join BRICS.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 7
- A 7.1 magnitude earthquake strikes Tibet, China, killing at least 126 people, with another 338 are injured.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Greater Los Angeles experiences the most destructive wildfires in its history, fueled by strong winds and prolonged drought conditions. Over 13,000 structures are destroyed, including most of Sunset Boulevard. At least 29 deaths are reported, while 180,000 people are evacuated, with fires continuing for days.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 8 – Eighteen gunmen and a soldier are killed in an attack on the presidential palace in N'Djamena, the capital of Chad.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 9 – The Commander of the Lebanese Armed Forces, Joseph Aoun, is elected the 14th president of Lebanon by parliament, ending the power vacuum that lasted over two years.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 10 – The European Copernicus Climate Change Service reports that 2024 was the world's hottest year on record, and the first calendar year to pass the symbolic threshold of 1.5 °C of global warming.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- January 11 – A gas station explosion in Al Bayda, Yemen, results in 40 deaths and dozens of others injured.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 12 – 2024–25 Croatian presidential election: Zoran Milanović is re-elected for a second term.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 13 – C/2024 G3 (ATLAS), a non-periodic comet, reaches perihelion, and is dubbed The Great Comet of 2025.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 14 – February 2 – The 2025 World Men's Handball Championship is held in Croatia, Denmark and Norway, and is won by Denmark.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 15
- The President of South Korea, Yoon Suk Yeol, is successfully arrested after a second attempt by police following a martial law declaration and successful impeachment motion last December.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Gaza war: Israel and Hamas approve a ceasefire agreement that seeks to end the war, exchange Israeli hostages and Palestinian prisoners, and allow in international aid. It took effect on January 19.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Colossal Biosciences and University of Melbourne create the world's first artificial womb in marsupials as part of their project toward de-extinction of the thylacine.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 16
- Blue Origin successfully launches its heavy-lift launch vehicle, New Glenn, on its first attempt, though fails to land its first stage booster as intended.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- The 2025 Vanuatuan general election is held.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- The National Liberation Army (ELN) launches multiple attacks in the Catatumbo region, northeastern Colombia. Over 100 people are killed during the clashes.<ref name="fr24">Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 18
- 98 people are killed in a fuel tanker explosion near Suleja, Niger State, Nigeria.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Two Sharia judges are assassinated in their rooms at the Supreme Court of Iran in capital Tehran. The gunman injured two other people and committed suicide after the attacks.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 19 – Gaza war: A ceasefire goes into effect, lasting until an Israeli surprise attack on 18 March.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 21 – 78 people are killed after a fire breaks out in a hotel in the ski resort of Kartalkaya, Turkey.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 23
- Micheál Martin is re-elected prime minister (Taoiseach) of Ireland by Dáil Éireann for a second non-consecutive term.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Thailand becomes the 38th country and the first in Southeastern Asia to legalize same-sex marriage.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 24
- Storm Éowyn hits Ireland and the United Kingdom. Record high wind speeds of Template:Convert are recorded in Ireland, while over a million homes are left without power.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- A series of ongoing boycotts in Southeastern European countries took place of several retail stores in that region, in response to raised food prices and alleged price fixing.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 25 – The Dacian-era Helmet of Coțofenești, on loan from the National History Museum of Romania, is stolen along with three other gold artifacts from the Drents Museum in Assen by thieves who broke into the museum using explosives.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 26 – The 2025 Belarusian presidential election is held,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> with incumbent Alexander Lukashenko (independent, but of the Belaya Rus alliance) being re-elected.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 27 – Global technology shares outside China fall sharply in response to the release of DeepSeek's chatbot, a Chinese competitor to OpenAI's ChatGPT. Chip giant Nvidia loses almost $600 billion of its value, the biggest drop for a single company in U.S. stock market history.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- January 29
- 2025 Potomac River mid-air collision: A United States Army Black Hawk helicopter with three occupants on board, collides with a Bombardier CRJ700 operated by PSA Airlines with 64 occupants on board in Washington, D.C., United States. There are no survivors.<ref name="CNN-Jan30">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Ahmed al-Sharaa is appointed as the president of Syria, after a one-month vacancy following the fall of the Assad regime.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
February
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- February 4
- China–United States trade war: China announces export controls and increased tariffs on certain American imports in retaliation for Donald Trump's imposition of tariffs on Chinese goods.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- At least 11 people are killed (and the perpetrator) and another 15 are injured after a gunman opens fire at an adult education centre in Örebro, Sweden, the deadliest mass shooting in the country's history.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Donald Trump announces that the United States will take control of the Gaza Strip in an agreement with Israel, and that the U.S. military will be in charge of Gaza's reconstruction.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- February 9
- The Baltic states complete synchronization of their power grids with continental Europe's grid, disconnecting from Russia's grid.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- 2025 Liechtenstein general election: The Patriotic Union, led by Brigitte Haas, retains its plurality of 10 seats in the Landtag.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- February 10 – A bus falls off a bridge over the Las Vacas River in Guatemala City, Guatemala, killing at least 55 people, and seriously injuring 9 others.<ref name=f24(es)>Template:Cite web</ref>
- February 12
- Konstantinos Tasoulas is elected President of Greece by the Hellenic Parliament after four rounds in the 2025 Greek presidential election.<ref>Konstantinos Tasoulas elected new president of Greece</ref>
- Klaus Iohannis resigns as President of Romania, making him the first Romanian president to do so post-revolution.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- February 15 – Mahamoud Ali Youssouf is elected as the chairperson of the African Union Commission.<ref>Djibouti's foreign minister elected to top African Union post Reuters</ref>
- February 17 – 2025 Indonesian protests: A series of ongoing nationwide protests are held following the enactment of a legislation increasing military involvement in civilian government roles.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- February 18
- Following a constitutional reform, Nicaragua becomes a diarchy with spouses Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo as co-presidents.<ref>Nicaragua's Ortega expands power as reforms win final approval</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Vladimir Putin announces that Russia and the United States have officially agreed to restore diplomatic relations.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> A four-hour summit between the US and Russia is held in Saudi Arabia.
- Egypt announces the discovery of Thutmose II's tomb by a joint British-Egyptian team, the first royal tomb to be discovered since Tutankhamun's in 1922. It is the 15th and final pharaoh tomb from the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt to have been found by archeologists.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Efn
- February 19 – Croatia completes the process of joining the European Economic Area.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- February 23 – 2025 German federal election: After being pushed forward as a result of the 2024 German government crisis, the centre-right CDU/CSU becomes the largest party, with big gains from the far-right AfD, resulting in a second-place finish.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- February 25 – An Antonov An-26 of the Sudanese Air Force crashes in a residential area, near the Wadi Seidna Air Base. All 17 occupants onboard and 29 people on the ground die.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- February 28 – A meeting between U.S. president Donald Trump and Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy takes place at the White House. Trump and V.P. JD Vance sharply criticise Zelenskyy, raising questions about support for Ukraine, a proposed end to the war, and the country's future in general.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
March
- March 2 – Firefly Aerospace becomes the first commercial company to successfully land on the Moon with no technical issues, with its Blue Ghost Mission 1.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- March 3 – The Trump administration pauses military aid to Ukraine, following the Oval Office meeting with Zelenskyy the previous week.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- March 4 – Colossal Biosciences creates woolly mice as part of de-extinction efforts for the woolly mammoth.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>Template:Efn
- March 5 – Sudan files an application against the United Arab Emirates before the International Court of Justice, alleging violations of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide by the UAE through its support for the RSF, which is responsible for the genocide in Darfur.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- March 8 – More than 1,000 people, including civilians, are reported killed in a crackdown by Syrian transitional government security forces in the Alawite region, described as the country's worst violence for years.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- March 8–17 – The 2025 Special Olympics World Winter Games are held in Turin, Italy.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- March 11
- The former President of the Philippines, Rodrigo Duterte, is arrested in the Philippines after being served an arrest warrant from the International Criminal Court for crimes against humanity.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Balochistan Liberation Army militants blow up railway tracks and hijack the Jaffar Express train bound from Quetta to Peshawar, taking 450 people hostages including both security personnel and civilians.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- 2025 Greenlandic general election: The center-right Democrats become the largest party, defeating the incumbent Inuit Ataqatigiit.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- March 12 – 2025 Belizean general election: The incumbent People's United Party wins a second term in a landslide victory.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- March 16
- A fire breaks out in a nightclub in Kočani, North Macedonia, killing at least 59 people and injuring 155 others.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Keith Rowley resigns as Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago after nine years in office, and is succeeded by Stuart Young.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- March 18
- Israel launches widespread aerial bombardments and attacks on the Gaza Strip, killing at least 591 people, including children, ending the ceasefire agreement reached in January.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- The President of Somalia, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, survives an attack on his convoy by al-Shabaab, killing at least 10 people.<ref>A roadside bomb in Mogadishu targeted the president's convoy, Somalian government says</ref>
- March 19 – Nationwide protests erupt across Turkey following the arrest of the mayor of Istanbul, Ekrem İmamoğlu, on charges of corruption and terrorism.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- March 20 – Kirsty Coventry is elected as the 10th, first female and African President of the International Olympic Committee in the first round of voting in the 144th IOC Session.<ref>Coventry elected first female IOC president as Coe beaten</ref>
- March 21
- A major power outage causes Heathrow Airport in London to completely shut down, with disruption expected to last for days, affecting thousands of flights around the world.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- South Korea experiences one of its worst wildfires in modern history; over 87 000 hectares of land are destroyed in South Gyeongsang Province, killing at least 28 people.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- March 28 – A 7.7-magnitude earthquake occurs in Myanmar, resulting in 5,413 killed and 11,402 injured.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- March 31 – The Caribbean guilder is introduced, replacing the Netherlands Antillean guilder as the currency for Curaçao and Sint Maarten.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
April
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- April 1 – Fram2 launches aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, becoming the first crewed spaceflight to enter a polar retrograde orbit.<ref>Template:Cite tweet</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- April 2 – US President Donald Trump issues sweeping trade tariffs on many countries, including a 10% baseline tariff for all imports.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- April 3 – Hungary withdraws from the International Criminal Court after Israeli Prime Minister and accused war criminal Benjamin Netanyahu lands in Budapest for a state visit, in defiance of the International Criminal Court's arrest warrant against him.<ref name="israel">Template:Cite web</ref>
- April 4 – Impeachment of Yoon Suk Yeol: The Constitutional Court of Korea unanimously upholds Yoon's impeachment in an 8–0 vote, officially removing him from office.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- April 7 – Colossal Biosciences showcases three grey wolves that are genetically modified to exhibit the characteristics of the dire wolf.<ref name="RD">Template:Cite magazine</ref>
- April 8 – During a concert performance by Rubby Pérez in Santo Domingo, a nightclub roof collapses, killing at least 231 people, including Pérez, and injures more than 200 others.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- April 12 – 2025 Gabonese presidential election: Incumbent transitional President Brice Oligui Nguema wins a full term. The election is the first since the 2023 Gabonese coup d'état, and was preceded by a constitutional referendum in 2024.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- April 13 – October 13 – Expo 2025 is held in Osaka, Japan.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- April 13 – 2025 Ecuadorian general election: Incumbent president Daniel Noboa is re-elected for a full term in the second round.<ref name="advance1">Template:Cite web</ref>
- April 15 – A motorized wooden boat capsizes after catching fire in the Congo River near the town of Mbandaka in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing at least 148 people.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- April 17 – The atmosphere of K2-18b, a candidate water world located 124 light-years away, is found to contain large quantities of dimethyl sulfide and/or dimethyl disulfide – two compounds that, on Earth, are only known to be produced by life.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- April 21 – Pope Francis, head of the Catholic Church since 2013, dies at the age of 88. World leaders pay tribute. Many countries have declared national mourning.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- April 22 – Militants affiliated with The Resistance Front open fire on a group of tourists at the Baisaran Valley in Jammu and Kashmir, India, killing 26 and injuring at least 20.<ref name="jaz">Template:Cite web</ref>
- April 26
- The funeral of Pope Francis is attended by delegations from 164 countries, including 82 leaders, and 250,000 members of the public.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- An explosion in the Port of Shahid Rajaee, Bandar Abbas, Iran, kills at least 70 people and injures more than 1,000.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- At least 11 people are killed and at least 20 others are injured in a vehicle-ramming attack at the annual Lapu Lapu Day festival in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- April 28
- 2025 Canadian federal election: Following Justin Trudeau's resignation as prime minister in January, former governor of the Bank of Canada Mark Carney becomes the Prime Minister of Canada five days later. The Liberal Party wins a fourth consecutive reelection and forms a minority government.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="C16">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- A widespread power outage affects Spain and Portugal for hours. Andorra is affected for a few seconds while southern France is lightly affected.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- 2025 Trinidad and Tobago general election: The UNC wins a majority government, defeating the incumbent PNM.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- April 30 – The Ukraine–United States Mineral Resources Agreement is signed, providing an economic incentive for the US to continue to invest in Ukraine's defence and reconstruction, in exchange for access to the war-torn country's energy and mineral resources.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
May
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- May 3
- 2025 Australian federal election: The incumbent Labor Party led by Anthony Albanese wins reelection, increasing their majority.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- 2025 Singaporean general election: The incumbent People's Action Party led by Lawrence Wong wins reelection in a landslide, retaining a supermajority government.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- 2025 Malian protests: Hundreds of demonstrators gather in Bamako, Mali, to protest the government's proposed dissolution of political parties and extension of president Assimi Goïta's mandate by 5 years.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The protests mark the first pro-democracy demonstrations in the country since the regime took power in 2021.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- May 6
- 2025 German federal election: Friedrich Merz is elected Chancellor of Germany in the second round of parliamentary voting, hours after being defeated in the first round, a first in post-WWII German history.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- 2025 India–Pakistan conflict: India launches several missiles into Pakistani territory in response to the 2025 Pahalgam attack two weeks prior.<ref>India says it has launched strikes on Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir</ref>
- May 7–8 – 2025 conclave: 133 cardinal electors elect Robert Francis Prevost as Pope Francis's successor, on the fourth ballot. He takes the name Pope Leo XIV, and becomes the first pope from North America, the first with Peruvian or U.S. citizenship, and the first from the Order of Saint Augustine.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- May 9–25 – The 2025 IIHF World Championship is held in Stockholm, Sweden, and Herning, Denmark, and is won by the United States.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- May 11 – 2025 Albanian parliamentary election: The incumbent Socialist Party led by Edi Rama wins reelection, retaining a majority government.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- May 12
- 2025 Philippine general election: The ruling Alyansa para sa Bagong Pilipinas alliance win a narrow majority of the seats in the Senate, while one of its component parties Lakas–CMD wins the plurality of seats in the House of Representatives.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- The Kurdistan Workers' Party announces its dissolution after previously declaring a ceasefire with Turkey.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- May 13–17 – The Eurovision Song Contest 2025 is held in Basel, Switzerland. Austrian contestant JJ wins with the song "Wasted Love".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- May 18
- 2025 Portuguese legislative election: The incumbent Social Democratic Party led by Luís Montenegro wins an increased plurality, but fails to achieve a majority.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- 2025 Romanian presidential election: Following the annulment of the previous election, Bucharest mayor Nicușor Dan wins in the second round, beating George Simion.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- May 25
- The 2025 Surinamese general election is held.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- The 2025 Venezuelan parliamentary election is held.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- May 31 – Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat is sworn in as the new Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra and Bishop of Urgell after the Vatican accepts the resignation of Joan Enric Vives i Sicília for age limitation reasons.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
June
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- June 1
- 2025 Polish presidential election: Karol Nawrocki is narrowly elected President of Poland in the second round of voting, beating Rafał Trzaskowski.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Operation Spiderweb: Ukraine launches a large drone attack on Russian military bases. More than 40 aircraft of the Russian Air Force are attacked.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- June 3
- 2025 South Korean presidential election: After being pushed forward as a result of the impeachment of Yoon Suk Yeol, Lee Jae Myung wins the election, beating Kim Moon-soo.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- 2025 Mongolian protests: Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene resigns as Prime Minister of Mongolia after losing a no confidence vote in the State Great Khural.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- June 6 – June 2025 Los Angeles protests: Protests erupt in Los Angeles in response to Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) arrests and deportations of illegal immigrants.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- June 10 – 10 people are killed and another >30 injured after a gunman opens fire at a school in Graz, Austria.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- June 12 – Air India Flight 171, a London-bound Boeing 787, crashes into a building after take-off from Ahmedabad, India, killing 229 passengers, 12 crew on board, and 19 people on the ground. One passenger survives the crash.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It is the first fatal crash and hull loss involving a Boeing 787 Dreamliner.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- June 13 – Iran–Israel war: Israel conducts air strikes against Iran's nuclear facilities, killing military commanders including Hossein Salami; Iran retaliates.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- June 14 – July 13 – The 2025 FIFA Club World Cup is held in the United States, and is won by Chelsea.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- June 14 – The No Kings protests occur across many cities in the U.S., as well as Canada, Europe, Japan and Mexico, against Donald Trump.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- June 16–17 – The 51st G7 summit is held in Kananaskis, Canada.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- June 20 – An EF5 tornado strikes southeast of Enderlin, North Dakota, becoming the first EF5 tornado globally since May 20, 2013.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- June 22 – Iran–Israel war: The United States carries out B-2 bomber airstrikes on three Iranian nuclear sites in Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- June 23 – Iran launches missiles at US bases in Qatar and Iraq in response to the previous day's strikes.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- June 24–25 – A NATO summit is held at the World Forum in The Hague, Netherlands.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- June 25 – The Axiom Mission 4 is launched. The mission involves four astronauts, including the first astronauts from Poland (Sławosz Uznański-Wiśniewski) and India (Shubhanshu Shukla) since the end of the Cold War.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- June 27 – The U.S., with Qatari support, brokers a preliminary peace treaty between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, ending their armed conflict that started in 2022.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
July
- July 1 – 2025 Thai political crisis: The Constitutional Court of Thailand suspends Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra from duty pending a case seeking her dismissal.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- July 4–7 – At least 135 people are killed and over a hundred reported missing during a flood in Central Texas, United States.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- July 11 – August 3 – The 2025 World Aquatics Championships are held in Singapore.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- July 13 – Several clashes erupt in southern Syria between armed Druze and Bedouin groups.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- July 16 – Israeli airstrikes hit the Syrian Presidential Palace and the Syrian General Staff headquarters in Damascus.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- July 21
- 2025 Dhaka Chengdu J-7 crash: An F-7 BGI training aircraft of the Bangladesh Air Force crashes into Milestone College in Uttara, Dhaka, killing 31 people including the pilot.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Twenty-eight countries issue a joint statement calling for an immediate end to the Gaza war, saying it has "reached new depths" in terms of the suffering of civilians.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- July 23 – The International Court of Justice (ICJ) rules that countries can sue each other over historical emissions of greenhouse gases and the effects of climate change.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- July 24
- Angara Airlines Flight 2311, operated by an Antonov An-24 aircraft, crashes near Tynda in Eastern Siberia, Russia. All 48 people on board are killed.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Armed conflicts break out between Cambodia and Thailand after the escalation of a border dispute. At least 39 people are killed and more than 100,000 displaced due to the conflicts.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- July 30 – An Template:M 8.8 earthquake strikes off the coast of Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula, triggering tsunami warnings in Japan and Hawaii.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
August
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- August 7–17 – The 2025 World Games are held in Chengdu, China.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- August 7 – OpenAI's model GPT-5 is released.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- August 8 – Armenia and Azerbaijan sign a peace deal to end 37-year-old hostilities regarding the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- August 15 – 2025 Russia–United States Summit: US president Donald Trump meets with Russian president Vladimir Putin in Anchorage, Alaska, to discuss a plan for resolving the conflict in Ukraine.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- August 15–17 – The first World Humanoid Robot Games are held in Beijing, China.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- August 19 – A multi-vehicle collision involving a bus carrying migrants deported from Iran, a motorcycle and a truck kills at least 79 people in Herat Province, Afghanistan.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- August 22 – Famine is confirmed in Gaza City for the first time after the UN-backed body responsible for monitoring food security raises its classification to Phase 5, the highest and worst level. The IPC says more than 500,000 people are now facing "starvation, destitution and death".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- August 22 – September 27 – The 2025 Women's Rugby World Cup is held in, and is won by, England.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- August 30 – 2025 Thai political crisis: The Constitutional Court of Thailand removes Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra from office for ethical misconduct over leaked phone calls she had with former Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- August 31
- An earthquake in eastern Afghanistan kills over 2,200 people and injures 3,500.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Between 370 and 1,000 people are reported killed in a landslide caused by heavy rain that buries the village of Tarasin in the Marrah Mountains of Central Darfur and leaves one survivor.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
September
- September 3 – At least 16 people are killed and over 21 are injured after the Glória funicular derailment in the centre of Lisbon, Portugal.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- September 8
- 2025 Norwegian parliamentary election: Incumbent Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre's coalition retains their majority.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- 2024–2025 French political crisis: The Bayrou government collapses after losing a no-confidence vote.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Mass anti-government protests erupt in Nepal, resulting in at least 22 deaths and hundreds injured. Prime Minister K. P. Sharma Oli resigns the following day amidst the demonstrations.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- September 9
- The 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly opens in New York City, United States.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Israel attacks the Hamas leadership in Doha, Qatar.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Russian drone incursion into Poland: Multiple drones breach Polish airspace during a large-scale Russian attack on Ukraine and are intercepted by Polish and NATO forces, marking the first attack on NATO territory and prompting Poland to invoke Article 4.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- September 10 – Charlie Kirk, an American right-wing activist and influential ally of President Trump, is assassinated at a campus event in Utah, prompting widespread reactions both domestically and internationally.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- September 11 – The Supreme Federal Court convicts former Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro and sentences him to 27 years in prison for his involvement in the 2022 Brazilian coup plot.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- September 12 – Former chief justice Sushila Karki assumes office as interim prime minister of an interim government formed after K. P. Sharma Oli's resignation in Nepal,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> the decision notably being decided via a poll on a social media platform, Discord.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- September 12–28 – The 2025 FIVB Men's Volleyball World Championship is held in Pasay and Quezon City, the Philippines, and is won by Italy.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- September 13–21 – The 2025 World Athletics Championships are held in Tokyo, Japan.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- September 16
- 2025 Malawian general election: Peter Mutharika is elected president for a second non-consecutive term.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- A United Nations commission of inquiry finds that Israel has committed genocide against Palestinians in Gaza.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- September 19 – Estonian airspace near Vaindloo island is violated by three Russian MiG-31 jets. In response, Estonia invokes Article 4 of NATO.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- September 20 – Intervision 2025 is held in Moscow, Russia. Vietnamese contestant Đức Phúc wins with the song "Template:Lang".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- September 21 – The UK, Canada, and Australia announce their formal recognition of Palestine as a sovereign state, with France also doing so the next day.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- September 28 – 2025 Moldovan parliamentary election: Incumbent pro-European party PAS wins reelection, forming another majority government.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- September 30 – A Template:M 6.9 earthquake shakes the island of Cebu in the Philippines, leaving 71 people dead and 559 injured.<ref name="ndrrmc5">Template:Cite report</ref>
October
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- October 1 – Israel intercepts the Global Sumud Flotilla, a fleet carrying humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip, in international waters, arresting 443 activists from 47 countries.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- October 3
- Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, abdicates the throne in favor of his son Guillaume.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Dame Sarah Mullally is named the first female Archbishop of Canterbury.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- October 3–4 – 2025 Czech parliamentary election: ANO leader and former Prime Minister Andrej Babiš wins a plurality of seats, but fails to reach a majority. Incumbent Prime Minister Petr Fiala's coalition fails to win a majority.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- October 5 – The 2025 Syrian parliamentary election is held, the first since the fall of the Assad regime in 2024.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- October 9
- Israel and Hamas agree to the first phase of a Gaza peace deal, paving the way for a ceasefire, almost exactly two years after the conflict began.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- 2025 Afghanistan–Pakistan conflict: Pakistan reportedly carries out airstrikes in Kabul, Khost, Jalalabad, and Paktika, targeting Noor Wali Mehsud, an internationally designated terrorist.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- October 9–11 – 2025 Seychellois general election: Incumbent President Wavel Ramkalawan loses reelection to Patrick Herminie. Ramkalawan's party LDS also loses its majority in parliament.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- October 10 – Dina Boluarte, the President of Peru, is unanimously impeached by the Congress of the Republic.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- October 12
- 2025 Cameroonian presidential election: Incumbent President Paul Biya is re-elected for an eighth consecutive term.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- 2025 Malagasy coup d'état: Following a series of protests, incumbent President Andry Rajoelina is ousted and military officer Michael Randrianirina becomes President.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- October 13 – Gaza war: Hamas releases the last 20 living hostages in Gaza after they were kidnapped during the 2023 October 7 attacks. In exchange, Israel releases 250 Palestinian prisoners and more than 1,700 detainees.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- October 19
- 2025 Bolivian general election: Rodrigo Paz Pereira wins the presidential election in a runoff against former President Jorge Quiroga. Incumbent party MAS-IPSP loses all their seats in the Senate and all but two seats in the Chamber of Deputies.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- 2025 Louvre robbery: Pieces of the French Crown Jewels are stolen during a robbery from the Galerie d'Apollon of the Louvre in Paris.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- October 21
- Sanae Takaichi becomes the first female Prime Minister of Japan.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- American Eric Lu wins the quinquennial XIX International Chopin Piano Competition at the National Philharmonic in Warsaw, Poland.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- October 24 – 2025 Irish presidential election: Independent candidate Catherine Connolly wins the election in a landslide, defeating Fine Gael candidate Heather Humphreys.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- October 26
- 2025 Argentine legislative election: Incumbent President Javier Milei's party La Libertad Avanza wins the election with over 40% of the votes.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Timor-Leste becomes the 11th member state of ASEAN, being the first enlargement of ASEAN since Cambodia's entry in 1999 and comprising all countries of Southeast Asia.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Al-Fashir massacre: Mass murder is reported during which an estimated 2,500 or more civilians have been executed by the Rapid Support Forces in the city of Al-Fashir, Sudan.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- October 28
- Hurricane Melissa makes landfall into Jamaica as a Category 5 hurricane, with wind speeds up to Template:Convert.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Operation Containment: In Rio de Janeiro, more than 120 people are killed in raids targeting criminal organization Comando Vermelho during the deadliest police operation in Brazilian history.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- October 29 – 2025 Dutch general election: Social liberal party Democrats 66 ties with right-wing populist party Party for Freedom in most number of seats.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
November
- November 3 – A powerful Template:M 6.3 earthquake shakes the provinces of Balkh and Samangan in Afghanistan, causing 30 deaths and 956 injuries.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- November 4
- Typhoon Kalmaegi leaves more than 206 people dead in the Philippines, Vietnam, and Thailand.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- At least 14 people are killed, 11 others are injured, and 16 are reported missing when a UPS Airlines McDonnell Douglas MD-11 aircraft crashes near Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport in Kentucky, United States.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- November 6 – Khaled El-Enany is elected the new Director-General of UNESCO.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- November 10–21 – The COP30 summit is held in Belém, Brazil, focusing on the role of the Amazon rainforest in climate action.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- November 11 – 2025 Iraqi parliamentary election: Incumbent Prime Minister Mohammed Shia' al-Sudani's party RDC wins a plurality of seats.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- November 13 – The New Glenn rocket booster lands for the first time.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- November 17 – Former prime minister of Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina is found guilty of crimes against humanity by a Bangladeshi court and sentenced to death in absentia.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Predicted and scheduled events
- November 21 – December 7 – The 2025 FIFA Futsal Women's World Cup is scheduled to be held in the Philippines.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- November 22 – The G20 Johannesburg Summit is scheduled to be held in South Africa, the first time a G20 summit has been held in Africa.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- November 26 – December 14 – The 2025 World Women's Handball Championship is scheduled to be held in Germany and the Netherlands.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- November 30
- The 2025 Kyrgyz parliamentary election is scheduled to be held.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- The 2025 Honduran general election is scheduled to be held.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- December 3–4 – The second round of the 2025 Egyptian parliamentary election is scheduled to be held.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- December 13 – The Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2025 is scheduled to be held in Tbilisi, Georgia.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- December 14 – The second round of the 2025 Chilean general election is scheduled to be held.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- December 21 – January 18 – The 2025 Africa Cup of Nations is scheduled to be held in Morocco.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Date unknown
- An ecumenical meeting of the Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church at Nicaea is scheduled to be held to mark the 1,700th anniversary of the Council of Nicaea.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Norway aims to ban the sale of all new diesel and petrol cars by this year.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- The confirmation of charges for alleged crimes against humanity committed by former Filipino President Rodrigo Duterte is to be presented by the International Criminal Court.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Births
Deaths
Nobel Prizes
- Chemistry – Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson and Omar M. Yaghi, for the development of metal-organic frameworks.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Economics – Joel Mokyr, for having identified the prerequisites for sustained growth through technological progress, and Peter Howitt and Philippe Aghion, for the theory of sustained growth through creative destruction.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Literature – László Krasznahorkai, for his compelling and visionary oeuvre that, in the midst of apocalyptic terror, reaffirms the power of art.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Peace – María Corina Machado, for her tireless work promoting democratic rights for the people of Venezuela and for her struggle to achieve a just and peaceful transition from dictatorship to democracy.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Physics – John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis, for the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Physiology or Medicine – Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi, for their discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
See also
Notes
References
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