7th arrondissement of Paris

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The 7th arrondissement of Paris (VIIe arrondissement) is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France. It is known for being, along with the 16th arrondissement and the commune of Neuilly-sur-Seine, the richest neighbourhood in France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is referred to as le septième.

The arrondissement, called Palais-Bourbon in a reference to the seat of the National Assembly, includes some of the major and well-known tourist attractions of Paris, such as the Eiffel Tower, the Hôtel des Invalides (Napoleon's resting place), the Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal,<ref name=ParisDigest>Template:Cite web</ref> as well as a concentration of museums such as the Musée d'Orsay, Musée Rodin and the Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac.

Situated on the Rive Gauche—the "Left" bank of the River Seine—this central arrondissement, which includes the historical aristocratic neighbourhood of Faubourg Saint-Germain, contains a number of French national institutions, among them the National Assembly and numerous government ministries. It is also home to many foreign diplomatic embassies, some of them occupying outstanding hôtels particuliers.

The arrondissement has been home to the French upper class since the 17th century, when it became the new residence of France's highest nobility. The district has been so fashionable within the French aristocracy that the phrase le Faubourg—referring to the ancient name of the current 7th arrondissement—has been used to describe French nobility ever since.<ref name="aristocratic1">Balzac explains the very specific Faubourg's aristocratic way of life in his novel La Duchesse de Langeais</ref> The 7th arrondissement of Paris and Neuilly-sur-Seine form the most affluent and prestigious residential area in France.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

History

Construction of Hôtel de Salm, 1787. Paris, Musée Carnavalet.
Exposition Universelle in 1889, the entrance arch is known as the Eiffel Tower

During the 17th century, French high nobility started to move from the central Marais, the then-aristocratic district of Paris where nobles used to build their urban mansions<ref>Hotels particuliers</ref> (see Hotel de Soubise), to the clearer, less populated and less polluted Faubourg Saint-Germain.

The district became so fashionable within the French aristocracy that the phrase le Faubourg has been used to describe French nobility ever since.<ref name="aristocratic1"/> The oldest and most prestigious families of the French nobility built outstanding residences in the area, such as the Hôtel Matignon, the Hôtel de Salm, and the Hôtel Biron.

After the Revolution many of these mansions, offering magnificent inner spaces, many reception rooms and exquisite decoration, were confiscated and turned into national institutions. The French expression "les ors de la Republique" (literally "the golds of the Republic"), refers to the luxurious environment of the national palaces (outstanding official residences and priceless works of art), comes from that time.

During the Restauration, the Faubourg recovered its past glory as the most exclusive high nobility district of Paris and was the political heart of the country, home to the Ultra Party. After the Fall of Charles X, the district lost most of its political influence but remained the centre of the French upper class' social life.

During the 19th century, the arrondissement hosted no fewer than five Universal Exhibitions (1855, 1867, 1878, 1889, 1900) that have immensely impacted its cityscape. The Eiffel Tower and the Orsay building were built for these Exhibitions (respectively in 1889 and 1900).

Geography

The arrondissement has a total land area of Template:Convert. It has an average elevation of 47 m, with a minimum of 25 m and a maximum of 71 m.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The 7th arrondissement borders the left bank of the Seine to the north, Rue des Saints-Pères to the east, and Rue de Sèvres to the south-east.

Demography

The 7th arrondissement attained its peak population in 1926 when it had 110,684 inhabitants. Because it is the location of so many French government bodies, this arrondissement has never been as densely populated as some of the others.Template:Citation needed In 1999, the population was 56,985, while the arrondissement provided 76,212 jobs.

Historical population

Year
(of French censuses) 		Population Density
(inh. pr km2)
1872 78,553 19,206
1926 Template:Small 110,684 27,075
1954 104,412 25,529
1962 99,584 24,360
1968 87,811 21,480
1975 74,250 18,163
1982 67,461 16,502
1990 62,939 15,396
1999 56,985 13,940
2009 57,442 14,045

Immigration

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Notable residents

Cityscape

  • Champ-de-Mars view from the top of the Eiffel Tower
    Champ-de-Mars view from the top of the Eiffel Tower
  • The Eiffel Tower
    The Eiffel Tower
  • St. Louis Chapel of the Hôtel des Invalides view from avenue de Breteuil
    St. Louis Chapel of the Hôtel des Invalides view from avenue de Breteuil
  • Inside Hôtel des Invalides's Chapel
    Inside Hôtel des Invalides's Chapel
  • View of rue de Solférino from the Léopold-Sédar-Senghor bridge
    View of rue de Solférino from the Léopold-Sédar-Senghor bridge
  • The Seine and the 7th arrondissement as seen from the Eiffel Tower
    The Seine and the 7th arrondissement as seen from the Eiffel Tower
  • Typical Parisian architecture in the 7th arrondissement
    Typical Parisian architecture in the 7th arrondissement

Quarters

The quarters of the 7th arrondissement
  • Quartier Saint-Thomas-d'Aquin (25)
  • Quartier Invalides (26)
  • Quartier École-Militaire (27)
  • Quartier Gros-Caillou (28)

Places of interest

Important places include:

Art and industry

Economy

Air Liquide,<ref>"Legal notice." Air Liquide. Retrieved on 7 July 2010.</ref> Alcatel-Lucent,<ref>"Alcatel-Lucent Fact Sheet Template:Webarchive Retrieved on 17 August 2011 "Headquarters 3 av. Octave Gréard 75007 Paris, France"</ref> and Valode & Pistre have their head offices in this arrondissement.<ref>Valode & Pistre Template:Webarchive Template:In lang – Select "Contact". Valode & Pistre. Retrieved on 2 July 2010. "115 rue du Bac 75007 PARIS – FRANCE</ref>

Education

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Public and private high schools:

Istituto Statale Italiano Leonardo Da Vinci, an Italian international school, maintains two campuses in the arrondissement.<ref>"L'OFFERTA FORMATIVA ITALIANA NELLA CIRCOSCRIZIONE CONSOLARE DI PARIGI Template:Webarchive." Italian Consulate in Paris. Retrieved on 19 October 2015. "Amministrazione, Scuola Media e Liceo Scientifico 12 rue Sédillot – 75007 Parigi" and "Scuola Elementare 3 bis Avenue de Villars – 75007 Parigi" – Template:Usurped</ref> The American University of Paris, a private liberal arts university, maintains several buildings near the Quai d'Orsay.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Government

The Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of National Education have their head offices in the arrondissement.

Politically, the arrondissement is situated firmly on the right. The mayor of the 7th, Rachida Dati, was Minister of Justice under Nicolas Sarkozy's presidency and a member of the European Parliament for the centre-right UMP from 2009 to 2019. <ref>"

Mentions légales." Ministry of Agriculture. 8 June 2007. Retrieved on 6 May 2011. "Ministère de l'Agriculture, de l'Alimentation, de la Pêche, de la Ruralité et de l'Aménagement du territoire 78, rue de Varenne – 75349 Paris 07 SP"</ref><ref>"à propos du site – mentions légales – crédits." Ministry of National Education. Retrieved on 6 May 2011. "Ministère de l'éducation nationale, de la jeunesse et de la vie associative Secrétariat général – Délégation à la communication 110 rue de Grenelle 75007 Paris"</ref>

In the 2017 French presidential election, the 7th gave right-wing candidate François Fillon 52.7% of its votes in the first round, compared to his poor national showing of only 20%. It then went on to vote for Emmanuel Macron in the runoff by a landslide.

Election Winning candidate Party %
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | 2017 Emmanuel Macron EM 88.07
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | 2012 Nicolas Sarkozy UMP 71.76
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | 2007 Nicolas Sarkozy UMP 74.75
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | 2002 Jacques Chirac RPR 89.17
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | 1981 Valéry Giscard d'Estaing UDF 71.44

Sport

The arrondissement hosted the equestrian events for the 1900 Summer Olympics.<ref>1900 Summer Olympics official report Template:Webarchive. p. 16. Accessed 14 November 2010. Template:In lang</ref>

References

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