9th United States Congress

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox United States Congress The 9th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1805, to March 4, 1807, during the fifth and sixth years of Thomas Jefferson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1800 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority. Template:TOC limit

The Lewis and Clark Expedition scouted the Louisiana Territory and the Pacific Northwest.

Major events

March 4, 1805: President Thomas Jefferson begins his second term.
June 1, 1805: First Barbary War ends.
November 7, 1805: Lewis and Clark Expedition arrives at the Pacific Ocean.
September 23, 1806: Lewis and Clark Expedition returns to St. Louis, Missouri, thereby ending the exploration of the Louisiana Territory and the Pacific Northwest.
February 19, 1807: Former Vice President Aaron Burr is tried for conspiracy and acquitted.

Major legislation

March 29, 1806: Cumberland Road, ch. 19, Template:USStat
February 24, 1807: Seventh Circuit Act of 1807, ch. 16, (Template:USStat)
March 2, 1807: Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves, ch. 22, Template:USStat
March 3, 1807: Insurrection Act, ch. 39, Template:USStat

Territories organized

June 30, 1805: Michigan Territory was formed from a portion of the Indiana Territory

Senate President George Clinton

Senate President pro tempore
Samuel Smith (DR)

House Speaker
Nathaniel Macon (DR)

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

Template:US Congress party summary

House of Representatives

Template:US Congress party summary

Leadership

Senate

President: George Clinton (DR)
President pro tempore: Samuel Smith (DR)

House of Representatives

Speaker: Nathaniel Macon (DR)

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Template:Main Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. Template:Col-begin Template:Col-2

Connecticut

Template:Party stripe1. James Hillhouse (F)

Template:Party stripe3. Uriah Tracy (F)

Delaware

Template:Party stripe1. Samuel White (F)

Template:Party stripe2. James A. Bayard (F)

Georgia

Template:Party stripe2. Abraham Baldwin (DR)

Template:Party stripe3. James Jackson (DR), until March 19, 1806

Template:Party stripe John Milledge (DR), from June 19, 1806

Kentucky

Template:Party stripe2. Buckner Thruston (DR)

Template:Party stripe3. John Breckinridge (DR), until August 7, 1805

Template:Party stripe John Adair (DR), November 8, 1805 – November 18, 1806

Template:Party stripe Henry Clay (DR), from November 19, 1806

Maryland

Template:Party stripe1. Samuel Smith (DR)

Template:Party stripe3. Robert Wright (DR), until November 12, 1806

Template:Party stripe Philip Reed (DR), from November 25, 1806

Massachusetts

Template:Party stripe1. John Quincy Adams (F)

Template:Party stripe2. Timothy Pickering (F)

New Hampshire

Template:Party stripe2. Nicholas Gilman (DR)

Template:Party stripe3. William Plumer (F)

New Jersey

Template:Party stripe1. John Condit (DR)

Template:Party stripe2. Aaron Kitchell (DR)

New York

Template:Party stripe1. Samuel L. Mitchill (DR)

Template:Party stripe3. John Smith (DR)

North Carolina

Template:Party stripe2. James Turner (DR), from December 22, 1805

Template:Party stripe3. David Stone (DR), until February 17, 1807

Ohio

Template:Party stripe1. John Smith (DR)

Template:Party stripe3. Thomas Worthington (DR)

Pennsylvania

Template:Party stripe1. Samuel Maclay (DR)

Template:Party stripe3. George Logan (DR)

Rhode Island

Template:Party stripe1. Benjamin Howland (DR)

Template:Party stripe2. James Fenner (DR)

South Carolina

Template:Party stripe2. Thomas Sumter (DR)

Template:Party stripe3. John Gaillard (DR)

Tennessee

Template:Party stripe1. Joseph Anderson (DR)

Template:Party stripe2. Daniel Smith (DR)

Vermont

Template:Party stripe1. Israel Smith (DR)

Template:Party stripe3. Stephen R. Bradley (DR)

Virginia

Template:Party stripe1. Andrew Moore (DR)

Template:Party stripe2. William B. Giles (DR)

Template:Col-break

Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 9th Congress in March 1805. Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend

Template:Col-end

House of Representatives

Template:Main The names of representatives are listed by their district numbers Template:Col-begin Template:Col-2

Connecticut

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Samuel W. Dana (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Davenport (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Jonathan O. Moseley (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Timothy Pitkin (F), seated September 16, 1805

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Cotton Smith (F), until August 1806

Template:Party stripe Theodore Dwight (F), seated December 1, 1806

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Lewis B. Sturges (F), seated September 16, 1805

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Benjamin Tallmadge (F)

Delaware

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James M. Broom (F)

Georgia

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Joseph Bryan (DR), until 1806

Template:Party stripe Dennis Smelt (DR), from September 1, 1806

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Peter Early (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. David Meriwether (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Cowles Mead (DR), until December 24, 1805

Template:Party stripe Thomas Spalding (DR), December 24, 1805 – 1806

Template:Party stripe William W. Bibb (DR), from January 26, 1807

Kentucky

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Matthew Lyon (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Boyle (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Matthew Walton (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas Sandford (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Fowler (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. George M. Bedinger (DR)

Maryland

The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives.

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Campbell (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Leonard Covington (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Patrick Magruder (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Roger Nelson (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William McCreery (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Nicholas R. Moore (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Archer (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Joseph H. Nicholson (DR), until March 1, 1806

Template:Party stripe Edward Lloyd (DR), from December 3, 1806

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles Goldsborough (F)

Massachusetts

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Josiah Quincy (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Jacob Crowninshield (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Jeremiah Nelson (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Ely (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Samuel Taggart (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Joseph Barker (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Isaiah L. Green (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Phanuel Bishop (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Seth Hastings (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Stedman (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Barnabas Bidwell (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Ebenezer Seaver (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Richard Cutts (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Peleg Wadsworth (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Orchard Cook (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Chandler (DR)

New Hampshire

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Silas Betton (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Caleb Ellis (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. David Hough (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Samuel Tenney (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas W. Thompson (F)

New Jersey

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Ezra Darby (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Ebenezer Elmer (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Helms (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Lambert (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James Sloan (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Henry Southard (DR)

New York

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Eliphalet Wickes (DR)

Template:Ushr. and Template:Ushr. Joint district with two seats.

Template:Party stripe Gurdon S. Mumford (DR)

Template:Party stripe George Clinton Jr. (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Philip Van Cortlandt (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Blake Jr. (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Daniel C. Verplanck (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Martin G. Schuneman (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Henry W. Livingston (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Killian K. Van Rensselaer (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Josiah Masters (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Peter Sailly (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. David Thomas (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas Sammons (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Russell (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Nathan Williams (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Uri Tracy (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Silas Halsey (DR)

North Carolina

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas Wynns (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Willis Alston (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas Blount (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Blackledge (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas Kenan (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Nathaniel Macon (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Duncan McFarlan (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Richard Stanford (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Marmaduke Williams (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Nathaniel Alexander (DR), until November 1805

Template:Party stripe Evan S. Alexander (DR), from February 24, 1806

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James Holland (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Joseph Winston (DR)

Ohio

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Jeremiah Morrow (DR)

Pennsylvania

There were four plural districts, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd had three representatives each, the 4th had two representatives.

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Joseph Clay (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Michael Leib (DR), until February 14, 1806

Template:Party stripe John Porter (DR), from December 8, 1806

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Jacob Richards (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Robert Brown (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Frederick Conrad (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Pugh (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Isaac Anderson (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Christian Lower (DR), until December 19, 1806, vacant thereafter

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Whitehill (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. David Bard (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John A. Hanna (DR), until July 23, 1805

Template:Party stripe Robert Whitehill (DR), from November 7, 1805

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Andrew Gregg (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James Kelly (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Rea (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Findley (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Smilie (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Hamilton (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Samuel Smith (DR), seated November 7, 1805

Rhode Island

Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Nehemiah Knight (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Joseph Stanton Jr. (DR)

South Carolina

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Robert Marion (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Butler Sr. (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. David R. Williams (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. O'Brien Smith (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Richard Winn (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Levi Casey (DR), until February 3, 1807, vacant thereafter

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas Moore (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Elias Earle (DR)

Tennessee

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Rhea (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. George W. Campbell (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Dickson (DR)

Vermont

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Gideon Olin (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James Elliott (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James Fisk (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Martin Chittenden (F)

Virginia

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John G. Jackson (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Morrow (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Smith (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. David Holmes (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Alexander Wilson (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Abram Trigg (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Joseph Lewis Jr. (F)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Walter Jones (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Philip R. Thompson (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Dawson (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James M. Garnett (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Burwell Bassett (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Christopher Clark (DR), until July 1, 1806

Template:Party stripe William A. Burwell (DR), from December 1, 1806

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Matthew Clay (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Randolph (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John W. Eppes (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Claiborne (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Peterson Goodwyn (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Edwin Gray (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas Newton Jr. (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas M. Randolph (DR)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Clopton (DR)

Non-voting members

Template:Ushr. Benjamin Parke, seated December 12, 1805

Template:Ushr. William Lattimore

Template:Ushr. Daniel Clark, seated December 1, 1806

Template:Col-end

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate

Template:See also Template:Ordinal US Congress change

|- | North Carolina
(2) | Vacant | Montfort Stokes (DR) was elected in 1804 but declined the position.
Successor elected December 22, 1805. | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | James Turner (DR) | Seated December 22, 1805

|- | Kentucky
(3) | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | John Breckinridge (DR) | Resigned August 7, 1805, after being appointed United States Attorney General.
Successor elected November 8, 1805, to finish the term ending March 4, 1807. | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | John Adair (DR) | Seated November 8, 1805

|- | Georgia
(3) | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | James Jackson (DR) | Died March 19, 1806.
Winner elected June 19, 1806, to finish the term ending March 4, 1807. | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | John Milledge (DR) | Seated June 19, 1806

|- | Maryland
(3) | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Robert Wright (DR) | Resigned November 12, 1806, after being elected Governor of Maryland.
Successor elected November 25, 1806, to finish the term ending March 4, 1807 (as well as to the next term). | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Philip Reed (DR) | Seated November 25, 1806

|- | Kentucky
(3) | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | John Adair (DR) | Resigned November 18, 1806, after losing the election to the next term.
Successor elected November 19, 1806, despite being younger than the constitutional age minimum. | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Henry Clay (DR) | Seated November 19, 1806

|- | North Carolina
(3) | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | David Stone (DR) | Resigned February 17, 1807.
Vacant for remainder of Congress. | Vacant

|}

House of Representatives

Template:Main Template:Ordinal US Congress change

|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Calvin Goddard (F) resigned before the beginning of this Congress | Template:Party shading/Federalist | Timothy Pitkin (F) | Seated September 16, 1805

|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Roger Griswold (F) resigned before the beginning of this Congress | Template:Party shading/Federalist | Lewis B. Sturges (F) | Seated September 16, 1805

|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | John B. C. Lucas (DR) resigned before the beginning of this Congress | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Samuel Smith (DR) | Seated November 7, 1805

|- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | John A. Hanna (DR) | Died July 23, 1805 | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Robert Whitehill (DR) | Seated November 7, 1805

|- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Nathaniel Alexander (DR) | Resigned November, 1805 after being elected Governor of North Carolina | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Evan S. Alexander (DR) | Seated February 24, 1806

|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Territory elected delegate to Congress for first time | Benjamin Parke | Elected December 12, 1805

|- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Cowles Mead (DR) | Lost contested election December 24, 1805 | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Thomas Spalding (DR) | Seated December 24, 1805

|- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Joseph Bryan (DR) | Resigned sometime in 1806 | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Dennis Smelt (DR) | September 1, 1806

|- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Thomas Spalding (DR) | Resigned sometime in 1806 | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | William W. Bibb (DR) | Seated January 26, 1807

|- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Michael Leib (DR) | Resigned February 14, 1806 | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | John Porter (DR) | Seated December 8, 1806

|- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Joseph H. Nicholson (DR) | Resigned March 1, 1806 | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Edward Lloyd (DR) | Seated December 3, 1806

|- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Christopher H. Clark (DR) | Resigned July 1, 1806 | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | William A. Burwell (DR) | December 1, 1806

|- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Federalist | John Cotton Smith (F) | Resigned sometime in August, 1806 | Template:Party shading/Federalist | Theodore Dwight (F) | December 1, 1806

|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Territory elected delegate to Congress for first time | Daniel Clark | Elected December 1, 1806

|- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Christian Lower (DR) | Resigned December 19, 1806 | Vacant | Not filled for remainder of term

|- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic-Republican | Levi Casey (DR) | Died February 3, 1807 | Vacant | Not filled for remainder of term

|}

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

Army Regulations (Select)
Whole

House of Representatives

Accounts (Chairman: Frederick Conrad)
Claims (Chairman: John Cotton Smith then David Holmes)
Commerce and Manufactures (Chairman: Jacob Crowninshield)
Elections (Chairman: William Findley)
Public Lands (Chairman: Andrew Gregg then John Boyle then Andrew Gregg)
Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: Samuel Tenney)
Rules (Select)
Standards of Official Conduct
Ways and Means (Chairman: John Randolph then Joseph Clay)
Whole

Joint committees

Enrolled Bills (Chairman: N/A then Sen. James Turner)
The Library (Chairman: N/A)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

Chaplain: Alexander T. McCormick, Episcopalian, elected November 7, 1804
- Edward Gantt, Episcopalian, elected December 4, 1805
- John J. Sayrs, Episcopalian, elected December 3, 1806
Secretary: Samuel A. Otis
Sergeant at Arms: James Mathers

House of Representatives

Chaplain: James Laurie, Presbyterian, elected December 2, 1805
- Robert Elliot, Presbyterian, elected December 1, 1806
Clerk: John Beckley
Doorkeeper: Thomas Claxton
Reading Clerks: Template:Dm
Sergeant at Arms: Joseph Wheaton

See also

1804 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
1806 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
- 1806–07 United States Senate elections
- 1806–07 United States House of Representatives elections

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:United States Congresses

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9th United States Congress