Canary Wharf

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Template:Short description Template:About Template:Multiple issues Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox UK place Canary Wharf is a privately-owned financial district in London, England, located in the Isle of Dogs in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The Greater London Authority defines it as part of London's central business district.Template:Sfn With the City of London and the West End, it constitutes one of the main financial centres in the United Kingdom and the world,Template:Sfn containing many major global companies and banks' headquarters and high-rise buildings, including the third-tallest in the UK, One Canada Square.<ref name="skys_Unit">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

The district was developed on the site of the former West India Docks in East London. Canary Wharf, together with Heron Quays and Wood Wharf, forms the Canary Wharf Estate, covering around Template:Convert.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

History

Canary Wharf in 1899, showing the West India Docks and the Isle of Dogs

West India Dock Company

From 1802 until the late 1980s, the area now known as the Canary Wharf Estate was part of the Isle of Dogs (specifically Millwall) and Poplar. The West India Docks, a central feature of the area, were primarily developed by Robert Milligan (c. 1746–1809), who founded the West India Dock Company.

Port of London Authority

The Port of London Authority was established in 1909 and took control of the West India Dock. The enterprise of Alfred Lewis Jones, a Welsh shipping magnate and a prominent figure in the Canary Islands, led to a constant stream of ships arriving into London's South Quay Dock.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> No. 32 berth of West Wood Quay in the Import Dock was built in 1936 with a two-storey transit shed for Fruit Lines Ltd, a subsidiary of Fred Olsen Lines, for the Mediterranean and Canary Islands fruit trade, gaining the name Canary Wharf.<ref name=Brit>Template:Cite web. Retrieved 22 July 2008</ref>

London Docklands Development Corporation

After the 1960s, when cargo became containerised, the port industry began to decline, leading to the closure of all the docks by 1980.<ref name=Port>West India Docks (1803–1980) Template:Webarchive (Port Cities) accessed 22 July 2008</ref><ref name=history>Template:Cite web</ref> After the docks closed in 1980, the British Government adopted policies to stimulate redevelopment of the area, including the creation of the London Docklands Development Corporation (LDDC) in 1981 and the granting of Urban Enterprise Zone status to the Isle of Dogs in 1982.<ref name=history/>

The Canary Wharf of today began when Michael von Clemm, former Chairman of Credit Suisse First Boston (CSFB), came up with the idea to convert Canary Wharf into a back office. Further discussions with developer G Ware Travelstead led to proposals for a new business district. A crucial enabling factor was the LDDC's plan for an inexpensive light metro scheme, the Docklands Light Railway (DLR), which opened in 1987.<ref name="JapanRailReview2000">Armstrong, John; Gourvish, Terry (March 2000). "London's Railways—Their Contribution to Solving the Problem of Growth and Expansion". Japan Railway & Transport Review. 23: 10.</ref> The project was seen as an innovative and cost-effective use of redundant Victorian-era railway viaducts to improve access.<ref name="Schabas2005a">Schabas, Michael (March 2005). "Paying for Crossrail: The Business Case". Economic Affairs. 25 (1): 14.</ref> The project was sold to the Canadian company Olympia & York, who soon learned that the initial DLR service was "too tenuous to convince major companies to relocate".<ref name="Schabas2005a" /> Consequently, Olympia & York agreed to fund half the cost of a vital extension into the City of London, connecting the DLR to Bank station via a new tunnel.<ref name="Schabas2005a" /> That extension opened in 1991.<ref name="JapanRailReview2000" />

The project was sold to the Canadian company Olympia & York<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and construction began in 1988, master-planned by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill with Yorke Rosenberg Mardall as their UK advisors, and subsequently by Koetter Kim. The first buildings were completed in 1991, including One Canada Square, which became the UK's tallest building at the time and a symbol of the regeneration of Docklands. By the time it opened, the London commercial property market had collapsed, and Olympia and York Canary Wharf Limited filed for bankruptcy in May 1992.

Initially, the City of London saw Canary Wharf as an existential threat. It modified its planning laws to expand the provision of new offices in the City of London, for example, creating offices above railway stations (Blackfriars) and roads (Alban Gate). The resulting oversupply of office space contributed to the failure of the Canary Wharf project.

Canary Wharf Group

In October 1995, an international consortium that included investors such as Alwaleed, bought control of the Canary Wharf Group for $1.2 billion. Paul Reichmann (of Olympia & York) was named chairman, and Canary Wharf went public in 1999.<ref name="Khan">Template:Cite book</ref> The new company was called Canary Wharf Limited, and later became Canary Wharf Group.

In 1997, some residents living on the Isle of Dogs launched a lawsuit against Canary Wharf Ltd for private nuisance because One Canada Square, owned by the company, interfered with TV signals. However, the residents lost the suit.<ref name="hunter01">The court found against the appellants (Hunter and others) as private nuisance legislation generally concerns "emanations" from land, not interference with such emanations. "Hunter and Others v. Canary Wharf Ltd./Hunter and Others v. London Docklands Corporation" Template:Webarchive House of Lords Session 1996–97. Retrieved on 23 March 2009.</ref>

Recovery in the property market generally, coupled with continuing demand for large floorplate Grade A office space, slowly improved the level of interest. A critical event in the recovery was the much-delayed start of work on the Jubilee Line Extension. The project was seen as essential to provide the capacity and quality of service required for the high-density development planned at Canary Wharf.<ref name="Worsley2011a">Worsley, Tom (November 2011). "The Evolution of London's Crossrail Scheme and the Development of the Department for Transport's Economic Appraisal Methods". International Transport Forum. Discussion Paper 2011-27: 12.</ref> The developers, Olympia & York, offered a substantial contribution towards the new line, eventually agreeing to contribute £400 million towards the project costs.<ref name="DocklandsTube">"How Docklands could go down the tube". (Newspaper article, title and date unknown).</ref><ref name="Worsley2011a" /> This arrangement established a new funding precedent where the private-sector beneficiaries of a major public transport project would contribute significantly to its capital costs.<ref name="Worsley2011a" /> However, following the bankruptcy of Olympia & York and delays to the project's opening, the final present value of the developer's contribution was significantly less than originally pledged.<ref name="Worsley2011a" /> Construction of the extension began in 1993, with the line opening in 1999.<ref name="JapanRailReview2000-JLE">Armstrong, John; Gourvish, Terry (March 2000). "London's Railways—Their Contribution to Solving the Problem of Growth and Expansion". Japan Railway & Transport Review. 23: 8.</ref>

The district's strategic importance was also central to the history of Crossrail. The first Crossrail Bill, introduced to Parliament in 1991, proposed an east-west tunnel that bypassed the Isle of Dogs entirely. As a result, the new financial services cluster, which was not served by the proposed route, "had no cause to lobby on its behalf".<ref name="Hebbert2014a">Hebbert, Michael (January 2014). "Crossrail: The slow route to London's regional express railway". The Town Planning Review. 85 (1): 25.</ref> This lack of support from a key business stakeholder was a factor in the bill being voted down by a parliamentary committee in May 1994.<ref name="Hebbert2014a" /> When the Crossrail project was revived in the early 2000s, it was with a new route specifically designed to include a station at Canary Wharf, a change driven by the area's continued economic expansion.<ref name="Hebbert2014b">Hebbert, Michael (January 2014). "Crossrail: The slow route to London's regional express railway". The Town Planning Review. 85 (1): 27.</ref> Canary Wharf Group became a strong advocate for the revised scheme, agreeing to build the new station and make a direct financial contribution of £150 million towards the project.<ref name="Buck2017">Buck, Martin (2017). "Crossrail project: finance, funding and value capture for London's new Elizabeth line". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Civil Engineering. 170 (6): 5.</ref>

In March 2004, Canary Wharf Group plc. was taken over by a consortium of investors, backed by its largest shareholder Glick Family Investments<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and led by Morgan Stanley using a vehicle named Songbird Estates plc.

Tallest buildings

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In addition to being a leading global financial district in the United Kingdom, Canary Wharf is famous for a cluster of tall modern commercial complexes and residential high-rise buildings.<ref name=Martinson2018>Template:Cite news</ref> Built from scratch since the early 1990s, Canary Wharf's rapid grown skyscraper cluster has dramatically transformed the skyline of London with modern architecture.<ref>Canary Wharf Group transforms London's skyline with modern architecture. Mia Daughenbaugh and David Bell Template:Webarchive South China Morning Post. 16 June 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2023.</ref><ref>Dramatic pictures show just how much London's Canary Wharf has changed in 20 years. Rory Bennett Template:Webarchive MyLondon. 2 February 2023. Retrieved 17 December 2023.</ref>

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List of completed buildings in Canary Wharf that are at least Template:Cvt tall
Ranking
by
height		 Image Name Height Floors Completion date Notes
Metres Feet
1 One Canada Square 235 771 50 1991 Designed by Cesar Pelli. Multi-tenanted; occupiers include BNY Mellon, the CFA Institute, Clearstream, European Energy Exchange, Euler Hermes, the International Sugar Organization, Mahindra Satyam, MetLife, Moody's Analytics and Reach.<ref name=whoshere>Template:Cite web</ref>
2 Landmark Pinnacle 233 764 75 2020 Residential tower. The tallest residential tower in Western Europe.<ref name="canarydevelopment.com"/>
3 Newfoundland 220 722 60 2019 The first residential building built on the Canary Wharf private estate.<ref>Newfoundland Quay — Canary Wharf Template:Webarchive Canary Development. 26 October 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2023.</ref> Known as "the diamond tower" due to its distinctive diamond-pattern steel exoskeleton design.<ref>Horden Cherry Lee creates Canary Wharf skyscraper wrapped in diamond-shaped exoskeleton Template:Webarchive.Tom Ravenscroft. 27 January 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2023.</ref>
4 Aspen at Consort Place<ref>Aspen at Consort Place Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 24 August 2024.</ref> 216 708 67 2024 Residential / Hotel.
5 South Quay Plaza (Phase 1, Hampton Court) 215 705 68 2020 Residential tower. Also known as Valiant Tower<ref>South Quay Plaza — Berkeley Homes Template:Webarchive Canary Development. Retrieved 13 December 2023.</ref>
6 File:One Park Drive, Canary Wharf.jpg One Park Drive 205 673 57 2019 Residential tower. Wood Wharf's flagship residential building.
7 File:HSBC Building London.jpg 8 Canada Square 200 655 42 2002 The joint eleventh-tallest completed building in the United Kingdom. Occupied by HSBC as its global headquarters.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
8 File:Citigroup EMEA Centre.jpg 25 Canada Square 200 655 42 2001 The joint eleventh-tallest completed building in the United Kingdom. 25 Canada Square and 33 Canada Square together form a single complex known as the Citigroup Centre. Primarily occupied by Citigroup as its EMEA headquarters.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Other tenants include Gain Capital, 3i Infotech, Crossrail, Instinet, Munich Re, MWB Group, FIS, Interoute, NYK and Wells Fargo.
9 File:Harcourt Gardens (SQP 4) - May 2024 (2).jpg Harcourt Gardens (South Quay Plaza Tower 4, Harcourt Tower, SQP4)<ref>Harcourt Gardens, London Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 26 September 2024</ref> 192 631 56 2024 Residential tower.
10 File:Wardian Tower East.png Wardian London (East Tower) 187 614 55 2019 Residential tower.
11 File:The Madison.png Amory Tower (The Madison) 182 597 53 2019 Residential tower.
12 Wardian London - West Tower - Canary Wharf, Isle of Dogs - May 2024 (2) Wardian London (West Tower) 168 552 50 2019 Residential tower.
13 File:50-60 Charter Street, Wood Wharf, London, September 2025 (2).jpg 50-60 Charter Street, Tower 1 161 528 49 2024 Residential tower. Also known as Wood Wharf J3.<ref>GRID and KPF’s trio of skyscrapers in Canary Wharf get the go-ahead. 23 February 2022AJ. Retrieved 7 October 2025.</ref><ref>Wood Wharf J3 London Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 7 October 2025.</ref>
14 File:One Thames Quay, Marsh Wall - May 2024.png One Thames Quay (225 Marsh Wall) <ref>Halcyon London Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref> 158 517 49 2024 Residential tower. Situated at 225 Marsh Wall, the sister tower to the Amory Tower.<ref>One Thames Quay Canary Development. 26 June 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2024.</ref>
15 File:Barclays HQ.jpg One Churchill Place 156 513 32 2005 Occupied by Barclays as its global headquarters.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
16= File:40 Bank Street Heron Quay London.jpg 40 Bank Street 153 502 33 2003 Multi-tenanted; occupiers include Allen & Overy, ANZ Bank, China Construction Bank, Duff & Phelps, Saxo Bank, and Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom.<ref name="whoshere" />
16= File:25 Bank Street 2012.JPG 25 Bank Street 153 502 33 2003 Occupied by JPMorgan Chase as its European headquarters since 2012.<ref>Canary Wharf Group plc – Estate Map Template:Webarchive. Canarywharf.com (13 May 2010). Retrieved on 12 July 2013.</ref>
18 File:10 Upper Bank Street - November 2023.jpg 10 Upper Bank Street 151 495 32 2003 Occupied by Clifford Chance as its global headquarters.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Other occupiers include FTSE Group, Infosys, Mastercard, Deutsche Bank, and Total.<ref name="whoshere" />
19 File:10ParkDriveCanaryWharf.jpg 10 Park Drive
Wood Wharf		 150 492 43 2019 Residential tower.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The first residential development to be built in Wood Wharf.<ref>10 Park Drive — Canary Wharf Group Template:Webarchive Canary Development. 4 January 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2023.</ref>
20 File:Cropped image of Baltimore Tower - 30435639090 bf141ef3b1 o.jpg Arena Tower (Baltimore Tower) 149 489 45 2017 Residential tower.
21 File:Pan Peninsula London.jpg Pan Peninsula (East Tower) 147 484 48 2008 Residential tower.
22 File:MaineTowerCanaryWharf.jpg Maine Tower (Harbour Central Block D) 144 472 42 2018 Residential tower. Centrepiece of Harbour Central development containing seven buildings.<ref name="Sailmakers – Harbour Central">Sailmakers – Harbour Central Template:Webarchive Canary Development. 25 January 2022. Retrieved 18 December 2023.</ref><ref>Maine Tower – Harbour Central Template:Webarchive Canary Development. 16 March 2021. Retrieved 18 December 2023.</ref> Also see Harbour Central Block C (Sirocco Tower).
23 File:One and Five Bank Street, Canary Wharf (West Face).jpg One & Five Bank Street 143 469 28 2019 Commercial tower.<ref>1 Bank Street, London Template:Webarchive Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 18 December 2023.</ref> European Bank for Reconstruction and Development relocated its headquarters to Five Bank Street in 2022.<ref>EBRD headquarters Template:Webarchive European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Retrieved 18 December 2023.</ref>
24 File:22 Marsh Wall.jpg 24 Marsh Wall (Landmark East Tower) 140 458 44 2010 Residential tower
25= File:Novotel Hotel Canary Wharf.jpg 40 Marsh Wall (Novotel London Canary Wharf) 128 420 39 2017 Hotel operating as 'Novotel Canary Wharf'
25= File:Grid Building.png 10 George Street
Wood Wharf		 128 420 35 2018 Residential tower, the first of three build-to-rent properties commissioned by Vertus, the rental arm of the Canary Wharf group.<ref>Vertus – 10 George Street Template:Webarchive Canary Development. 4 January 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2023.</ref>
27 File:Harbour Central Block C.jpg Harbour Central Block C (Sirocco Tower)<ref>Sirocco Tower, London Template:Webarchive Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 20 December 2023.</ref> 125 409 36 2018 Residential tower. Sirocco tower was the first built out of the 7 buildings on the Harbour Central site.<ref name="Sailmakers – Harbour Central"/> Also see Maine Tower.
28 File:Pan Peninsula London.jpg Pan Peninsula (West Tower) 122 400 39 2008 Residential tower. (see Pan Peninsula East Tower)
29 File:Alta at Consort Place - Completed project August 2025.jpg Alta at Consort Place<ref>Alta at Consort Place Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 24 August 2024.</ref> 121 400 36 2024 Residential / education.
30 File:25 Churchill Place, Canary Wharf.jpg 25 Churchill Place 118<ref>25 Churchill Place, London Template:Webarchive Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 19 December 2023.</ref> 387 24 2014 The building housed the European Medicines Agency from early 2014 until March 2019 when they relocated to Amsterdam<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Ernst & Young from 2015.
31 File:50-60 Charter Street, Wood Wharf, London, September 2025 (2).jpg 50-60 Charter Street, Tower 2 112 367 34 2024 Residential tower. Also known as Wood Wharf J1.<ref>GRID and KPF’s trio of skyscrapers in Canary Wharf get the go-ahead. 23 February 2022AJ. Retrieved 7 October 2025.</ref><ref>Wood Wharf, List of Buildings in Complex Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 8 October 2025.</ref>
32 File:Dollar Bay Tower E14 9BX.jpg Dollar Bay Tower 109 358 31 2016 Residential tower.
33 File:OneWestIndiaQuay.jpg 1 West India Quay 108 354 36 2004 Residential (158 apartments) and a Marriott Hotel.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Was the tallest residential building in the UK when completed in 2004.<ref>1 West India Quay – 22 Hertsmere Road Template:WebarchiveCanary Development. 4 January 2021. Retrieved 25 February 2024.</ref>
34 File:33 Canada Square.jpg 33 Canada Square 105 344 18 1999 33 Canada Square and 25 Canada Square together form a single complex, see above for details.

Listed buildings

File:EH1065783 Quay Walls, copings and Buttresses to Import Dock and Export Dock 01.JPG
Quay walls, copings and buttresses to Import Dock and Export Dock
File:EH1242440 Warehouses and General Offices at Western End of North Quay 09.jpg
Warehouses and general offices at western end of North Quay

As of 12 February 2023, there are 16 listed buildings in Canary Wharf of which 2 are grade I and 14 grade II.<ref>Listed Buildings in Canary Wharf Ward, Tower Hamlets British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 12 February 2023.</ref>

Grade I listed buildings

These docks along with Nos 1 and 2 warehouses are now the only surviving examples of the first intensive period of London Docklands construction: 1800–10.

Grade II listed buildings

Most of the grade II listed buildings in Canary Wharf sit to the north-west of West India Dock North, and are located within the West India Dock conservation area.<ref>West India Dock Conservation Area Template:Webarchive London Borough of Tower Hamlets. 7 March 2007. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> In addition to architectural values, "these buildings and structures are of significance due to their association with the development of the docks and the community that grew up around them".<ref>North Quay Heritage Assessment by Peter Stewart Consultancy Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group Plc. July 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref>

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Photograph Building name Construction date Location
(E14 postal district)		 Listing date Description
File:10 and 12, Garford Street E14 8JG.jpg 10 and 12, Garford Street E14<ref>10 and 12, Garford Street E14, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1800s, early Garford Street Template:Dts Early 19th century pairs of stock brick houses. These cottages were originally built for the officers and sergeants who supervised the Docks.
File:14 Garford Street E14 8JG.jpg 14, Garford Street E14<ref>14, Garford Street E14, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1800s, early Garford Street Template:Dts Early 19th century stock brick house.
File:16 - 18 Garford Street E14 8JG.jpg 16 and 18, Garford Street E14<ref>16 and 18, Garford Street E14, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1800s, early Garford Street Template:Dts Early 19th century pairs of stock brick houses.
File:Gate Piers West India Dock Hertsmere Road E14 8JJ.jpg Entrance gates to West India Docks<ref>Entrance Gates to West India Docks, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1800s, early West India Dock Road Template:Dts Two rusticated Portland stone piers with a capping of four dwarf pediments and acroteria.
File:Former Entrance Gate West India Dock.jpg Former west entrance gate to West India Docks with curved walling and bollards<ref>Former West Entrance Gate to West India Docks with Curved Walling and Bollards, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1900s, early Westferry Road Template:Dts Stock brick curved wing walls and Portland stone gatepiers. Modern brick wall blocks entrance. Two cast-iron obelisk pattern bollards with the inscription WIDC (West India Dock Company).
File:Railings west of former West India Dock main gate Hertsmere Road E14 8JJà.jpg Railings to west of main gate at West India Docks<ref>Railings to West of Main Gate at West India Dock, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1800s, early West India Dock Road Template:Dts Cast iron railings approximately 70 yards in length.
File:1 Hertsmere Rd, London E14 8JJ.jpg Former excise office<ref>Former Excise Office, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1807 West India Dock Road Template:Dts Also known as Dockmaster's House, by the architect and engineer Thomas Morris.
File:Railings at 1 Hertsmere Road E14 8JJ.jpg Railings and gatepiers to former excise office<ref>Railings and Gatepiers to Former Excise Office, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1807 West India Dock Road Template:Dts Contemporary iron railings with six rusticated stucco gatepiers on street front. The stucco decoration of the piers elaborated mid 19th century.
File:Quadrangle Stores now Cannon Workshops Cannon Drive E14 4AS.jpg Quadrangle Stores at West India Dock<ref>Quadrangle Stores at West India Dock, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1825 West India Dock Road Template:Dts Also known as Cannon Workshops, by engineer John Rennie the Younger. A rare survival of an early purpose built illustrative of the workings of the Docks Company.
File:Salvation Army 20 Garford Street E14 8JG.jpg Salvation Army hostel<ref>Salvation Army Hostel, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1905 Garford Street Template:Dts Neo Georgian style building by architectural partnership Niven and Wigglesworth. Also known as: 20 Garford Street.
File:West India Dock Former Guardhouse Cannon Drive E14 4AS.jpg West India Dock former guard house<ref>West India Dock Former Guard House, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1803 West India Dock Road Template:Dts A one storey, small circular building designed by architect George Gwilt. It originally formed one of a pair built by Docks Company as a lock-up and armoury.
File:HE1242444 Former West Entrance Lock To South Dock, West India Docks (4).jpg Former west entrance lock to South Dock, West India Docks<ref>Former West Entrance Lock to South Dock, West India Docks, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1803-05 Westferry Road Template:Dts By civil engineer William Jessop, built as the west entrance lock to the City Canal, later taken into the West India Docks system.
Fitch and Sons Works<ref>Fitch and Sons Works, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1870-80 Westferry Road Template:Dts A good example of the smaller warehouses in the historical West India Docks, with built in retail outlet on ground floor, a now rare feature.
File:London MMB »1T9 River Thames.jpg Cascades<ref>Cascades, A Grade II Listed Building in Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive British Listed Buildings, History in Structure. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> 1987-88 Westferry Road Template:Dts A 20-storey residential tower by CZWG, exemplary of British post-modernist architecture practice and an important residential scheme of the late 20th century British town planning and industrial reclamation.<ref>Cascades Template:Webarchive CZWG Listed Buildings. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref>

Corporations and agencies

Canary Wharf contains around Template:Cvt of office and retail space, of which around Template:Cvt (about 49%) is owned by Canary Wharf Group.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Around 105,000 people work in Canary Wharf,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and it is home to the world or European headquarters of numerous major banks, professional services firms, and media organisations, including Barclays, Citigroup, Clifford Chance, Credit Suisse, Ernst & Young, Fitch Ratings, HSBC, Infosys, JPMorgan Chase, KPMG, MetLife, Moody's, Morgan Stanley, Royal Bank of Canada, Deutsche Bank, S&P Global, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, State Street, The Economist Group, and Thomson Reuters.<ref>Template:Cite newsTemplate:Dead link</ref> Until 2018, Canary Wharf also hosted two European Union agencies, European Medicines Agency<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and European Banking Authority,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> that moved to Amsterdam and Paris respectively due to Brexit.

Leisure

File:City of London from Canary Wharf.jpg
West India Quay

Marina

West India Quays and Poplar Dock are two marinas that are used as moorings for barges and private leisure river craft. They are owned by the Canal & River Trust.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Library

A local public library, called Idea Store Canary Wharf, is in Churchill Place shopping mall and run by Tower Hamlets Council. It opened in 2006 as part of the Idea Store project<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and is the borough's fourth Idea Store.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Cinema

Canary Wharf hosts two multiplexes (cinemas), one on West India Quay run by Cineworld.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and another at Crossrail Place run by Everyman Cinemas.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Go Karting

An over 800m long electric karting facility exists within Cabot Square. The facility can accommodate up to 20 drivers at a time. Karts can reach speeds of up to 45 mph.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Squares and public areas

File:Cabot Square, Canary Wharf - June 2008.jpg
East view from Cabot Square

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Canada Square is one of the central squares at Canary Wharf. It is a large open space with grass, except during the winter when it is converted into an ice rink. The square is named after Canada, because the original developers of modern Canary Wharf, Olympia & York, wanted to reflect their heritage as a Canadian company. Underneath the square is Canada Place shopping mall.

Westferry Circus is on the west side of Canary Wharf. It is a garden at ground level, and below is a roundabout allowing traffic to flow through. The garden is enclosed by bespoke hand-crafted ornamental railings and entrance gates by artist Giuseppe Lund. The area has a long history, dating back to 1812, when the Poplar and Greenwich Roads Company operated a horse ferry between Greenwich and the Isle of Dogs. It operated on the West Ferry and East Ferry Roads, which the names survived. Westferry Circus was chosen as the name for the roundabout and park by virtue of its proximity to Westferry Road.

Cabot Square is one of the biggest squares at Canary Wharf, with a large fountain at the centre. The inner perimeter has additional fountains covered by trees. The square has large circular glass ventilation holes to allow gases to escape from the underground car park. The square is named after John Cabot and his son Sebastian, who were Italian explorers who settled in England in 1484.

Churchill Place is an area on the east side of Canary Wharf. It is named after Winston Churchill.

Columbus Courtyard is a small square on the west side of Canary Wharf named after Christopher Columbus. The first phase of Canary Wharf was completed in 1992, 500 years after Columbus arrived in America.

Chancellor Passage is a passageway south of Cabot Square. Named after Richard Chancellor who sailed with Sir John Willoughby from Greenwich on their voyage through the White Sea to Moscow.

Wren Landing is small area north of Cabot Square. Leads to North Dock footbridge towards Port East. Named after British architect Christopher Wren.

Montgomery Square, located at the east end of Jubilee Park, is an outdoor location for socialising. Events include street food markets, beach volleyball tournaments,<ref>Beach Volleyball Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. Retrieved 30 December 2023.</ref> paddle tennis competition,<ref>Padel Tennis Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. Retrieved 30 December 2023.</ref> and minigolf.<ref>A Wonderfully Colourful (And Free!) Minigolf Course Has Landed In Canary Wharf. They're clearly not worried about errant golf balls smashing into any of Canary Wharf's many glass skyscrapers! Template:Webarchive Secret London. 22 May 2023. Retrieved 30 December 2023.</ref><ref name="canarywharf.com">Spring in Canary Wharf: Green Spaces and Parks Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. 10 May 2023. Retrieved 29 December 2023.</ref>

Parks and green spaces

File:Jubilee Park, Canary Wharf - geograph.org.uk - 2924487.jpg
Raised serpentine water channel at Jubilee Park

Jubilee Park is a 10,000 m² roof garden located above Jubilee Place, a shopping mall, and Canary Wharf Jubilee Station, an underground railway station.<ref>Jubilee Park, Canary Wharf, The Garden Guide Template:Webarchive Gardenvisit.com. Retrieved 14 December 2023.</ref> The park, opened in 2002 and was named in honour of the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II.<ref>Jubilee Park, Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive Life on Roof. Retrieved 14 December 2023.</ref> Jubilee Park is located in the financial district of Canary Wharf. The park's central feature is a raised serpentine water channel with rough stone walls. The curvilinear design of the water channel is intended to contrast to the scale and straightness of the surrounding buildings.<ref>Jubilee Park, Canary Wharf, London Template:Webarchive Life on Roof. Retrieved 28 December 2023.</ref> In 2023, Jubilee Park won the Green Flag Award, recognising Jubilee Park as one of the United Kingdom's best parks<ref>Jubilee Park awarded the coveted Green Flag Award as it is officially recognized as one of the country's best parks – 19 July 2023 Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. 19 July 2023. Retrieved 24 December 2023.</ref>

Crossrail Place has a Template:Cvt roof garden, one of London's largest, housed on the top of seven-storey Elizabeth line Canary Wharf station. Opened to the public in 2015, it is located near the Meridian line, which divides eastern and western hemispheres. In the garden, plants native to the Eastern Hemisphere are positioned to the east of the Meridian line, while those originating from the Western Hemisphere are placed to the west.<ref>Crossrail Place Roof Garden Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group. Retrieved 18 February 2023.</ref><ref>The Gallery and Video | Construction of Crossrail Place roof garden, by Katherine Smale Template:Webarchive New Civil Engineer. 1 May 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2023.</ref> The design and development of Crossrail Place Roof Garden have been recognised with multiple awards from both international and United Kingdom institutions.<ref>Projects / Crossrail Place Canary Wharf Template:Webarchive Foster + Partners. Retrieved 24 December 2023.</ref> Selected notable awards include: "Best Urban Regeneration Project" at 2016 MIPIM awards in France,<ref>Canary Wharf's Crossrail Place gets international acclaim, picking up a gong at Mipim's annual awards ceremony Template:Webarchive CityA.M. 20 March 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2023.</ref> the first prize for the best "Innovative Design of a Contemporary Garden" at the 2017 European Garden Awards in Berlin,<ref>Gillespies scoops first prize at the European Garden Awards for Crossrail Place Roof Garden Template:Webarchive Gillespies. 20 September 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2023.</ref> and a "Highly Commended" accolade at the 2016 Landscape Institute Awards in the category 'Design for a Small-Scale Development'.<ref>LI-commended Crossrail Place Roof Garden wins European Garden Award Template:Webarchive Landscape Institute. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2023.</ref>

Harbour Quay Garden is a garden opened in early 2022, located on Wood Wharf, featuring a boardwalk for waterside leisure. The garden also offers picnic spots and outdoor fitness equipment on the green lawn.<ref>Harbour Quay Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. Retrieved 28 December 2023.</ref>

Harbord Square Park is the newest garden square in Wood Wharf. It is open 24/7 and offers green space available for mindfulness activities and to support nearby residents' general wellbeing.<ref>Harbord Square Park Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. Retrieved 28 December 2023.</ref>

File:Eden Dock 2024-10-03.jpg
Eden Dock in the Middle Dock

Eden Dock opened in October 2024, in partnership with the Eden Project. The waterfront green space can be accessed via Jubilee Plaza or Mackenzie Walk. It includes floating islands which are designed to encourage biodiversity.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Shopping malls

Canary Wharf shopping centre has five interconnected shopping malls: Canada Place, Cabot Place, Jubilee Place, Crossrail Place, and Churchill Place. The malls provide over Template:Cvt of retail space with more than 310 shops.<ref>Retail Leasing: Expand the ever-growing, vibrant lifestyle at Canary Wharf. Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. Retrieved 27 December 2023.</ref> There are also bars, restaurants, and food halls at street level.

Local government elections

Template:Further Every four years, residents of Canary Wharf ward elect two councillors to represent them on Tower Hamlets Council. Template:Election box begin Template:Election box winning candidate with party link Template:Election box winning candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link

Template:Election box total votes Template:Election box rejected Template:Election box registered electors Template:Election box turnout Template:Election box gain with party link Template:Election box gain with party link Template:Election box end

† Andrew Wood was elected for the Conservative Party in 2018, but resigned to sit as an Independent in 2020.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Transport

Canary Wharf is served by London-wide, regional, national and international transport connections.

Rail

Canary Wharf is in London fare zone 2, and several stations can be found throughout the estate.

File:Canary Wharf Tube Station (28015542538).jpg
Canary Wharf tube station on the Jubilee line

Stations in Canary Wharf only offer direct connections to London and Berkshire destinations. Regional and national National Rail connections can be found elsewhere in London, including at Liverpool Street, Lewisham, London Bridge, Stratford, Stratford International and Waterloo.<ref name=":1" />

Road

File:A1020 Lower Lea Crossing - geograph.org.uk - 1362713.jpg
The A1026 Lower Lea Crossing, heading towards Canary Wharf. A shared use path for cycles and pedestrians also crosses the bridge.

Major roads near Canary Wharf include:

Air pollution

A large building heads up into the sky. Only a portion of the building is visible, as the top is engulfed in a thick fog.
Low cloud and fog at Canary Wharf

Transport for London (TfL) and the London Borough of Tower Hamlets monitor the air quality around Canary Wharf.

In 2017, an automatic monitoring station in Blackwall found that local air quality failed to meet UK National Air Quality Objectives, recording an annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration of 56 μg/m3 (micrograms per cubic metre). The national objective is set by the government at 40 μg/m3.

Alternative stations nearer Canary Wharf recorded cleaner air. Monitors at the Limehouse Link/Westferry Road junction and on Prestons Road recorded a 2017 annual average NO2 concentration of 40 μg/m3, which Tower Hamlets argue fails to meet the UK National Objective.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Buses

London Buses routes 135, 277, D3, D7, D8, N277, N550 and SL4 call at bus stops near Canary Wharf. Bus 135 links Canary Wharf directly to Liverpool Street in the City of London, and bus D8 to Stratford.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

File:London MMB «P3 Canary Wharf Pier.jpg
Canary Wharf Pier

Riverboat

Several Riverboat services call at Canary Wharf Pier, including:

Tower, London Bridge City and Blackfriars are in the City of London. Oyster Cards are valid for travel on TfL-coordinated riverboat services.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Airports

London City Airport is Template:Convert from Canary Wharf. Over 4.8 million passengers passed through City Airport in 2018. The airport serves domestic and international destinations. <ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

London City Airport is on the DLR train line. Passengers from Canary Wharf can change trains at Poplar for services to the Airport.<ref name=":0" />

Cycling

File:Cable Street cycle superhighway.jpg
Cycle Superhighway 3 passes to the north of Canary Wharf and links the estate to the City of London, Westminster and Hyde Park on a predominantly traffic-free route.

The Canary Wharf Group, London Borough of Tower Hamlets and Transport for London (TfL) provide cycling infrastructure in and around Canary Wharf. Several leisure and commuter routes pass through or near the estate, including:

Museums and archives

Opened in a Grade I listed Georgian warehouse by Queen Elizabeth II in June 2003, the Museum of London Docklands is one of the main attractions in the area.<ref>Museum of London Docklands: 'The past is problematic in this country' Template:WebarchiveBBC News. 16 July 2023. Retrieved 10 January 2024.</ref> It is dedicated to the history of London's river, port, and people from Roman settlement to the present day. The museum offers a range of activities for children and families, including interactive displays and immersive activities.<ref>Families fun and learning for all Template:WebarchiveMuseum of London Docklands. Retrieved 10 January 2024.</ref>

Pokémon Go

Canary Wharf has been reported since 2017 as part of the Pokémon Go augmented reality game to being the home for the most wanted Pokémon gyms in London including Canary Wharf DLR station and Montgomery Square.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Canary Wharf Group published an official Pokémon map for PokéStops and Pokémon Gyms, the managing director for retail Camille Waxer said in 2016 that Pokémon Go has serious potential to attract new audiences to the area, particularly food and drink outlets which saw an increase in foot traffic.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Events and festivals

Winter Lights Festival

File:Cabot Square, Canary Wharf, London 2019-01-17, 02.jpg
Cabot Square during the Winter Lights Festival, 17 January 2019

Incepted in 2014, the Canary Wharf Winter Lights Festival turns on in January every year.<ref>Winter Lights Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. Retrieved 25 December 2023.</ref> The public are free to visit a range of outdoor light, art and interactive installations created by artists from around the world. The festival was awarded the Best Creative Lighting Event award by the [d]arc awards in 2017 and 2019.<ref>Canary Wharf Winter Lights Festival Scoops Best Creative Lighting Event at darc awards 2017 Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. 12 October 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2023.</ref><ref>Canary Wharf's Winter Lights Festival Adds Second darc award to the Mantelpiece Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. 15 January 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2023.</ref> The 2023 Canary Wharf Winter Lights Festival was described as the largest light art festival in London.<ref>Winter Lights Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group. Retrieved 16 February 2023.</ref><ref>Canary Wharf Winter Lights festival 2023: First look at the luminous spectacle taking over E14 Template:Webarchive Evening Standard. 17 January 2023. Retrieved 16 February 2023.</ref>

WaterAid Dragon Boat Race

The event is organised annually by WaterAid, an international charity, in collaboration with the Canary Wharf Group. The funds raised through this event are used to combat the escalating water crisis that leaves people globally unable to access clean water and without a basic toilet. The Dragon Boat Race, based on a Chinese tradition dating back over 2,000 years, takes place in South Dock of Canary Wharf on summer, and is open to corporate teams of between 11 and 17 participants. In 2022, 15 teams participated in the race, and the event raised £26,000.<ref>Canary Wharf businesses to ride the wave in annual Dragon Boat Race for WaterAid. Safeeyah Kazi Template:Webarchive WaterAid. 11 May 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.</ref> With 19 teams taking place in the 2023 race, the raised funds was increased to £31,744.<ref>Canary Wharf businesses splash their way to £31,744 in annual Dragon Boat Race for WaterAid. Safeeyah Kazi Template:Webarchive WaterAid. 12 July 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.</ref>

Festival14

Hosted by the Canary Wharf Group, the festival was a four-day event from 21 to 24 July 2022.<ref>Brand New Music, Arts, Theatre and Comedy Festival Coming to Canary Wharf this July – 12.05.22 Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. 12 May 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2023.</ref> It hosted over 60 live acts including music, theatre, dance, poetry, and children's activities throughout the estate. The majority of acts were free to attend, and the event transformed the estate's numerous parks, plazas, and open spaces as they hosted a line-up of artists and performers from across the world.<ref>Brand New Music, Arts, Theatre and Comedy Festival Coming to Canary Wharf this July – 12.05.22 Template:Webarchive Canarywharf.com. Retrieved 24 December 2023.</ref> The second year of Festival14 was extended to a five day event in July 2023.<ref>Get Into the Groove: Canary Wharf's Free Music and Culture Festival Returns This July – 25.04.23 Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. 25 April 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2023.</ref><ref>Festival14 Wed 26 – Sun 30 July 2023, Canary Wharf Template:Webarchive Canarywharf.com. Retrieved 24 December 2023.</ref>

Open water swimming

Canary Wharf has partnered with Love Open Water to launch its first outdoor swimming since summer 2022. The venue, located in the 220-year-old Middle Dock, offers Template:Cvt of open water swimming.<ref>Open water swimming returns to Canary Wharf for second summer. The Middle Dock is open to swimmers 'of all levels' for £8.50 a visit Template:Webarchive The Standard. 5 June 2023. Retrieved 30 December 2023.</ref><ref>Open Water Swimming, Reopening 2024 Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group plc. Retrieved 30 December 2023.</ref>

Outdoor public art

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File:Couple on a Seat - Lynn Chadwick.jpg
Couple on Seat by Lynn Chadwick, located at Cabot Square, Canary Wharf<ref>Lynn Chadwick: Couple on Seat Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group. Retrieved 16 February 2023.</ref>

The Canary Wharf Art Trail is the largest outdoor public art collection in London.<ref>Culture for Community-Art for Everyone Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group. Retrieved 16 February 2023.</ref><ref>A guide to the Canary Wharf Art Trail Template:Webarchive Canary Development. 10 February 2021. Retrieved 16 February 2023.</ref> People are free to visit more than 100 pieces of stand-alone sculptures, integrated architectural works, and outdoor art exhibiting outside buildings around the Canary Wharf area.<ref>Art on the Estate Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group. Retrieved 16 February 2023.</ref> Two printed maps are regularly updated by the Canary Wharf Group for visitors to discover and identify artworks permanently on display all over the estate.

  • Canary Wharf Art Map: over 100 pieces of artworks, with a brief description, are numbered sequentially as to their exhibition locations at Canary Wharf.<ref>Canary Wharf Art Map Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group. Retrieved 15 February 2023.</ref>
  • Children's Art Trail: a smaller trail of 12 sculptures and artworks for children.<ref>Children's Art Trail Template:Webarchive Canary Wharf Group. Retrieved 15 February 2023.</ref>

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The Canary Wharf website provides information about Raise Your Art Rate, an ongoing event that allows visitors to explore the outdoor public art collection while exercising. The event offers 1, 3, and 5 km walking, jogging or running routes that traverse the artworks. The routes are tailored to showcase the over 100 artworks on display throughout the estate. The event is free and open to all visitors.<ref>Raise Your Art Rate Template:WebarchiveCanary Wharf Art Trail. Canary Wharf Group plc. Retrieved 8 January 2024.</ref>

A free mini golf pitch has been created with a 9-hole course in Montgomery Square.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Media

The East London Advertiser (formerly The Docklands & East London Advertiser) is a local newspaper printing weekly and also online.

Wharf Life is a fortnightly publication of 15,000 copies for Canary Wharf, Docklands and east London. An E-edition is also available.<ref>Wharf life Template:Webarchive Wharf life. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</ref>

See also

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References

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Further reading

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