Foreign relations of Kenya

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Template:Short description Template:Use Kenyan English Template:Use dmy dates

Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists Kenya maintains relations with various countries around the world. Its closest ties are with its fellow Swahili-speaking neighbors in the African Great Lakes region. Swahili speaking neighbours mainly include countries in the East African Community such as Burundi, the DRC, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda.

Kenya's relations with other states vary. The government of Ethiopia established political links in the colonial period with Kenya's then British administration, and today it is one of several national bodies with a diplomatic presence in Nairobi. Relations with Somalia have historically been tense, although there has been some military co-ordination against insurgents.

Elsewhere, the Kenyan government has political ties with China, India, Pakistan, Russia, United Arab Emirates, and Brazil. It also maintains relations with Western countries, particularly the United Kingdom, although political and economic instabilities are often blamed on Western activities (e.g. colonialism, paternalistic engagement, and post-colonial resource exploitation).

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Kenya maintains diplomatic relations with:

File:Diplomatic relations of Kenya.svg
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Bilateral relations

Africa

East African Community

Country Formal relations established Notes
Template:Flag labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

Burundi is a partner of Kenya in many areas, particularly trade, security (military), education, agriculture and energy. In 2011, both countries signed a comprehensive bilateral agreement to promote development and technology transfer in agriculture, livestock and fisheries development between them.

During the Burundian ethnic clashes, a significant number of Burundians took up refuge in Kenya. Burundi, along with Kenya, is one of the Swahili-speaking states in the African Great Lakes region.

  • Burundi has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Bujumbura.
Template:Flag labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

The DRC is a strategic partner of Kenya in many areas, particularly trade and security.

The peace deal between the Government of the DRC and leaders of the M23 rebellion was brokered by multiple parties and was signed in Nairobi in late 2013. M23 was routed in a UN-backed offensive by government troops. Under the deal there would be no amnesty for those wanted for war crimes. The deal was hosted by Uhuru Kenyatta, the President of Kenya.<ref name="BBC">Template:Cite news</ref> By the end of 2014 both countries were to sign a Joint Commission for Cooperation. Under the agreement Kenya was to establish a consulate in Goma and DRC in Mombasa<ref name="businessdailyafrica">http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Kenya--DR-Congo-to-open-consulates-to-boost-trade/-/539546/1745512/-/6e4w00z/-/index.html . Kenya, DR Congo to open consulates to boost trade Retrieved on 7 January 2015.</ref> The deal would help deepen trade and investment between both countries.

Both countries are inhabited by significant Swahili speaking populations, Swahili is the national language in both countries. Kenya and the DRC share some cultural similarities.

  • DR Congo has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Kinshasa.
Template:Flag 11 June 1965 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 June 1965 when first Ambassador of Rwanda to Kenya (resident in Kampala) Mr. Malahie Musabyimana presented his credentials to President Kenyatta.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

Kenya is a partner of Rwanda in many areas, particularly trade, security (military), education, agriculture and energy.

It is estimated that there are about 100,000 Rwandese immigrants in Kenya.

Both countries have on multiple occasions signed various memoranda of understanding. These MOUs involve co-operative technical assistance and development between the two countries.<ref name="minicom">Rwanda and Kenya to strengthen cooperation Template:Webarchive. Retrieved 20 January 2015.</ref>

Kenya has a significant expat community in Rwanda.

  • Kenya has a high commission in Kigali.
  • Rwanda has a high commission in Nairobi.
Template:Flag labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

South Sudan is a strategic partner of Kenya in many areas. Both countries have cultural similarities as many people from South Sudan lived in Kenya before independence.

Kenya is said to have contributed a to South Sudan's independence. The Machakos Protocol signed in Kenya in 2002 saw a ceasefire signed between Sudan and the Southern Sudanese. It was the first of many agreements that led to the creation of Southern Sudan autonomous region which later on led to the independence of South Sudan in 2011. During the independence movement leaders of the freedom movement lived in Kenya. At the peak of the second Sudanese civil war Kenya hosted about 100,000 South Sudanese people.<ref name="AlJazeera">http://studies.aljazeera.net/ResourceGallery/media/Documents/2012/3/29/201232915413854734South%20Sudan%20and%20Kenya.pdf Template:Webarchive . South Sudan and Kenya: The Relationships Retrieved on 5 January 2015.</ref>

  • Kenya has an embassy in Juba.
  • South Sudan has an embassy in Nairobi.
Template:Flag 13 December 1983 labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

Tanzania is a partner of Kenya in many areas, particularly trade, security (military), education, agriculture and energy.

The first high commissions of Kenya in Tanzania and vice versa were opened after the independence of Kenya. However, after the breakup of the EAC in 1977, both countries severed diplomatic ties. The breakup of the first EAC which was founded in 1967 was brought about by ideological differences between Tanzania and Kenya. As it was during the cold war African countries were making decisions on whether to become socialist or capitalist. Kenya's leader Kenyatta was intent on making sure that Kenya wouldn't become socialist and Kenya stuck to capitalism. Tanzania on the other hand championed for Ujamaa, a major African socialist policy.<ref>Fred Oluoch Lest we forget: What killed the first EAC marriage Template:Webarchive The EastAfrican 2 November 2013. Retrieved 20 January 2015.</ref>

Tanzania and Kenya resumed diplomatic ties in 1983.<ref name=kenyahighcomtz>Kenya Tanzania Relations. Retrieved 20 January 2015. Template:Webarchive</ref> By that time, a lot of factors were slowing the idea of Ujamaa in Tanzania among them the war with Uganda and many other social factors.Template:Citation needed

Today both countries enjoy healthy relations. Both countries are inhabited by the world's largest Swahili speaking populations, Swahili is the official and national language in both countries. Kenya and Tanzania share a lot of cultural similarities.

  • Kenya has a high commission in Dar-es-Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Nairobi and a consulate-general in Mombasa.
Template:Flag 8 February 1978 labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

The two East African Community countries are partners in many areas, particularly in the trade, infrastructure, security (military), education, agriculture and energy sectors.

From 1961 to 1965, the two states along with Tanzania were united in the East African Common Services Organisation, a common market with a loose federal structure.<ref>East Africa Living Encyclopedia: Kenya - Foreign Relations</ref> Kenya and Uganda were also founding members of the original East African Community (EAC), which later collapsed due to ideological differences and territorial disputes within itself.

On 7 July 2000, Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania reestablished the EAC. It has contributed a great deal in improving trade and overall relations between Kenya and Uganda.

The countries are both inhabited by significant Swahili-speaking populations, and share significant cultural similarities.

  • Kenya has a high commission in Kampala.
  • Uganda has a high commission in Nairobi.

Rest of Africa

Country Formal relations established Notes
Template:Flag 23 June 1964 labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
Template:Flag 22 July 1985 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 July 1985 when Kenya's Ambassador to Angola Mr. John Kaumau Kimani presented his credentials.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Angola has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Luanda.
Template:Flag 30 October 1967 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 October 1967.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Botswana has a high commission in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has a high commission in Gaborone.
Template:Flag 13 March 1984 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

  • Djibouti has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Template:Flag labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Egypt has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Cairo.
Template:Flag 26 June 1964 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

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Relations between Kenya and Ethiopia date back to 1954, when the Ethiopian authorities under Haile Selassie I established an honorary consulate general in the British Kenya Colony. In 1961, prior to Kenya's independence, Ethiopia appointed its first ambassador to Kenya, and six years later Kenya opened an embassy in Addis Ababa.<ref>"Ethiopia – Kenya relations" Template:Webarchive, Ministry of Foreign Affairs website (accessed 9 October 2009)</ref>

The border between the two countries is based on a treaty signed by Ethiopia and Kenya on 9 June 1970, which determines the present-day boundary, abrogating all previous boundary treaties. This border has been subjected to demarcation.<ref>"Ethiopia – Kenya Boundary" Template:Webarchive, U.S. State Department International Boundary Study, No. 152 – 15 October 1975</ref>

  • Ethiopia has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Addis Ababa.
Template:Flag 16 December 1963 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 December 1963<ref name="books.google.com">Template:Cite book</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Ghana has a high commission in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has a high commission in Accra.
Template:Flag 5 November 1976 labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Kenya has a high commission in Maputo.
  • Mozambique has a high commission in Nairobi.
Template:Flag 22 March 1990 labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Kenya has a high commission in Windhoek.
  • Namibia is accredited to Kenya from its high commission in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.
Template:Flag labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Kenya has a high commission in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has a high commission in Nairobi.
Template:Flag labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

Relations between Kenya and Somalia have historically been tense. Agitations over self-determination in the Somali-inhabited Northern Frontier District culminated in the Shifta War during the 1960s.<ref name="Howard">Rhoda E. Howard, Human Rights in Commonwealth Africa, (Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.: 1986), p. 95</ref> Although the conflict ended in a cease-fire, Somalis in the region still identify and maintain close ties with their kin in Somalia.<ref name="Godfrey">Godfrey Mwakikagile, Kenya: identity of a nation, (Godfrey Mwakikagile: 2007), p. 79.</ref>

In October 2011, a coordinated operation between the Somali military and the Kenyan military began against the Al-Shabaab group of insurgents in southern Somalia.<ref name="Tssgskfm">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref name="Jointc">Joint Communique – Operation Linda Nchi</ref> The mission was officially led by the Somali army, with the Kenyan forces providing a support role.<ref name="Jointc"/> In early June 2012, Kenyan troops were formally integrated into AMISOM.<ref name="Gkdmaaaism">Template:Cite news</ref>

  • Kenya is accredited to Somalia from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs based in Nairobi.
  • Somalia has an embassy in Nairobi.
Template:Flag 12 April 1994 citation CitationClass=web

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  • Kenya has a high commission in Pretoria.
  • South Africa has a high commission in Nairobi.
Template:Flag 28 January 1965 labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Kenya has an embassy in Khartoum.
  • Sudan has an embassy in Nairobi.
Template:Flag labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Kenya has a high commission in Lusaka.
  • Zambia has a high commission in Nairobi.
Template:Flag labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Kenya has an embassy in Harare.
  • Zimbabwe has an embassy in Nairobi.

Americas

Country Formal relations established Notes
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  • During Prime Minister's Mottley's visit in late 2019 she opened the CARICOM office in Nairobi, Kenya which will be a joint diplomatic mission for Caribbean countries.<ref name="wicnews">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
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  • Brazil has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Brasília.
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Template:Flag September 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations in September 1975<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Chile has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya is accredited to Chile from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
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  • Colombia has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya is accredited to Colombia from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
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  • Cuba has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Havana.
Template:Flag 19 March 1976 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}President Kenyatta made a state visit in August 2019. He met and held talks with Prime Minister Holness.

Kenyatta was the main guest for the celebration of the 57th Independence Day Jamaica.<ref name="nation">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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}}</ref> Both leaders (Holness and Kenyatta) also launched the celebrations to mark the International Decade for People of African Descent.<ref name="capitalfm">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Jamaica is accredited to Kenya from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Kenya is accredited to Jamaica from its embassy in Havana, Cuba.
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After Kenya's independence on 12 December 1963, the United States immediately recognized the new nation and moved to establish diplomatic relations. The embassy in Nairobi was opened on 12 December 1963<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

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  • Kenya is accredited to Venezuela from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
  • Venezuela has an embassy in Nairobi.

Asia

Country Formal relations established Notes
Template:Flag 28 May 2004 Main Article: Azerbaijan-Kenya relations
  • Diplomatic relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Republic of  Kenya were established on 28 May 2004<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
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  • Cooperation between the two countries covers such areas as tourism, science, education, and so on.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
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Chinese-Kenyan relations date back to 14 December 1963, two days after the formal establishment of Kenyan independence, when China became the fourth country to open an embassy in Nairobi.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Military exchange between the two countries has been increasing in the past decade. General Liu Jingsong, commander of the Lanzhou Military Region, led China's first military delegation to Kenya in December 1996; Major General Nick Leshan, commander of the Kenyan air force, paid a return visit in 1997.<ref name="MFPRC">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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}}</ref> Kenyan president Mwai Kibaki visited Beijing in August 2005.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

  • China has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Beijing.
Template:Flag 14 December 1963 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 December 1963<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • India has a High Commission in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has a High Commission in New Delhi.
Template:INA 15 October 1979 Both countries established diplomatic relations in Template:Dts<ref name="indonesia"/>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Indonesia has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Jakarta.
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  • Iran has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Tehran.
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  • Japan has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Tokyo.
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}}</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

  • Kenya has a high commission in Kuala Lumpur.
  • Malaysia has a high commission in Nairobi.
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  • Kenya has an embassy in Muscat.
  • Oman has an embassy in Nairobi.
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Relations between Pakistan and Kenya were established in the 1960s, when Pakistan expressed its support for Kenya in obtaining independence from British rule. Ever since, relations between the two nations have been warm; with both countries having had discussed previously in the Pakistan-Kenya Joint Ministerial Commission session which was hosted in Nairobi in 2004, about boosting bilateral trade and economic relations.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Kenya has a high commission in Islamabad.
  • Pakistan has a high commission in Nairobi.
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Both countries maintain diplomatic relations as the State of Palestine maintains an embassy in Nairobi.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Template:Flag 20 May 1975

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 May 1975<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

The Philippines and Kenya have forged a historic agreement to strengthen ties between both countries. Under a Joint Commission on Bilateral Cooperation(JCBC)<ref>In the full history find out wiki page on Foreign relations of the Philippines</ref>

  • Kenya is accredited to the Philippines from its embassy in Jakarta, Indonesia.
  • The Philippines has an embassy in Nairobi.
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  • Kenya has an embassy in Doha.
  • Qatar has an embassy in Nairobi.
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Template:Flag 30 March 1968 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 March 1968<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Kenya has an embassy in Ankara.<ref name="Relations between Turkey and Kenya">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
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  • Turkey has an embassy in Nairobi.<ref name="Relations between Turkey and Kenya" />
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$234 million in 2019.<ref name="Relations between Turkey and Kenya" />
  • There are direct flights from Istanbul to Nairobi since 20 February 2009.<ref name="Relations between Turkey and Kenya" />
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  • Kenya has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Nairobi.

Europe

Country Formal relations established Notes
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  • Denmark has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.
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  • Finland has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya is accredited to Finland from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.
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  • France has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Paris.
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}}</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

  • Germany has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Berlin.
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  • Greece has an embassy in Nairobi and an honorary consulate in Mombasa.
  • Kenya is accredited to Greece from its embassy in Rome, Italy and maintains an honorary consulate in Athens.

Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Kenya Template:Webarchive
Consulate of the Republic of Kenya in Hellenic Republic

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  • Italy has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Rome.
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  • Kenya has an embassy in The Hague.
  • Netherlands has an embassy in Nairobi.
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  • Kenya is accredited to Norway from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Norway has an embassy in Nairobi.
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  • Kenya is accredited to Poland from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.
  • Poland has an embassy in Nairobi.
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  • Kenya is accredited to Portugal from its embassy in Paris, France.
  • Portugal has an embassy in Nairobi.
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  • Russia has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Moscow.
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  • Kenya has an embassy in Madrid.
  • Spain has an embassy in Nairobi.
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  • Kenya has an embassy in Stockholm.
  • Sweden has an embassy in Nairobi.
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  • Kenya has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy in Nairobi
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File:Prime Minister Keir Starmer attends UNGA (54021845925).jpg
Kenyan President William Ruto with British Prime Minister Keir Starmer at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2024.

Kenya established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom in 1963.<ref name="britain">Template:Cite thesis</ref>

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The UK governed Kenya from 1895 to 1963, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Economic Partnership Agreement,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> a Defence Cooperation Agreement,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> a Development Partnership,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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In 1895, Britain established the East Africa Protectorate (British East Africa), centred in present-day Kenya and the larger African Great Lakes region. Four years later, the British founded the settlement of Nairobi as a simple rail depot on the railway linking Mombasa to Uganda.<ref name="Greenway">Roger S. Greenway, Timothy M. Monsma, Cities: missions' new frontier, (Baker Book House: 1989), p. 163.</ref> The town quickly grew to become the capital of British East Africa in 1905, with Lieutenant Colonel J. Hayes Sadler as the first governor and commander in chief.

In 1920, the East Africa Protectorate was transformed into a British crown colony, the Kenya Colony. In 1952, Elizabeth II, ascended the throne while visiting Kenya on her and the Duke of Edinburgh's tour of the British Empire and Commonwealth. Two years later, Britain founded the Nairobi Securities Exchange as a voluntary association of stockbrokers in the European community registered under the Societies Act.

Oceania

Country Formal relations established Notes
Template:Flag 23 August 1965 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 August 1965<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
  • Australia has a high commission in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has a high commission in Canberra.

Kenya and the Commonwealth of Nations

Kenya has been a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations since 1963, when it became independent. The nation became a republic in the Commonwealth of Nations in 1964.

Kenya is also a member of the UN and hosts the UN Office in Nairobi, which is the UN Headquarters in Africa.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The office was established in 1996.

International trips made by presidents of Kenya

Uhuru Kenyatta

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File:Map showing countries President Uhuru Kenyatta of Kenya has visited.svg
Countries visited by Kenyatta during his presidency 2013-2022

Uhuru Kenyatta made a 119 International trips to 52 countries during his presidency. The president served two full 5-year terms and made more international official visits than any of his predecessors. Kenyatta mainly made a majority of his visits within Africa and also attended various business forums and multi-lateral international events around the world.

William Ruto

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File:Map showing countries President William Ruto has visited as president.svg
Countries visited by William Ruto during his presidency

William Ruto made his first international trip in September 2022 since he began his presidency on 13 September 2022.

See also

References

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Template:Foreign relations of Kenya Template:Kenya topics Template:Africa in topic Template:Authority control

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