Gideon Sa'ar

Template:Short description Template:Pp-extended Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox officeholder

Gideon Moshe Sa'ar (Template:Langx; born 9 December 1966)<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref> is an Israeli politician currently serving as Israel's Foreign Minister. Sa'ar was first elected to the Knesset as a member of Likud in 2003, serving until 2014. During that period, he served as Education Minister (2009–2013) and Minister of the Interior (2013–2014) under Benjamin Netanyahu's governments.

After a political hiatus, Sa'ar returned to the Knesset in 2019, and unsuccessfully challenged Netanyahu for the leadership of Likud. He subsequently formed his own party, New Hope, and became Minister of Justice (2021–2022) and Deputy Prime Minister (2021) in the Bennett-Lapid government. In 2022, Sa'ar formed an electoral pact with Benny Gantz's Blue and White faction named National Unity. As a member of the National Unity alliance, he returned to the opposition following the 2022 election.

Following the breakout of the Gaza war, National Unity joined the governing coalition and Sa'ar was named minister without portfolio and an observer in the war cabinet. In March 2024 Sa'ar withdrew New Hope from National Unity and from the coalition, and resigned as minister, before returning to the government in September 2024. In November 2024 Sa'ar replaced Israel Katz as Foreign Minister. He resigned from the Knesset in July 2025.

Biography

Gideon Moshe Serchensky (later Sa'ar) was born in Tel Aviv.<ref name=":0" /> He has two siblings, a brother and a sister. His father was a doctor, while his mother was a teacher.

Sa'ar's mother Bruriah was born in Israel to a seventh-generation Bukharian Jewish family, whose ancestors arrived during the Ottoman Empire.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> His father Shmuel Serchensky (Заречанский in Cyrillic<ref name="Sa'arPost">Template:Cite web</ref>) was born in Argentina in an Ashkenazi family with roots in Moldova<ref name="Sa'arPost"/> and Ukraine.<ref name="UkraineInIsrael">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Khromov">Template:Cite web</ref> Shmuel Serchensky immigrated to Israel from Argentina in the 1960s.<ref name="LiberalSa'ar">Template:Cite web</ref>

Sa'ar grew up primarily in Tel Aviv, but as a child, he lived for a number of years in Mitzpe Ramon, where his father worked as a pediatrician, and in kibbutz Sde Boker, where he was the kibbutz doctor. At the time, Sde Boker was the residence of Israel's founding prime minister, David Ben-Gurion. His father was frequently in contact with Ben-Gurion as the kibbutz doctor, and the young Gideon Sa'ar met Ben-Gurion numerous times when accompanying his father on visits to his home, during which Ben-Gurion gave him geography quizzes.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Sa'ar attended Tichon Hadash high school in Tel Aviv.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> After serving in the Israel Defense Forces as an intelligence NCO in the Golani Brigade, Sa'ar studied political science at Tel Aviv University and then went on to study law at the same institution.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In May 2013 Sa'ar married Israeli news anchor Geula Even, with whom he has two children, David and Shira. Geula was born to Lithuanian-Jewish immigrants from the Soviet Union. Sa'ar has another two children, Alona and Daniela, from his first wife Shelly, as well as one grandchild.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Political career

Sa'ar worked as an aide to the Attorney General between 1995 and 1997, and then as an aide to the State Attorney until 1998.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Sa'ar was appointed cabinet Secretary in 1999 and again from 2001 to 2002 after Likud's Ariel Sharon won a special election for Prime Minister. In the 2003 elections he won a seat in the Knesset on Likud's list, and was appointed Likud Parliamentary Group Chairman as well as Chairman of the Coalition. He was opposed to Israel's unilateral disengagement plan, and attempted to pass a bill demanding a referendum on the subject.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

After retaining his seat in the 2006 elections he was reappointed Group Chairman and also became a deputy Knesset speaker. While in the Knesset, Sa'ar proposed bills to jail employers who fire pregnant women,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> (he chaired the Knesset Committee on the Status of Women) and to ban cosmetics testing on animals.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In December 2008, Sa'ar won the Likud primaries for its list going into the 2009 elections, giving him second place on the Likud list after leader Benjamin Netanyahu.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He retained his seat, and was appointed Minister of Education on 31 March.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In September 2014, Sa'ar announced that he would be resigning his post before the next election; with rumors of alleged sexual harassments background for his sudden resignation.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He said he would still remain a member of the Likud.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 17 September, he took a hiatus from politics.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He left the Knesset on 5 November, and was replaced by Leon Litinetsky. On 3 April 2017 Sa'ar announced his return to politics and intention to run in the next Likud primaries. He was seen as a potential candidate for party leadership and eventually prime minister.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In September 2017, The Jerusalem Post ranked him 5th on its "50 most influential Jews" list, calling him the "heir apparent to the Likud throne".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In September 2018, he was ranked 25th along with fellow Likud members Yisrael Katz and Gilad Erdan.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Likud leadership run

Template:See alsoIn October 2019, amid coalition talks, Prime Minister Netanyahu indicated he was considering holding a snap election for party leadership. In a terse tweet, Sa'ar responded "I'm ready."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> After Netanyahu decided against holding a leadership election, Sa'ar confirmed he would run in the next election and would support Netanyahu until then.<ref name="Tenor">Template:Cite web</ref> On 24 November 2019, Sa'ar asked the Likud Central Committee to schedule a party leadership race within two weeks, allowing the winner to try to form a coalition government before the Knesset would be dissolved which would trigger new Knesset elections, the third in a year.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> After the Knesset was dissolved and elections set for 2 March 2020, leadership elections were set for 26 December 2019. Sa'ar received the endorsement of a few Likud Members of Knesset, including Haim Katz, the powerful head of the Likud central committee.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Netanyahu was endorsed by Minister of Public Security Gilad Erdan while Knesset speaker Yuli Edelstein declined to endorse either candidate.<ref name="prepare" />

During the campaign, Netanyahu's campaign slammed Sa'ar on Twitter saying he "has aligned with the Left and the media in order to remove the prime minister from the leadership of the state".<ref name="prepare">Template:Cite web</ref> At a conference the week before, Sa'ar had spoken against the "two state illusion" and criticized Netanyahu for offering territorial concessions to Palestinian Arabs despite their typical disinterest in peace talks, saying, "Around the world, the words ”'two-state solution'” remain a kind of certificate of acceptance. I have to tell you this is not a helpful position."<ref name="illusion">Template:Cite web</ref> As widely expected, Netanyahu won handily with 72.5% to Sa'ar's 27.5%.<ref name="quash">Template:Cite web</ref>

New Hope

In December 2020, Sa'ar announced that he would leave Likud and will form his own party, called New Hope.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He submitted his Knesset resignation on 9 December, which went into effect on 11 December.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The party contested the 2021 Israeli legislative election, with the intent of forming a governing coalition, and removing Netanyahu from office.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He regained his seat in the Knesset, as New Hope gained six seats at the elections.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Following the election, Sa'ar became Minister of Justice in the 36th Israeli Gov't.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

On 10 July 2022, Sa'ar announced that New Hope would form an electoral alliance with Benny Gantz's Blue and White, to be named National Unity. Sa'ar was second on the list.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> National Unity contested the 2022 Israeli legislative election, where it placed fourth with 12 seats and did not join the thirty-seventh government. Following the outbreak of the Gaza war, Sa'ar was one of five members of National Unity to join the emergency war government. Sa'ar was sworn in as a minister without portfolio on 12 October 2023.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

On 12 March 2024, Sa'ar announced that New Hope would leave the National Unity alliance.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 16 March, Sa'ar threatened to withdraw New Hope from the coalition if Prime Minister Netanyahu did not appoint him to the war cabinet;<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Netanyahu did not do so; nine days later, Sa'ar and the rest of New Hope left the government.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 29 September, Sa'ar rejoined the Netanyahu cabinet as a minister without portfolio following a request from Netanyahu, with Sa'ar saying that his decision to return was "the patriotic and right thing to do now".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 5 November 2024, it was announced that Sa'ar would replace Israel Katz as Foreign Minister.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In March 2025, New Hope and the Likud announced an agreement to merge parties, returning Sa'ar to the Likud.<ref name="Haaretz-Likud-Merger">Template:Cite web</ref> After the merger was approved by the Likud's central committee, it was reported that Sa'ar and New Hope would receive reserved slots in the Likud's electoral slate for the upcoming election.<ref name="TOI-Likud-Merger">Template:Cite web</ref>

Sa'ar submitted his Knesset resignation on 8 July 2025 and was expected to be replaced by Akram Hasson,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> which took place on 10 July.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Foreign minister

On 13 February 2025 Sa'ar spoke with New Zealand Foreign Minister Winston Peters by phone about the ongoing ceasefire between Israel and Hamas and the need for its full implementation including the release of all hostages and the resumption of humanitarian aid to the Palestinians. Sa'ar also thanked New Zealand for designating Hamas and the Houthis as terrorist organisations, and extended an invitiation for Peters to visit Israel.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On 24 February 2025, he met with the European Union's top diplomat, Kaja Kallas, in Brussels for the first formal talks between Israel and the EU since the Gaza war.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

On 15 April 2025, Sa'ar met with UK Foreign Secretary David Lammy in London. The visit to London was not publicized and the meeting with Lammy was described as private. The British Foreign Office said that Lammy and Sa'ar discussed "the ongoing hostage negotiations, protection of aid workers, the need to end the humanitarian blockade of Gaza and stop settlement expansion in the West Bank, and the Iranian nuclear issue".<ref name="Borger0416">Template:Cite web</ref> His visit was met with outrage by critics of Israel in the UK. British MP Zarah Sultana called his visit "a direct affront to both international law and the Palestinian people enduring genocide, military occupation and apartheid under his government".<ref name="Borger0416"/> The Hind Rajab Foundation and International Centre of Justice for Palestinians wrote to the UK attorney general to apply for an arrest warrant for Sa'ar. The request claimed that Sa'ar was responsible for the attack on Kamal Adwan hospital and the detention and torture of Hussam Abu Safiya.<ref name="Borger0416"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The British attorney general rejected the request for an arrest warrant.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The National reported that Sa'ar had planned to leave the UK early to avoid a potential arrest, but Lammy had privately assured him that the government would protect him from prosecution.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Prime Minister Keir Starmer denied that he had been involved in the decision to deny the arrest warrant.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

On 15 July 2025, the EU's top diplomat Kaja Kallas and the foreign ministers of the EU member states agreed not to take any action against Israel over alleged Israeli war crimes in the Gaza war and settler violence in the West Bank.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The proposed sanctions against Israel included suspending the EU-Israel Association Agreement, suspending visa-free travel, or blocking imports from Israeli settlements.<ref name="euronews-sanctions">Template:Cite news</ref> Sa'ar welcomed the decision, saying that Israel had achieved "an important diplomatic feat by managing to push back the obsessive attempts by several European Union countries to impose sanctions on Israel."<ref name="euronews-sanctions"/>

Personal awards

In 2004, Saar was awarded the Italian honor of Ufficiale.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2009, he was awarded the OMC badge, for "being a politician who has not been blemished to this day" and for his action to strengthen the rule of law and his firm stand against political appointments.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2011, he was awarded an honorary degree by the President of Italy - Commendatore (Trustee) by the Italian Ambassador to Israel, Luigi Mattiolo, in recognition of his contribution to strengthening the relationship between Italy and Israel.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 17 April 2012, Sa'ar received the Orden del Mérito Civil, a first class honor awarded by the King of Spain, Juan Carlos I, for his contribution to Israel–Spain relations.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Views and opinions

Sa'ar has stated that he is opposed to a two-state solution,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> arguing "There is no two-state solution; there is at most a two-state slogan",<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and that it would be "a mistake to return to the idea of establishing a Palestinian state in Judea, Samaria and Gaza as a solution to the conflict."<ref name="Azulay 2017">Template:Cite news</ref> He has expressed support for a long-term solution involving Jordan.<ref name="Times18">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Saar 2018">Template:Cite web</ref> Similar to Netanyahu and Yisrael Katz, he supported an autonomous Palestinian entity with Jordanian and Egyptian affiliation.<ref name=ST>Template:Cite news</ref> In 2020, he declared: "Between the Jordan River and the sea there won't be another independent [Palestinian] state."<ref name="SalesForward">Template:Cite news</ref>

As a teenager, Saar joined the ultranationalist Tehiya Movement protesting the 1982 evacuation of Israeli settlements in the Sinai Peninsula as per the Egypt–Israel peace treaty.<ref name=ST/> On 14 October 2023, in an interview with Israel's Channel 12 News, Sa'ar said that the Gaza Strip "must be smaller at the end" of the Gaza war, stating: "Whoever starts a war against Israel must lose territory."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> During the Gaza war, he also stated that he would insist that the war not be stopped until Hamas is defeated, and said that after the war the PA would not be able to control the Gaza Strip.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

As he started working as foreign minister, Sa'ar stated "Israel should look to Kurds, Druze and other minorities in neighbouring countries, in addition to Saudi Arabia, for support". At his ministerial exchange and inauguration ceremony on Sunday, Sa'ar described Kurds as "our natural ally" and as "a great nation, one of the great nations without political independence". He further said that Kurds are "a national minority in four different countries, in two of which it enjoys autonomy: de facto in Syria and de jure in the Iraqi constitution", that they are "a victim of oppression and aggression from Iran and Turkey", and that Israel needed to strengthen ties to them, concluding: "This has both political and security aspects."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Commons category

Biography Template:Webarchive at New Hope website.
Template:MKlink
Template:Twitter
Template:Instagram

Template:IsraelForeignMin Template:Israeli Ministers of Justice Template:Israeli Ministers of Interior Template:IsraelEduMin Template:Authority control

Gideon Sa'ar

Contents

Biography