Gina Lollobrigida
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Luigia "Gina" LollobrigidaTemplate:Efn Template:Small<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> (4 July 1927 – 16 January 2023) was an Italian actress, model, photojournalist, and sculptor. She was one of the highest-profile European actresses of the 1950s and 1960s, a period in which she was an international sex symbol. Dubbed "the most beautiful woman in the world",<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> at the time of her death she was among the last surviving high-profile international actors from the Golden Age of Hollywood cinema.
As her film career slowed, Lollobrigida established a second career as a photojournalist. In the 1970s she achieved a scoop by gaining access to Fidel Castro for an exclusive interview.
Lollobrigida continued as an active supporter of Italian and Italian-American causes, particularly the National Italian American Foundation (NIAF). In 2008 she received the NIAF Lifetime Achievement Award at the Foundation's Anniversary Gala.<ref name="NIAF">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="lifetime">Template:Cite news</ref> In 2013, she sold her jewellery collection and donated the nearly US$5 million from the sale to benefit stem-cell therapy research.<ref name=Forbes>Template:Cite news</ref> She won the Henrietta Award at the 18th Golden Globe Awards.
Youth
Luigia Lollobrigida was born in Subiaco, Lazio, about Template:Convert from Rome, the daughter of a furniture maker and his wife.<ref name=brit>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> She had three sisters: Giuliana, Maria and Fernanda. After the end of World War II in 1945, the family moved to Rome, where Lollobrigida took singing lessons, did some modelling, and participated in several beauty contests, placing third in the 1947 Miss Italy contest.
Acting career
In 1945 at age 18, Lollobrigida played a part in the comedy Na Santarella by Eduardo Scarpetta at the Teatro della Concordia of Monte Castello di Vibio,<ref name="auto3">Template:Cite news</ref> the smallest theatre all'italiana in the world.<ref>"Storie, vicende e protagonisti" Template:Webarchive. [Stories, events and protagonists]. . History of the Teatro della Concordia. 2020.</ref>
Film
In 1946, she began appearing in Italian films in minor roles.<ref name="auto3" /> In 1950, Howard Hughes signed Lollobrigida on a preliminary seven-year contract to make three pictures a year. She refused the final terms of the contract, preferring to remain in Europe, and Hughes suspended her.<ref name=Hughes/> Despite selling RKO Pictures in 1955, Hughes retained Lollobrigida's contract. The dispute prevented her from working in American movies filmed in the U.S. until 1959, but allowed for American productions shot in Europe, although Hughes often threatened legal action against the producers.<ref name=Hughes>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
Her performance in the Italian romantic comedy Bread, Love and Dreams (Pane, amore e fantasia, 1953) led to its becoming a box-office success<ref name=Hughes/> and her receiving a BAFTA nomination. Furthermore, she won a Nastro d'Argento award from the Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists for her role in the picture. Lollobrigida appeared in The Wayward Wife (1953) and in Woman of Rome (1954). These were three of her most renowned Italian films, but she worked also in the French industry on such films as Fearless Little Soldier (Fanfan la Tulipe, 1952), Beauties of the Night (Les Belles de nuit, 1952), and Flesh and the Woman (Le Grand Jeu, 1954).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="auto1"/>
Her first widely seen English-language film, Beat the Devil (1953), was shot in Italy, and directed by John Huston.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In this film she played the wife of Humphrey Bogart, with Jennifer Jones and Robert Morley as her costars. She then took part in the Italian-American production Crossed Swords (1954), co-starring with Errol Flynn. Her performance in The World's Most Beautiful Woman (also known as Beautiful But Dangerous, 1955) led to her receiving the first David di Donatello Award for Best Actress.<ref name="auto3" /> In this movie Lollobrigida played Italian soprano Lina Cavalieri and sang all the songs in the movie, including arias from Tosca, in her own voice.<ref>According to the movie's credits, "Tutte le canzioni del film e le arie della Tosca sono state cantate da Gina Lollobrigida" ("All the songs in the film and the arias from Tosca were sung by Gina Lollobrigida")</ref> She played the principal female lead in the circus drama Trapeze (1956)<ref name="brit" /> directed by Carol Reed and co-starring with Burt Lancaster and Tony Curtis and in The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1956) appeared as Esmeralda with Anthony Quinn as Quasimodo.<ref name="brit" /> The film was directed by Jean Delannoy.<ref name="auto3"/>
She appeared in the French movie The Law (1959), alongside Yves Montand and Marcello Mastroianni; then, she co-starred with Frank Sinatra in Never So Few (1959) and with Yul Brynner in Solomon and Sheba (1959).<ref name=brit/>
In the romantic comedy Come September (1961), Lollobrigida had a leading role along with Rock Hudson, Sandra Dee, and Bobby Darin. It was a film for which she won a Golden Globe Award. She appeared, also in 1961, with Ernest Borgnine and Anthony Franciosa in the drama Go Naked in the World.<ref name="auto1">Template:Cite news</ref>
She attended the 1961 Academy Awards ceremony, hosted by Bob Hope, delivering the Academy Award for Best Director to Billy Wilder for the film The Apartment.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Jean Delannoy then directed her again, this time in Venere Imperiale (1962). She co-starred with Stephen Boyd and again received the Nastro d'Argento and David di Donatello awards. She co-starred with Sean Connery in the thriller Woman of Straw (1964), with Rock Hudson again in Strange Bedfellows (1965), and appeared with Alec Guinness in Hotel Paradiso (1966).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Lollobrigida starred in Buona Sera, Mrs. Campbell (1968) with Shelley Winters, Phil Silvers, Peter Lawford, and Telly Savalas.<ref name="auto2">Template:Cite news</ref> For this role, she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and won a third David di Donatello award. Lollobrigida co-starred with Bob Hope in the comedy The Private Navy of Sgt. O'Farrell (1968) and also accompanied Hope on his visits to military troops overseas.<ref name="auto2"/>
During this stage of her career, she rejected roles in many films, including Lady L (1965), directed by George Cukor, due to conflicts with Cukor (the leading role then went to Sophia Loren);<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Five Branded Women (1960), directed by Martin Ritt (the leading role went to Silvana Mangano);<ref name="AFI">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> and The Lady Without Camelias (1953), directed by Michelangelo Antonioni (the leading role went to Lucia Bosè).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She later revealed regret for having refused a supporting role in La Dolce Vita (1960). The film's director, Federico Fellini, wanted to cast her in the film but, she explained, proposed projects were arriving too often at the time and her husband accidentally misplaced the script.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
By the 1970s, her film career had slowed down, and she began focusing on photography.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She appeared in King, Queen, Knave (1972), co-starring with David Niven.<ref name="AFI-KQK1979">Template:Cite web</ref> In 1973, she was a member of the jury at the 8th Moscow International Film Festival.<ref name="Moscow1973">Template:Cite web</ref>
Television
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In the mid-1980s, she guest starred in a multi-episode arc on the television series Falcon Crest as Francesca Gioberti, a role originally written for Sophia Loren, who had turned it down. For the role, she received a third Golden Globe nomination.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She also had a supporting role in the 1985 television miniseries Deceptions, co-starring with Stefanie Powers.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The following year, she appeared as a guest star in the TV series The Love Boat.<ref name="The Love Boat">Template:Cite web Season 9, special, 25 December 1986.</ref>
Judging
In 1986, she was invited to head the jury at the 36th Berlin International Film Festival, which awarded the Golden Bear to Reinhard Hauff's film Stammheim. She said the majority decision was "prefabricated", and opposed it.<ref name="Berlinale 1986">Template:Cite web</ref> In 1997 she was in the jury at Film Fest Gent and similarly distanced herself from the Grand Prix winner The Witman Boys, which she deemed 'immoral'.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Photojournalism
By the end of the 1970s, Lollobrigida had embarked on what she developed into a successful second career as a photographic journalist. She photographed, among others, Paul Newman, Salvador Dalí, Henry Kissinger, David Cassidy, Audrey Hepburn, Ella Fitzgerald, and the Germany national football team. In 1974 she obtained an exclusive interview with Fidel Castro.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Between 1972 and 1994 she published six collections of her photographs, including the 1973 title Italia Mia.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Politics
In 1999, Lollobrigida unsuccessfully ran for election to the European Parliament as a candidate for The Democrats, a party led by Romano Prodi.<ref name=Giuffrida>Template:Cite news</ref> In 2020, she publicly endorsed Pope Francis' view on LGBT rights.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In the 2022 Italian general election, Lollobrigida, at the age of 95, attempted to win a seat in the Senate of the Republic,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> by standing for election as candidate for the Sovereign and Popular Italy (ISP), a newly founded Eurosceptic alliance opposed to Mario Draghi, in Latina, Lazio.<ref name=Giuffrida/><ref name=ANSA26>Template:Cite news</ref> She was unsuccessful, as the party garnered only 1% of the constituency vote, below the 3% electoral threshold.<ref name=ANSA26/> In an interview with Corriere della Sera prior to the election, Lollobrigida said she was inspired by Mahatma Gandhi's "way of doing things". She stated she was close to Indira Gandhi.<ref name=Giuffrida/>
Personal life
In 1949 Lollobrigida married a Slovenian physician, Milko Škofič. Their only child, Andrea Milko (Milko Škofič Jr.), was born on 28 July 1957.<ref name=Canales>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> Škofič gave up the practice of medicine to become her manager.<ref>Gina Lollobrigida, "Four ways out". Template:Web archive. National Telefilm Associates. via New York University.</ref> In 1960, Lollobrigida moved from her native Italy to Toronto, with Škofič and their son.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> The couple meant to solve the legal situation of their son who was considered stateless by the Italian bureaucracy.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The couple divorced in 1971.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
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In October 2006, at age 79, she announced to Spain's ¡Hola! magazine her engagement to a 45-year-old Spanish businessman, Javier Rigau y Rafols<ref>Anita Gates. "Gina Lollobrigida, Movie Star and Sex Symbol, Is Dead at 95." The New York Times. 16 January 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023. (Archived)</ref><ref name="Kington"/><ref name="Pirro"/> (Template:Langx).<ref name=ElNacional>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=AraBalears>Template:Cite news</ref> They had met at a party in Monte Carlo in 1984 and had since become companions.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6069940.stm "Lollobrigida to marry younger man". Template:Web archive. BBC News. 20 October 2006.</ref> The engagement was called off on 6 December 2006, reportedly because of the strain of intense media interest.<ref>"La Lollo's wedding called off". Template:Webarchive. News 24. 7 December 2006.</ref>
In 2006 Lollobrigida and Rigau signed a prenuptial agreement and married in Spain.<ref name="Kington" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In January 2013, she started legal action against Rigau, claiming that her ex-boyfriend had staged a secret ceremony in which he "married" an imposter pretending to be her at a registry office in Barcelona. She said he intended to lay claim to her estate after her death. Lollobrigida accused Rigau of fraud, saying that he had earlier obtained the legal right to act on her behalf with a power of attorney, and carried out the plot to get extra power. "A while ago he convinced me to give him my power of attorney. He needed it for some legal affairs. But instead, I fear that he took advantage of the fact that I don't understand Spanish ... Who knows what he had me sign."<ref name="telegraph.co.uk">Squires, Nick (29 January 2013). "'Most beautiful woman in the world' Gina Lollobrigida in bizarre fake marriage plot". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 26 July 2013.</ref> In March 2017, she lost her court action, but subsequently said that she would appeal.<ref name="Kington" /><ref>Squires, Nick (24 March 2017). "Italian film diva Gina Lollobrigida loses court battle in bizarre 'fake marriage' case". Template:Webarchive. The Daily Telegraph. London.</ref>
Lollobrigida had a habit of referring to herself in the third person.<ref>Pearson, Howard (7 February 1958). "Murrow to visit Gina Tonight: Producer Opposes Film on TV". Template:Web archive. Deseret News. Salt Lake City. "Miss Lollobrigida and her husband, Dr. Milko Skofic, arrived in this country only this week for a brief stay. The Italian actress will be only the second person on Murrow's show to speak of herself in the third person."</ref><ref name=Canales2>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Hyams, Joe (29 July 1956). "A simple country girl". Template:Web archive. The Boston Globe. "I found that in addition to having a ready sense of humor, Gina always speaks and thinks of herself in the third person because there are two Gina Lollobrigidas: the actress and the woman."</ref><ref>Rau, Herb (11 September 1955). "Everybody Picks on Lollobrigida". Template:Web archive. The Miami News. "Off-stage, Gina's very natural, very human, and departs from this pattern only to speak about herself in the third person."</ref>
Lollobrigida retired from filming in 1997. She told PARADE in April 2000: "I studied painting and sculpting at school and became an actress by mistake ... I've had many lovers and still have romances. I am very spoiled. All my life, I've had too many admirers." After retirement she divided her time between her house on Via Appia Antica in Rome and a villa in Monte Carlo. After 2009, she refused visitors to her home.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk"/>
In 2013, Lollobrigida sold her jewelry collection through Sotheby's. She donated nearly $5 million to benefit stem-cell therapy.<ref name=Forbes/>
In 2019, the Roman Rota, with the consent of Pope Francis, issued a declaration of nullity for her marriage with Rigau after a two-year review.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
At the end of the 2010s, Andrea Piazzolla became Lollobrigida's main collaborator,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> general director and trustee of some Monegasque real estate and financial societies. In July 2020 he was charged for circumvention of an incapable person.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 2021, the Italian Supreme Court of Cassation, at the request of her son, ruled that Lollobrigida should have a legal guardian appointed to manage her affairs and prevent predation. Although the court determined she was mentally capable, medical evidence had indicated that there was "a weakening in her correct perception of reality" and that she was in a state of "vulnerability".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Lollobrigida died at a clinic in Rome on 16 January 2023, at the age of 95. She is buried in her birthplace, Subiaco, Lazio.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The lawyer and politician, and current Minister of Agriculture of Italy, Francesco Lollobrigida, is her great-nephew.<ref name=tag24>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 2022, sports media noted that Olympic speed skating silver medalist Francesca Lollobrigida is her great-niece, though the two had never met.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In November 2023, Andrea Piazzolla was convicted of embezzling Lollobrigida's millions.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Awards and nominations
Lollobrigida won three David di Donatello, two Nastro d'Argento, and six Bambi awards. She was nominated three times for the Golden Globe and won once in 1961 as World Film Favorite– Female.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She was nominated once for a BAFTA award.
In 1985, she was nominated as an officer of France's Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by Jack Lang, for her achievements in photography and sculpture.
In 1987 she was appointed a Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Lollobrigida was awarded the Légion d'honneur by François Mitterrand.<ref name="css">Template:Cite book</ref>
On 16 October 1999, Lollobrigida was nominated as a Goodwill Ambassador of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
On 1 February 2018, Lollobrigida received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Books
- Italia mia (1973) – a collection of photographs across Italy<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- The Philippines (1976) – a collection of photographs across the Philippines<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Wonder of Innocence (1994) – a book of photographs<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Sculptures (2003)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Gina Lollobrigida Photographer (2009) – a book of her photography
- Gina Lollobrigida "Vissi D'Arte" (2008) – a book of her sculptures and some of her drawings and paintings
Filmography
- Sources:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Film
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Television
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1958 | Portrait of Gina (documentary) | Lost from 1958 until 1986, when it turned up in a storage unit of the Ritz Hotel, Paris, where director Orson Welles had left the only copy. Upon rediscovery, it was screened once at the 1986 Venice Film Festival, and once on German television, before Lollobrigida (who had seen the Venice screening) took legal action to have it banned, due to its unflattering portrayal of her as an ambitious young star.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> | |
| 1969 | Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In | Herself | (2 episodes) |
| 1972 | The Adventures of Pinocchio | The Fairy with Turquoise Hair | |
| 1984 | Falcon Crest | Francesca Gioberti | 5 episodes Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film |
| 1985 | Deceptions | Princess Alessandra | Mini-series |
| 1986 | The Love Boat | Carla Lucci | Season 9, "The Christmas Cruise"<ref name="The Love Boat"/> |
| 1988 | Woman of Rome | Adriana's mother | 3 episodes, television remake |
| 1996 | Una donna in fuga | Eleonora Riboldi | TV movie |
Notes
References
External links
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- Obituary at The Guardian, by John Francis Lane, 16 January 2023
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