Quorn, South Australia

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Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use Australian English Template:For Template:Infobox Australian place Quorn is a small town and railhead in the Flinders Ranges region in the north of South Australia, Template:Convert northeast of Port Augusta. Situated on the traditional lands of the Nukunu people, the town now lies within the Flinders Ranges Council local government area. It is in the state electoral district of Stuart<ref name=Stuart/> and the federal Division of Grey.<ref name=AEC/> With its picturesque setting and heritage-listed buildings, the town is known for tourism and as a filming location, as well as being the terminus of the Pichi Richi Railway.

History

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File:Quorn-Railway-Station.JPG
Quorn railway station

Quorn lies on the traditional lands of the Nukunu people, close to the border with Barngarla lands to the north.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=prr>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=pithikawi>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1878, after the British colonisation of South Australia, the town was surveyed by Godfrey Walsh as part of the preparations for building the railway line from Port Augusta northwards. It was named by Mr J.H.B. Warner whose family lived in Quorn, Leicestershire, in England. At the time, he was employed as private secretary to the Governor of South Australia, Sir William Jervois.

The railway line from Port Augusta to Quorn opened in 1879 and was subsequently extended north to Government Gums (Farina) in 1882, Marree in 1884, Oodnadatta in 1890 and Alice Springs in 1929.<ref name=prr/> This railway line later became known as the Great Northern Railway and later the Central Australia Railway.<ref name=prr/>

In 1917, Quorn became the crossroads of any north–south (on the Central Australian Railway to Oodnadatta) or east–west travel in Australia, when the Trans-Australian Railway was completed between Port Augusta and Kalgoorlie. This made Quorn an important town, given that anyone travelling east–west or north–south in Australia would need to pass through Quorn. As a result, many fine buildings were built as the town expanded.

Quorn's role as a crossroads was lost when a standard-gauge railway connection was opened between Port Pirie Junction and Port Augusta in 1937, meaning east–west trains bypassed Quorn. However, during World War II, Quorn was a vital service point for trains heading north to Alice Springs, carrying over 1,000,000 troops heading to Darwin and on to Papua New Guinea. Train services through Quorn peaked at over 50 per day during and immediately after the period of World War II. Services during this time also included coal mined at Leigh Creek being moved to the newly-opened Playford A Power Station in Port Augusta.

During the 1950s a new standard gauge line was built that passed on the western side of The Dutchmans Stern, Mount Arden and Mount Eyre, from Stirling North to Brachina and then roughly following the original narrow gauge route through Leigh Creek and to Marree, thus bypassing Quorn. This bypass took away the last railway traffic through the Pichi Richi Pass, and the last major freight traffic through Quorn. The only services left operating through Quorn were freight between Peterborough and Hawker. As a result, Quorn's importance diminished and eventually in 1980s the railway was completely closed as the last freight was moved to road transport. One unusual aspect of the railway working from Peterborough to Quorn and then on to Hawker was the need for the engine to be turned and attached to the opposite end of the train when arriving at Quorn, as it was not a "through" station for the trip from Peterborough to Hawker.

In 1973, a group of railway enthusiasts assembled with the desire to preserve the unique bridges and stone work built in the previous century that formed the railway through the Pichi Richi Pass between Quorn and Stirling North. Thus the Pichi Richi Railway Preservation Society was formed. Although the intention was to just preserve the railway through the Pichi Richi Pass, they later acquired operable railway rollingstock and locomotives and today provide a tourist railway service through the Pichi Richi Pass from Quorn to Port Augusta.<ref>Babbage, J. Barrington, R. (1984). The History of Pichi Richi Railway. Quorn: Pichi Richi Railway Preservation Society</ref> There is at least one book by preservationists showing the line in its heyday.<ref>McNicol, Steve. Quorn Line Album. Railmac Publications. Template:ISBN.</ref>

Colebrook Home

Template:Main Colebrook Home was an institution for Australian Aboriginal children run by the United Aborigines Mission from 1924 to 1981, which was named Colebrook Home in 1927 when it moved to a place called Colebrook, just outside Quorn. It remained there until 1944, when it was moved to Eden Hills, just outside Adelaide. The Colebrook site at Quorn is now a small Aboriginal community.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Past residents of Colebrook Home include Doreen Kartinyeri,<ref name=bio>Template:Cite web</ref> Lowitja O'Donoghue,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Faith Thomas.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Tourism

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File:Quorn-the-Old-Mill.JPG
The Old Mill

A main attraction in Quorn is Flinders Gin Distillery and the Pichi Richi Railway. There are also self-guided walking tours in the town, including several based around the town's historic old buildings, the railway yards<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and other historic locations. There are a number of hotels, takeaways and cafés in town.

In mid 2020 The Flinders Ranges Council installed signage outside the historic buildings for historic and tourist information. The Flinders Ranges Visitor Information Centre / Pichi Richi Railway in the Quorn railway station has a museum, and provides visitor information including workshop tours, bookings for travel on the railway, accommodation information, heritage self-guided walking maps and souvenirs.

The Heysen Trail and the Mawson Trail, a pair of long-distance trails dedicated respectively to walking and cycling, pass through town and there are many bushwalks and four-wheel drive tracks.

Quorn is a stopover for many travellers coming from Adelaide to explore the Flinders Ranges. The tourist office is in the Quorn Railway Station provides free information, maps and trails to safely see the best sites in the Flinders, including Warren Gorge, Kanyaka Station, Proby's Grave and Itali Itali.

The grain silos in the Quorn railway yards are viewing area for a nightly film showing the local history or Quorn and surrounds and on display every evening after dark. This is an open-air and free event.

Quorn has also been the location for several popular films, including The Shiralee, Sunday Too Far Away, Gallipoli, Wolf Creek, The Sundowners, The Lighthorsemen and The Last Ride<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> starring Hugo Weaving. In 2014 Russell Crowe directed The Water Diviner, using the Pichi Richi Railway for the railway scenes.

Notable people

Heritage listings

Quorn has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

References

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