Taubaté
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}}Template:Main other{{#ifexpr:{{#invoke:ParameterCount|main|mapframe|image_map|image_map1|pushpin_map}} >2 |Template:Main other}} Taubaté is a medium-sized city in the state of São Paulo, in southeastern Brazil.
History
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Taubaté was part of the ancient Tupinambá Territory, along the Paraíba do Sul River. The Tupinambá Territory in the 16th century, stretched from the Juqueriquerê River on the shores of Caraguatatuba to the Cape of Saint Thomas (Cabo de São Tomé) in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The first village was created in 1640 being proclaimed as an autonomous locality on December 5, 1645, by a pioneer named Jacques Felix. It was the first location in the Vale do Paraíba region to obtain autonomy. The locality got its current city status in 1842, by which time it was a coffee production center. It hosted Taubaté's Agreement in 1906. In 1908 the city was made the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Taubaté. In 1900 it was the largest city in the interior of São Paulo.
The county name comes from the Guarani language and means high village (taba ybaté).
Geography
Location
Its strategic location between the two most important Brazilian cities (São Paulo Template:Convert away, and Rio de Janeiro Template:Convert away), connected to both by the Presidente Dutra Highway, between high, cold mountains and the Atlantic Ocean has helped the development of the city. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The population is 317,915 (2020 est.) in an area of Template:Convert.<ref name=ibge>Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística</ref> The city has become an industrial center, seating branches of several companies, including Volkswagen, Alstom, LG, Embraer, among many others.
A traditional city in São Paulo state, it played an important role in the historical and economic development of the country. In the gold cycle was radiating center of bandeirismo discovering gold in Minas Gerais, founding several cities. In the Second Empire, during the coffee boom of the Paraíba Valley, has emerged as the largest municipality in the state production area, hosting the Taubaté Convention in 1906.<ref>ABREU, Maria Morgado de. Taubaté: de núcleo irradiador de bandeirismo a centro industrial e universitário do Vale do Paraíba.,2.ª edição. Aparecida: Santuário, 1991.</ref>
The municipality contains part of the Template:Convert Mananciais do Rio Paraíba do Sul Environmental Protection Area, created in 1982 to protect the sources of the Paraíba do Sul river.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>
Climate
The climate is classified as a humid subtropical climate, under the Köppen climate classification with the average annual temperature around Template:Convert, with a maximum of Template:Convert and a minimum of Template:Convert, with average humidity of 60% and the annual rainfalls of Template:Convert, the extremes temperatures recorded on the city are Template:Convert and Template:Convert, there is also an unofficial record of Template:Convert.
Demographics
Male: 120,288; Female: 123,819; Urban: 229,810; Rural: 14,297; Total: 244,107 (Source: Censo 2000 - IBGE)
Education and literature
Taubaté is also a university city. The University of Taubaté, UNITAU, is a municipal institution of higher learning run by the state, but also by the private initiative. UNITAU is not free. It has schools of medicine, law, dentistry, engineering, and Business Management, and a Department of Architecture.
Monteiro Lobato, an important Portuguese-language writer of children's literature, was born in Taubaté. On 6 January 2010, the Chamber of Deputies granted Taubaté was granted the title of National Capital of Children's literature.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Amácio Mazzaropi, a pioneer in the movie industry, was born in the city to Italian immigrants.
Sports
Esporte Clube Taubaté is a football club based in the city. The main competition played by the club is the Campeonato Paulista Série A2, the second level of the São Paulo state professional football championship.
Quality of life
Taubaté has been ranked by the UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) the 21st out of 645 cities in the state in terms of quality of life (such as safety, public schools, medical and dental care, public transport, low air pollution, sewers and piped water reaching all houses).
Twin towns – sister cities
Taubaté is twinned with:
- Template:Flagicon Yonezawa, Japan
- Template:Flagicon Wolfsburg, Germany
- Template:Flagicon Tupungato Department, Argentina