Clio
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In Greek mythology, Clio (Template:Small Template:IPAc-en,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Template:Small Template:IPAc-en; Template:Langx), also spelled Kleio, Сleio, or Cleo,<ref name=Comp>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> is the muse of history,<ref name=Encyc/> or in a few mythological accounts, the muse of lyre-playing.<ref name=Morford>Template:Cite book</ref>
Etymology
Clio's name is derived from the Greek root κλέω/κλείω (meaning "to recount", "to make famous" or "to celebrate").<ref name="clioandthepoets">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="lsjkleiw">Template:LSJ</ref><ref name="lsjkleiw1">Template:LSJ</ref> The name's traditional Latinisation is Clio,<ref name="lewshortclio">Lewis and Short, A Latin Dictionary: Founded on Andrews' Edition of Freund's Latin Dictionary: Revised, Enlarged, and in Great Part Rewritten by Charlton T. Lewis, Ph.D. and Charles Short, LL.D. The Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1879, s.v.</ref> but some modern systems such as the American Library Association-Library of Congress system use K to represent the original Greek kappa, and ei to represent the diphthong ει (epsilon iota), thus Kleio.
Depiction
Clio, sometimes referred to as "the Proclaimer", is often represented with an open parchment scroll, a book, or a set of tablets.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She is also shown with the heroic trumpet and the clepsydra (water clock).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Cesare Ripa's Iconologia, an important source book for artists of the Baroque period, stated that Clio should be depicted with a crown of laurels, a trumpet and an open book.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Mythology
Like all the muses, Clio is a daughter of Zeus and the Titaness Mnemosyne, goddess of memory. Along with her sister Muses, she is considered to dwell at either Mount Helicon or Mount Parnassos.<ref name="Encyc">Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> Other common locations for the Muses are Pieria in Thessaly, near to Mount Olympus.<ref name="Morford" />
She had one son, Hyacinth, with one of several kings, in various mythsTemplate:Mdashwith Pierus or with king Oebalus of Sparta, or with king Amyclas,<ref>Apollodorus, 3.10.3</ref><ref>Pausanias, 3.1.3 & 3.19.4</ref> progenitor of the people of Amyclae, dwellers about Sparta. In a scholium to Euripides' Rhesus, she is also the mother of Hymenaeus and Rhesus.<ref>Brill's New Pauly, s.v. Cleio; Scholia on Euripides' Rhesus, 346.</ref> According to Apollodorus, Clio was made to fall in love with Pierus by Aphrodite, for Clio had derided her for her love affair with Adonis.<ref>Apollodorus, 1.3.3</ref> Other accounts credit her as the mother of Linus by Magnes, a poet who was buried at Argos, although Linus has a number of differing parents depending upon the account, including several accounts in which he is the son of Clio's sisters Urania or Calliope.<ref name="Graves">Template:Cite book</ref>
Legacy
In her capacity as "the proclaimer, glorifier and celebrator of history, great deeds and accomplishments"<ref name="GUIDE">Carder, Sheri: "Clio Awards" The Guide to United States popular culture, pages 180–181, Template:ISBN</ref> Clio is used in the name of various modern brands, including the Clio Awards for excellence in advertising.
The Cambridge University History Society is informally referred to as Clio; the Cleo of Alpha Chi society at Trinity College, Connecticut, is named after the muse. Likewise, the undergraduate student outreach group for the Penn Museum at the University of Pennsylvania is known as the Clio Society, and the first sorority founded at SUNY Geneseo, Phi Kappa Pi, began as the Alpha Clionian literary society. "Clio" also represents history in some coined words in academic usage: cliometrics, cliodynamics.
Clio Bay in Antarctica is named after the muse.
Gallery
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Statue of Clio by Albert Wolff in Berlin
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Clio, Muse of History by Johannes Moreelse
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Clio, the Muse of History (1632) by Artemisia Gentileschi.
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The Muse Clio (c. 1689) by Pierre Mignard
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The Muse Clio by Bernhard Rode
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Clio, Muse of History (1800) by Charles Meynier
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Car of History, a chariot clock depicting Clio, by Carlo Franzoni, 1819, in National Statuary Hall
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Sculpture of Clio by Alexander Stirling Calder on the tomb of historian Henry Charles Lea
See also
Notes
References
- Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Template:ISBN. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
- Brill’s New Pauly: Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World. Antiquity, Volume 3, Cat-Cyp, editors: Hubert Cancik, Helmuth Schneider, Brill, 2003. Template:ISBN. Online version at Brill.
- Pausanias, Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Template:ISBN. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
- Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. 3 vols. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
Further reading
- Bartelink, Dr. G. J. M. (1988). Prisma van de mythologie. Utrecht: Het Spectrum.
- van Aken, Dr. A. R. A. (1961). Elseviers Mythologische Encyclopedie. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
External links
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