List of ethnic enclaves in North American cities

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This is a list of ethnic enclaves in various countries of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds to the native population. An ethnic enclave in this context denotes an area primarily populated by a population with similar ethnic or racial background. This list also includes concentrations rather than enclaves, and historic examples which may no longer be an ethnic enclave.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Africa

African Americans

List of African-American neighborhoods - Thousands of African-American neighborhoods exist today. However, many of these communities are now less populated by African Americans than they were during the earlier, sometimes mid and late parts of the 20th century.

Angola

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Benin

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Cameroon

Cape Verde

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Congo (Brazzaville and DRC)

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Côte d'Ivoire

Ethiopia

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Eritrea

  • The San Francisco Bay Area is home to over a dozen thousand Eritreans in estimation, as with other Habesha peoples like Ethiopian Americans; Apple Valley Lane/Piner Road areas in Santa Rosa and Temescal Avenue in Oakland have plentiful populations.
  • Enclaves of Eritreans can be found in Seattle and Tacoma
  • Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles, also has some Eritrean population

Nigeria

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  • San Antonio has one of the largest Nigerian American communities.<ref name="auto1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Somalia

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Other or pan-African

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Asia (East, South and Southeast)

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  • Champaign, Illinois and Urbana, Illinois - largest Asian community in Central Illinois numbering around 23,000, County with 2nd highest Asian population by percentage in Illinois (11.9%),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Afghanistan

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  • Sacramento County, California - By far the largest Afghan immigrant population in the US, with 15,400 at last count.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Bangladesh

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Burma/Myanmar

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  • Milwaukee (likely home to the largest Rohingya population in the US)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Cambodia

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China

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Chinatown, San Francisco
Toronto's downtown Chinatown
  • Brossard, Quebec (has the largest Chinese population in Quebec).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Hmong

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India

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  • Edison, New Jersey – known as the first Little India in the USA.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Japan

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Korea

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  • Barrio Coreano (Guatemala City), also known as Avenida Seúl.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Laos

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Pakistan

Pakistani and other South Asian shops in Gerrard Street, Toronto.

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Philippines

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Sri Lanka

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  • Toronto (Malvern) (Toronto is home to the largest Tamil-speaking population outside South Asia).<ref name="canada">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Thailand

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Vietnam

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Little Saigon, Orange County, California

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European or Anglo origin

Australia

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Albania

  • Albanian Town, Chicago.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Basque

Basque shepherds migrated to Southeastern Oregon settling in the communities of Arock, Basque, Burns and Jordan Valley.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

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Belarus

Belgium

Bosnian

(People with origins from Bosnia and Herzegovina):

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Croatia

Eastern European Jewish

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|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Highest proportion of Jews of any county in the United States. Most are of the Satmar sect of Hasidism. In the town of Kiryas Joel, 95% of families spoke Yiddish at home.

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France

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Germany

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Georgia

Greece

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  • "Old Greek Town", Salt Lake City, Utah - the state has a Greek community, throughout the Salt Lake metropolitan area, and Ogden, UT.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Palm Desert, California – where they have an annual Greek festival near the local Greek Orthodox church.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Sinaloa, Mexico - this Mexican state has coastal Greek communities. The cities of Culiacan, Humaya, Tamazula and Yoreme have the largest Greek concentrations in Sinaloa where the cultivation of tomato brought them fortunes and the valley is known as "Valle de Grecia" or the "Greek Valley".<ref name="GAG" />
  • Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
  • West Los Angeles – historically, the Toy District in Downtown LA had Greeks.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> While less significant than it was in the early 20th century, the Byzantine-Latino Quarter section of Los Angeles has a Greek community that lives there, shops there, and holds an annual event there. There is also a Greek community in Long Beach and Orange County.

Ireland

  • Boston, Massachusetts (portions and many suburbs) – largest Irish city outside Ireland. Peak percentage nearing 50% in 1920 after 70 years of immigration.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Italy

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  • Little Italy in Erie, Pennsylvania has the largest Italian-American population in the city.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Luxembourg

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Malta

  • The Junction, Toronto, Ontario. Little Malta is in the western part of this Toronto neighbourhood.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Poland

Portugal

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Romania

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Russia

Scandinavia

Denmark

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Finland

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Iceland

  • Gimli, Manitoba, Canada – thought to be the largest Icelandic community outside Iceland.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Norway

7% of the population in Saskatoon in Canada is of Norwegian ancestry.

Sweden

  • Chicago, Illinois – At one point, Chicago had the largest Swedish population outside Sweden.

Serbia

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Slovenia

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United Kingdom

Cornwall

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Wales

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Middle East

  • Chicago – A section of city nicknamed "Little Iraq", Chicago has the largest Iraqi community in the USA. Little Arabia in the city's Northwest side, for example, has many Arab-Americans.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>Devon Avenue (Chicago) also has Arabs, Iranians and South Asians such as Pashtun Americans.

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  • Detroit (i.e. Southwest side) – over 300,000 Arab-Americans in its Metro area, another 300,000 throughout Michigan, the city and state is the largest Arab-American community in the USA. Dearborn is their cultural center in the region. Also in nearby Dearborn Heights.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Ottawa – Canada's capital city has one of the largest Arab/middle eastern populations in Canada. One in ten Arabs in Canada live in Ottawa.<ref name="Arab population">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Armenia

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Assyrians

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Kurds

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  • Nashville, Tennessee (cultural center) – around 20,000 in the city.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Palestinian

Iran

Yemen

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Latin America and Caribbean

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  • Miami-Dade County, Florida (Miami metro area has the largest Cuban population in the US with an estimate of 1 million Cuban-American residents with a large presence of Haitians, Jamaicans, Colombians, Brazilians, Nicaraguans, Puerto Ricans and Dominicans throughout the county)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Growing Mexican,(Central American) Salvadoran, (South American) Colombian and Ecuadorean population concentrated in the city's north west area.

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  • Boston, Massachusetts – also Dominican and Puerto Rican sections - esp the South end.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Guatemala

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El Salvador

Except Puerto Ricans (fourth as a nationality, second in ancestry among Hispanics and Latinos), Salvadorans are the second largest Hispanic/Latino ethnicity in the US, close to Dominicans who are third. Large Salvadoran communities developed in the late 20th–early 21st century period as a result of civil war, economic conditions, political turmoil and gang violence in the country, the country El Salvador is among the smallest in size in the Western Hemisphere. The largest Salvadoran population is in Central parts of Los Angeles<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and throughout California along with Central American groups like Guatemalans, Hondurans and Nicaraguans.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Recent census data shows that for the first time, there are more Salvadorans living on Long Island than Puerto Ricans, with Salvadorans now numbering nearly 100,000,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> representing nearly a quarter of all Hispanics in the region, making them the largest Latino group in Long Island (New York State).

Mexico

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Mural in Chicano Park, San Diego stating "All the way to the Bay"

Note: Since immigrants from Mexico have been the largest group for a long time and have spread throughout the country perhaps more than any other nationality in recent times, Mexican-American enclaves are far more numerous than this list would suggest.

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  • Downey, California – most affluent Mexican-American community.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Oakland,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Riverside, California – highest concentrations in the Eastside, Arlington, Casa Blanca, Northside, Arlanza, and Ramona neighborhoods.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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West Indies and Caribbean

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  • Louisville, Kentucky (Cuban – especially in Okolona (40219 with over 10%,) the 40213 zip code, and to a much lesser extent 40214)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Westchester, Florida (65.69% Cuban, highest Cuban population in the US)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Westside Simi Valley, California – some Puerto Rican, but more Mexican section of largely Anglo city.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Pacific Islands and Oceania

Including Native Hawaiians or Kanaka Maoli in the mainland US, esp the west coast states of CA, NV, OR and WA.

Samoa

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Tonga

Marshall Islands

Fiji

Micronesia

Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands (Chamorro and Carolinians)

Others

Jews (of many nationalities)

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  • Los Angeles (San Fernando Valley, etc.)
  • Lower East Side, Manhattan, New York City (historic) – NYC is world's largest Jewish community outside Israel (10–20% of Jewish faith or descent, or 1.1 million – 1.5 million observant Jews).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Native Americans

The highest concentration of urban Indians in the United States is believed to be in Anchorage, Alaska where over 10 percent of the population identify themselves in the census as having some Native ancestry, with 7.3 percent identifying that as their only ancestry. In the mainland USA, Indian Alley in downtown Los Angeles, California, may be the most dense Native American population of any major city.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The second highest concentration of urban Indians in the U.S. is Albuquerque, New Mexico where at least 5 percent of the population belong to recognized Native American tribes such as the Navajo, Apache and Pueblo (Keresan, Tiwa, Tewa, Towa, Zuni). Southeast Albuquerque has the largest Native American community in the city but Native communities can also be found on the Westside and Rio Rancho. Albuquerque also has a Cherokee diaspora community known as the Cherokee Southwest Township. A much larger percentage of the population possess some Native ancestry but identity as Hispanos, Mestizos or Genizaros. This population lives all over the Albuquerque metro area but is concentrated in the South Valley and Bernalillo.

Winnipeg, Manitoba has the largest indigenous population of any major city in Canada both in terms of percentage (12.2 percent) and total number. Other Canadian cities with significant First Nations populations include Prince George, British Columbia and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.

Smaller off-reservation cities and towns with significant Native American populations include:

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See also

References

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