List of monarchs by nickname
Template:Short description Template:Pp-pc This is a list of monarchs (and other royalty and nobility) sorted by nickname.
This list is divided into two parts:
- Cognomens: Also called cognomina. These are names which are appended before or after the person's name, like the epitheton necessarium, or Roman victory titles. Examples are "William the Conqueror" for William I of England, and "Frederick Barbarossa" for Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor.
- Sobriquets: Names which have become identified with a particular person, and are recognizable when used instead of the personal name. Some are used only in a particular context: for example, "Grandmother of Europe" for Queen Victoria is generally only used when referring to her family links throughout the royal families of Europe. On the other hand, in some cases the nickname supersedes the personal name, and the individual is referred to by this nickname even in scholarly works: for example, Roman emperor Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus is universally known by his nickname, Caligula.
Notes:
- Nicknames are listed in each section alphabetically, ignoring articles and prepositions.
- Non-English words are rendered in italics, and translated where possible.
- When the name and nickname are rendered in a non-English language, the nickname will be in boldface italics.
Cognomen
A swung dash, or tilde (~), is used to indicate where the personal name occurs in the nickname; thus "~ the Accursed", followed by entries about Sviatopolk, Alexander and Tekle Haymanot, means "Sviatopolk the Accursed", "Alexander the Accursed" and "Tekle Haymanot the Accursed".
A
- "~ the Abandoned": John I of Aragon (Template:Langx; also known as John the Hunter or John the Lover of Elegance)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- "~ the Absolutist/the Absolute-King: Miguel I of Portugal (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Accursed":
- Sviatopolk I of Kiev (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Iskander the Accursed (Middle Persian: Gizistag Aleksandar; more commonly known as Alexander the Great)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Tekle Haymanot I of Ethiopia (Template:Langx irgum tekle hāymānōt)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Adopted": Childebert of Austrasia (Template:Langx)<ref name="The Construction of Communities in the Early Middle Ages">Template:Cite book</ref>
- "~ (the) Ætheling":Template:Efn Edgar Ætheling of England (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite ODNB</ref>
- "~ the Affable": Charles VIII of France (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- "~ the African":
- Scipio the African (Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus).<ref>Polybius (2nd cent. BC), Histories, 16.23.5. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Paton, W.R. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press – via Lacus Curtius.</ref>
- Afonso V of Portugal ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}})<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Better source needed
- Alfonso XIII of Spain ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}})
- "~ the Aggressor": Indulf of Alba (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Alchemist": John, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ Albanian-slayer": Thomas of Epirus (Template:Langx, Template:Transliteration)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ All-fair": Eadwig of England<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Apostate": Julian, Roman Emperor (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- "~ the Arab": Philip I, Roman Emperor (Template:Langx)<ref>"Philippus Arabs" in Historia Augusta "The Three Gordians" ch. 29; "Marcus Iulius Philippus Arabs" in Sextus Aurelius Victor, Liber de Caesaribus ch. 28</ref>
- "~ the Artist-King": Ferdinand II of Portugal (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Asleep": Sebastian of Portugal (Template:Langx)Template:Citation needed
- "~ the Astrologer": Alfonso X of Castile (Template:Langx; more commonly known as Afonso the Wise)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- "~ the Avenger": Alfonso XI of Castile (Template:Langx; also known as Afonso the Just)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
B
- "~ the Bad":
- Alexander III of Wallachia (Romanian: Alexandru cel Rău)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Charles II of Navarre (Template:Langx)<ref>*Template:Cite journal</ref>
- Emund of Sweden (Template:Langx; more commonly known as Emund the Old)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Mihnea of Wallachia (Romanian: Mihnea cel Rău)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Ordoño IV of León (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Sigurd Magnusson, pretender of Norway (Template:Langx or {{#invoke:Lang|lang}})
- William I of Sicily (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#if: |
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- "~ the Bald":
- Charles II of France (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Baldwin II, Count of Flanders (Template:Langx; Template:Langx)<ref>John E. Morby, "The Sobriquets of Medieval European Princes", Canadian Journal of History, 13:1 (1978), p. 8.</ref>
- Idwal ab Anarawd of Gwynedd (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Radu II of Wallachia (Church Slavonic: Radu Praznaglava)Template:Citation needed
- Constantine III of Scotland (Middle Irish: Causantín in Maol)
- "~ Barbarossa":Template:Efn Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ Barefoot" or "~ Bareleg": Magnus III of Norway (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Citation</ref>
- "~ Barn-Lock": Magnus III of Sweden (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Bastard":
- Ebalus, Duke of Aquitaine (Template:Langx, Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Henry II of Castile (Template:Langx; more commonly known as Henry of Trastámara)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- John I of Portugal (Template:Langx; more commonly known John of Avis, John the Great, or John of Fond Memory)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- William I of England (Template:Langx; Template:Langx or {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}; more commonly known as William the Conqueror)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Battler": Alfonso I of Aragon (Template:Langx; also known as Alfonso the Warrior)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- "~ the Bavarian": Louis IV of Germany (Template:Langx)<ref name="Clauss2014">Template:Cite book</ref>
- "~ the Bear": Albert the Bear (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Bearded":
- Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- Berthold II, Duke of Carinthia (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Constans II, Byzantine Emperor (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Eberhard I, Duke of Württemberg (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Citation</ref>
- Egino IV, Count of Urach (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Geoffrey III of Anjou (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Henry I, Duke of Silesia (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ Beauclerk" or "~ Beauclerc" (French, "Good Clerk"): Henry I of England (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Beer Jug": John George I, Elector of Saxony (Template:Langx)<ref name="Gustavus Adolphus: Social Aspects of the Thirty Years' War. Two Lectures">Template:Cite book</ref>
- "~ the Beloved": Louis XV of France (Template:Langx)<ref>Joël Cornette, Histoire de la France : Absolutisme et lumières 1652-178320, Hachette Éducation, 2008, p. 121.</ref>
- "~ the Bewitched": Charles II of Spain (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- "~ the Bibliophile": Manuel II of Portugal (Template:Langx; more commonly known as Manuel the Patriot or Manuel the Unfortunate)Template:Citation needed
- "~ the Big Nest": Vsevolod III Yuriyevich of Vladimir (Template:Langx, Template:Transliteration)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Black Prince": Edward the Black Prince (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Black":
- Leszek II the Black (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Fulk III of Anjou (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Halfdan III of Vestfold (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (Template:Langx; also called the pious)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Blessed": Alexander I of Russia (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- "~ the Blind":
- Boleslaus III of Bohemia (Template:Langx; also known as Boleslaus the Red)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Béla II of Hungary (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Magnus IV of Norway (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Citation</ref>
- Stefan Branković (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Vasily II Vasiliyevich (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Bogdan III of Moldavia (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- John of Bohemia (Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Blind Earl": Edward de Courtenay, 3rd/11th Earl of Devon<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- "~ the Blond": Selim II of the Ottoman Empire (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ Bloodaxe": Eric I of Norway (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Bloodthirsty": Ismail of Morocco (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- "Bloody ~": Mary I of England<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Bloody": Nicholas II of Russia (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ Bluetooth": Harold I of Denmark (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Bold":
- Boleslaw II of Poland (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Charles of Burgundy (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- Philip II of France (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Philip III of France (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- "~ the Boneless": Ivar Ragnarsson (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Bookish" or "~ the Book-Lover": Coloman of Hungary (Template:Langx; more commonly known as Coloman the Learned)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- "~ the Boulonnais": Afonso III of Portugal (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- "~ the Brash": Olof of DenmarkTemplate:Citation needed
- "~ the Brave":
- Afonso IV of Portugal (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Boleslaw I of Poland (Template:Langx; also known as Boleslaw the Great)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Dan II of Wallachia (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- John III of Moldavia (Romanian: Ioan Vodă cel Viteaz; more commonly known as John the Terrible)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Michael of Wallachia, Transylvania and Moldavia (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Brilliant": George V of Georgia (Template:Lang-ka)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- "~ the Broad-shouldered": Haakon II of Norway (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ Broom-plant": Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou (Template:Langx; also known as Geoffrey the Fair)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- "~ the Brown": Donnchadh mac Flainn, High King of Ireland (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Bruce": Robert I of Scotland (Medieval Gaelic: {{#invoke:Lang|lang}})<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ Builder":
- David IV of Georgia (Template:Lang-ka)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Builder King": Leopold II of Belgium (Template:Langx, Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ Bulgar-Slayer": Basil II, Byzantine Emperor (Template:Langx, Template:Transliteration)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
C
- "~ Capet":Template:Efn Hugh Capet (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Cabbage": Ivaylo of Bulgaria (Template:Langx, Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Capacidónio":Template:Efn Peter III of Portugal (Template:Langx; also known as Peter the Builder)Template:Citation needed
- "~ the Cardinal-King": Henry, King of Portugal (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- "~ the Capuched": Sancho II of Portugal (Template:Langx; also known as Sancho the Hooded or Sancho the Pious)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Catholic":
- Alfonso I of Asturias (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Andrew I of Hungary (Template:Langx; more commonly known as Andrew the White)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Ferdinand II of Aragon (Template:Langx, Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Isabella I of Castile (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Peter II of Aragon (Template:Langx, Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Caulker": Michael V, Byzantine Emperor (Template:Langx, Michaíl Kalaphátis)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Ceremonious": Peter IV of Aragon (Template:Langx, Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- "~ the Chaste":
- Alfonso II of Aragon (Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Template:Langx; also known as Alfonso the Troubador)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Chief": Kenneth III of Scotland (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Child"
- Charles, King of Aquitaine (Template:Langx)
- Henry II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal (Template:Langx)
- Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse (Template:Langx)
- Otto I, Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg (Template:Langx)
- Louis III of East Francia (Template:Langx)
- Louis of Sicily (Template:Langx)
- Nicholas I, Lord of Rostock (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Clement": John VI of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Clubfoot": Sverker I of Sweden (Template:Langx)
- "~ Coal-Burner": Anund Jacob of Sweden (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Confessor": Edward the Confessor (of England), also known as Saint Edward
- "~ the Colonizer": John III of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Conqueror":
- Afonso I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (Template:Langx; Template:Langx)
- James I of Aragon (Template:Langx)
- John V, Duke of Brittany (Template:Langx)
- Mehmed II of The Ottoman Empire (Ottoman Turkish: Template:Transliteration)
- Nicholas I of Russia
- William I of England (Template:Langx; Template:Langx)
- Valdemar II of Denmark (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Constable Prince": John, Constable of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Constant": John, Elector of Saxony (Template:Langx)
- "~ Corvinus" (from Latin "like a raven"): Matthias Corvinus of Hungary (Template:Langx; Template:Langx)
- "~ the Courteous": William, Duke of Austria (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Crosseyed": Vasili Kosoi, Muscovian usurper (Template:Langx, Template:Transliteration)
- "~ Crouchback":
- Inge I of Norway (Template:Langx)
- Richard III of England (also known as Crookback)
- "~ the Cruel":
- "~ the Crusader":
- "~ the Curly" Bolesław IV the Curly (Template:Langx)
- "~ Curthose" (Middle English, "short stockings"): Robert II, Duke of Normandy (Template:Langx)
- "~ Curtmantle" (Middle English, "short cloak"): Henry II of England
D
- "~ the Damned"<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> or "~ the Accursed": Sviatopolk I of Kiev (Template:Langx, Template:Transliteration; Template:Langx, Template:Transliteration)
- "~ the Deacon": Bermudo I of Asturias (Template:Langx; Template:Langx)
- "~ the Debonaire": Louis I of France (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Deed-Doer": Edmund I of England
- "~ the Desired":
- Ferdinand VII of Spain
- Louis XVIII of France
- Sebastian of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Determined": Anthony I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Devil":
- "~ the Diplomat": Charles I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ Do-Nothing", "~ the Indolent" or "~ the Sluggard": Louis V of France (Template:Langx)
- "~ Dracul" (Romanian, "The Devil" or "The Dragon"): Vlad II of Wallachia (Template:Langx)
- "~ Dracula" (Romanian, "Son of the Devil" or "Son of the Dragon"): Vlad III of Wallachia
- "~ the Drunkard":
- Michael III, Byzantine Emperor (Template:Langx, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}})
- Selim II, Ottoman Emperor (Template:Langx)
- Wenceslaus, King of the Romans (Template:Langx; Template:Langx)
- "~ the Dung-Named": Constantine V, Byzantine Emperor (Template:Langx, Konstantínos E' Koprónymos)
E
- "Earth-Shaker ~": Inca Yupanqui (Quechua: Pachakutiq Inka Yupanki)
- "~ the Ecclesiastic" or "~ the Priest": Martin I of Aragon (Template:Langx; Spanish: "Martín el Eclesiástico" o "el Cura")
- "~ the Edifier": Peter III of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Educator": Maria II of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Elbow-High" or "The Ell-High": Władysław I of Poland (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Elder":
- Eadweard I of England (Template:Langx?)
- Martin I of Aragon
- Tarquin I (Latin: Tarquinius Senior)
- Mircea I of Wallachia (Template:Langx)
- Boso III of Turin
- "~ the Eloquent": Edward of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Emperor-King": Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
- "~ the Emperor-Sacristan": Joseph II of Austria
- "~ the Enabler": Peter III of Portugal
- "~ the Enemy-Son": Peter I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Enlightened": Charles III of Spain (Template:Langx)
- "~ Epiphanes" (Greek "the manifest"): several Hellenistic kings, including
- "~ Euergetes" (Greek "the benefactor"): several Hellenistic kings, including
- "~ Eupator" (Greek "of noble father"):
- "~ the Executioner": Mehmed I of the Ottoman Empire (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Exile":
F
- "~ the Fair":
- Charles IV of France (Template:Langx)
- Donald III of Scotland (Template:Langx)
- Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou (Template:Langx)
- Ivan II of Moscow (Template:Langx)
- Leopold II, Margrave of Austria (Template:Langx)
- Louis I of France (Template:Langx)
- Philip IV of France (Template:Langx)
- Philip I of Castile (Philip the Fair, Template:Langx, Template:Langx)
- "~ Fairhair": Harald I of Norway (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Fair Sun": Vladimir I of Kiev (Template:Langx)
- "Farmer ~": George III Great Britain
- "~ the Farmer": Denis of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ The Swift(?): Eystein Halfdansson of Romerike and Vestfold (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Fat":
- Afonso II of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- Charles III, Holy Roman Emperor (Template:Langx)
- Conan III, Duke of Brittany (Template:Langx)
- Henry I of Cyprus (Template:Langx)
- Henry I of Navarre (Template:Langx; Template:Langx)
- Louis VI of France (Template:Langx)
- Ptolemy VIII of Ptolemaic Egypt
- Sancho I of León
- "~ the Fearless": John the Fearless (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Frank": Alfonso III of Aragon (Template:Langx; Template:Langx; also known as Alfonso the Liberal or Alfonso the Free)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Fighter": Anthony I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ First-Crowned": Stefan of Raška (Template:Langx)
- "~ Fitzempress": Henry II of England
- "~ Flatnose": Ketil of Man (Template:Langx)
- "~ Forkbeard": Sweyn I of Denmark (Template:Langx or {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}; Template:Langx)
- "~ the Fortunate":
- "~ the Founder": Afonso I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Fowler": Henry I of Germany (Template:Langx or {{#invoke:Lang|lang}})
- "~ the Fratricide":
- "~ From Overseas": Louis IV of France (Template:Langx)
G
- "~ the Generous" or "~ the Liberal":
- "~ the Gentle":
- Rupert of Germany
- Frederick II, Elector of Saxony (Template:Langx)
- Harald III of Denmark (Template:Langx); see also "~ Hen" below
- "~ the German": Louis I of the East Franks (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Glorious":
- Athelstan of England (Old English: Æþelstan, ætniman)
- Elizabeth I of England (Gloriana)
- Leopold VI, Duke of Austria (Template:Langx)
- ""~the God-Given": Louis XIV (Template:Langx)
- "~ the God-Like One": Murad I, Ottoman Emperor (Template:Langx)
- "~ the God-Loving": Andrey I Bogolubsky (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Good":
- Alfonso IV of Aragon (Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Template:Langx)
- Alexandru of Moldavia (Template:Langx)
- Fulk II of Anjou (Template:Langx?)
- Hywel ap Cadell of Wales (Template:Langx)
- Haakon I of Norway (Template:Langx)
- John I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- John II of France (Template:Langx)
- Louis I of Holland (Template:Langx)
- Magnus I of Norway (Template:Langx)
- Philip III of Burgundy (Template:Langx)
- William II of Sicily (Template:Langx)
- "Good King ~":
- Edward III of England (Good King Edward)
- Henry IV of France (Bon Roi Henri)
- René of Two Sicilies (then deposed, remained duke of Anjou and count of Provence) (Template:Langx)
- Wenceslas I of Bohemia (Good King Wenceslas)
- "Good Queen ~": Elizabeth I of England (Good Queen Bess)
- "~ of Good Memory" or "~ the One with Good Memory": John I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Good Mother": Maria II of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Gouty":
- "~ the Great": see List of people known as The Great
- "the Great Elector": Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg (Template:Langx)
- "~ Greyfell" or "~ Greyhide": Harald II of Norway (Template:Langx)
- "~ Greymantle": Geoffrey I of Anjou (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Grim" or "~ the Brave" or "~ the Inexorable": Selim I of the Ottoman Empire (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Grocer-King" or "~ the Spices-King": Manuel I of Portugal (Template:Langx, Template:Langx and Template:Langx), a nickname given to him by Francis I of France with a double entendre, as the French word épicier refers to a grocer, and is derived from épice, "spice")
- "~ Gylle": (Old Norse, "Servant"): Harald IV of Norway
H
- "~ the Hairy": Wilfred I of Urgel
- "~ the Hammer":
- "~ The Hammer of the Scots": Edward I of England (see also Longshanks below).
- "~ the Handsome":
- "~ the Hardy": Canute III of Denmark (Template:Langx; Template:Langx)
- "~ Hardrada" (from Old Norse "Harðráði", "Stern Counsel"): Harald III of Norway
- "~ Harefoot": Harold I of England
- "~ the Hero of Two Worlds" (Template:Langx): Peter I of Brazil & IV of Portugal
- "~ the Hidden": Sebastian of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Holy":
- "~ the Holy Prince": Ferdinand of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Hopeful": Peter V of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Hunchback": Pippin the Hunchback
- "~ the Humane" or "~ the Humanist": Martin I of Aragon
- "~ Hunger": Olaf I of Denmark
- "~ the Hunter":
- "~ the Hunter-King":
I
- "~ the Idle": Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Ill-Tempered": Fulk IV of Anjou
- "~ the Illustrious":
- "~ the Impaler": Vlad III of Wallachia
- "~ the Impotent" Henry IV of Castile (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Inconstant" or "~ the Fickle": Ferdinand I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Indolent": Louis V of France
- "~ the Independentist": Anthony I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Invincible": Demetrius I of Bactria
- "~ the Iron":
- "~ Ironside":
J
- "~ the Just":
- Casimir II, Duke of Poland (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Ferdinand VI of Spain (Template:Langx)
- James II of Aragon (Template:Langx)
- Leopold III, Duke of Austria (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
K
- "~ the Kind":
- "~ the Kind-Hearted": Eric I of Denmark
- "~ the Khazar" (Gr. Chozar): Leo IV of the Byzantine Empire
L
- "~ Lackland":
- "~ the Lamb": Eric III of Denmark
- "~ the Lame":
- Timur (Persian: Template:Transliteration)
- Sigobert King of the Ripuarian Franks
- See also under "the Lisp and Lame" below
- "~ the Last":
- Llywelyn ap Gruffudd of Wales (Template:Langx)
- Louis XVI of France (Template:Langx)
- "~ Law-Mender": Magnus VI of Norway
- "~ the Lawgiver":
- "~ the Learned": Alfonso X of Castile
- "~ the Leprous": Afonso II of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Liberal":
- "~ the Liberator":
- "~ the Lion":
- "~ the Lionheart": Richard I of England (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Lisp and Lame" Eric XI of Sweden (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Little Impaler": Basarab Ţepeluş cel Tânăr of Wallachia (Template:Langx)
- "~ (the) Longhaired (king)": Chlodio
- "~ Longshanks": Edward I of England
- "~ the Lover of Elegance": John I of Aragon (Template:Langx; Template:Langx)
M
- "~ the Mad":
- "~ the Madman": Donald II of Scotland (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Magnanimous":
- Emperor Pedro II of Brazil (Template:Langx)
- King Alfonso V of Aragon (Template:Langx)
- John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (Template:Langx)
- Otto Henry, Elector Palatine (Template:Langx)
- King John V of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- Landgrave Philipp I of Hesse
- King Ladislaus of Naples
- Inca Roca (Quechua: Inka Roq'a)
- Charles II of Alençon (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Magnificent":
- "~ the Maiden":
- "~ Martel" (Old French, "The Hammer"):
- "~ the Man": John II of Portugal (Template:Langx, a nickname given to him by Isabella of Castile)
- "~ the Martyr":
- "~ the Master of Avis": John I of Portugal (Template:Langx, a reference to his position as Master of the Order of Avis before his election as King)
- "~ the Memorable": Eric II of Denmark
- "~ the Merry": Charles II of England
- "~ the Mild": Halfdan of Romerike and Vestfold
- "~ the Middle": Pippin of Herstal
- "~ the Mighty": Stephen Uroš IV Dušan of Serbia
- "~ Minus-a-Quarter": Michael VII Dukas, Byzantine Emperor
- "~ Moneybags": Ivan I of Russia
- "~ the Monk":
- "~ Monk's-Cloak"?: Jon Kuvlung of Norway
- "~ Monomakh" (Russian "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}", from Greek "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}", "One who fights alone"): Vladimir Monomakh of Kiev
- "~ Monomakhos" (from Greek "{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}", "One who fights alone"): Constantine IX, Byzantine Emperor
- "~ the Moor":
- "the Most Beautiful ~": Maria of Portugal, Queen of Castile (Template:Langx)
- "Mother ~": Menelik II of Ethiopia (Template:Langx imiyē Minīlik
- "~ the Missed-King": Manuel II of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Mouth": Sigurd II of Norway (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Musician-King:
N
- "~ the Navigator": Henry of Portugal
- "~ New-Day": Valdemar IV of Denmark
- "~ of the Nine Hostages" (Template:Langx): Niall Noigíallach
- "~ the Noble":
- "~ No-Counsel" or "~ the Unready": Ethelred II of England (Template:Langx; Template:Langx)
- "~ the Noisy" or "~ the Clatterer": Eystein the Noisy (Modern Norwegian: Øystein Glumra) was reputedly a petty king on the west coast of Norway
- "~ the Nun's-Lover" (Template:Langx): John V of Portugal
O
- "The Oath-Taker": Henry III of Reuss (1337–1378)
- "The Oberhofrichter": Henry of Reuss-Plauen (1271–1303)
- "The Oceanographer":
- Albert I, Prince of Monaco
- Charles I of Portugal (Portuguese: Carlos o oceanógrafo)
- "~ The Old" (Cat. el Vell, Fr. l'Ancien, le Vieux, Nor. den Gamle, Pol. Stary, Rum. cel Batran, Sp. el Velloso, Swe. den Gamle, Tgl. Matanda):
- Ache of Luzon (c. 1480–1572)
- Albert I of Carpi
- Albert II of Wedenberg-Heiligenberg (1327–1370)
- Arnulf I, Count of Flanders (also known as "the great"
- Basarab Laiota, Prince of Wallachia
- Boso I, Count of La Marche
- Coel Hen (Welsh for "Coel the Old"; king of the Brittonic "Hen Ogledd" ("Old North"); possibly legendary)
- Konrad III of Silesia (Template:Langx)
- Dyfnwal Hen (Welsh for "Dyfnwal the Old") of Alt Clut
- Emund II of Sweden
- Eric I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1495–1540
- Frederick the Great (Prussia), also named "the Old Fritz" (Template:Langx)
- George V, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, 1620–1623
- Gorm of Denmark
- Guthrum
- Haakon IV of Norway
- Hugh VIII, Lord of Lusignan (Template:Langx)
- Igor of Kiev
- Michael II of Beloozero (1432–1486)
- Mieszko III of Poland
- Pippin of Landen
- Raymond VI of Toulouse
- Raymond Berengar I, Count of Barcelona
- Rudolph II, Count of Habsburg (died 1232); also "the Kind"
- Sigismund I of Poland
- Theodore II of Beloozero (13??-1380)
- William, Count of Nassau, 1538–1559
- "The Old Dessauer": Leopold I of Anhalt-Dessau
- "The One-Eyed" (Ger. der Einaugige):
- "~ the One-Eyed":
- "The Oppressed": Dietrich, Margrave of Meissen (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Oppressor": Philip IV of Spain (in Portugal: Template:Langx)
- "The Orphan": Henry I of Reuss (1250–1295)
- "~ the Outlaw": Edgar Ætheling of England
- "~ d'Outremer" (French, "from Overseas"): Louis IV of France
P
- "~ the Pacific": Peter II of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Painter-King":
- "~ the Pale": Constantius I, Roman Emperor
- "~ the Patriot": Manuel II of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Peaceful":
- "~ the Peacemaker":
- Alexander III of Russia
- Alfonso XII of Spain (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Perfect Prince": John II of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Philosopher" or "~ the Philosopher King": Edward of Portugal (Template:Langx or {{#invoke:Lang|lang}})
- "~ the Pilgrim:
- "~ the Pious":
- Boleslav II of Bohemia
- Edward VI, King of England
- Henry II, Duke of Silesia (Template:Langx)
- John III of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- Louis I of France (Template:Langx)
- Maria I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- Philip III of Spain (Template:Langx)
- Robert II of France (Template:Langx)
- Sancho II of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- William V, Duke of Bavaria (Template:Langx)
- Otto III, Margrave of Brandenburg (Template:Langx)
- "~ Ploughpenny": Eric IV of Denmark
- "~ the Poet" or "~ the Poet King": Denis of Portugal (Template:Langx or Template:Langx)
- "The Poet Prince": Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd
- "~ the Poison King": Mithridates VI of Pontus
- "~ the Popular": Louis I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Populator": Sancho I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Posthumous":
- "~ the Powerful": Uroš IV of Serbia
- "~ the Precious": Stephen II of Serbia
- "~ the Priest Hater": Eric II of Norway
- "~ the Prior of Crato": Anthony I of Portugal (Template:Langx, a reference to his position as Master of the Portuguese branch of the Order of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem (Hospitaller) before his acclamation as King)
- "~ the Proud":
- "~ the Prudent":
- Louis XI of France (French: Louis le Prudent)
- Philip II of Spain (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Purple-Born" (Greek Porphyrogenetes):
Q
- "~ the Quarreller":
- "~ the Queen of Sad Mischance": Isabella II of Spain (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Quiet": Olaf III of Norway
- "~ the Quietest one": Alexis of Russia (Template:Langx, Template:Transliteration)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
R
- "~ the Rash": James III of Majorca
- "~ the Red":
- "~ the Red King": Macbeth of Scotland (Medieval Gaelic: {{#invoke:Lang|lang}})
- "~ the Redemptress": Isabel of Brazil (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Redless" or "~ the Redeless": Ethelred II of England (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Reformer": Joseph I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Resistant": Anthony I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Restorer":
- "~ the Righteous":
- "~ the Rightly Guided": Harun al-Rashid (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Romanslayer": Kaloyan (Bulgarian: Калоян ромеубиеца)
- "~ Roundhead": Ragnvald of Sweden (Template:Langx; the exact meaning of the nickname is unclear)
S
- "~ the Sacrificer": Sweyn of Sweden (Template:Langx; unclear if "Sven" was his actual name or part of the nickname)
- "~ the Sacristan": Peter III of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Sailor King": William IV of the United Kingdom
- "~ the Saint":
- Edward the Confessor, also known as Saint Edward
- Ferdinand III of Castile (Template:Langx)
- Lulach of Scotland
- Louis IX of France (Template:Langx)
- William X, Duke of Aquitaine
- Leopold III, Margrave of Austria (Template:Langx)
- Louis IV, Landgrave of Thuringia (Template:Langx)
- Raymond Benergar IV, Count of Barcelona (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Sapient": Mindaugas
- "~ the Saver of Europe": Tervel of Bulgaria
- "~ the Savior":
- "~ the Seer": Oleg of Novgorod
- "~ of the Seven Parts (of the World)": Peter, Duke of Coimbra (Template:Langx)
- "~ the She-Wolf of France: Isabella of France
- "~ the Be-shitten": James II of England and Ireland, also James VII of Scotland (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Short": Pippin III, King of the Franks
- "~ of Showers": Niall Frossach, High King of Ireland
- "~ the Silent":
- "~ the Simple":
- "~ the Singer": David III of Ethiopia (Template:Langx Dawīt āzimarī)
- "~ Skötkonung" (Old Norse "Tax-King"?): Olof of Sweden
- "~ the Sluggard": Louis V of France
- "~ the Soldier": Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
- "~ the Soldier-King":
- Frederick William I of Prussia
- Peter IV of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- Albert I of Belgium (French: le Roi-Soldat or le Roi-Chevalier)
- "~ the Sorcerer": Vseslav of Polotsk
- "~ the Sorrowful": Manuel II of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Spider": Louis XI of France (l'Universelle Aragne)
- "~ the Spirited": Philip V of Spain (Template:Langx)
- "~ Split-Nose": Justinian II, Byzantine Emperor
- "~ the Stammerer": Louis II of France
- "~ the Stout": Olaf II of Norway
- "The Strict":
- "~ the Strong":
- "~ the Studious": Manuel II of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Stutterer": Peter I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Sun King": Louis XIV of France
- "The Portuguese Sun King": John V of Portugal
T
- "~ the Tall":
- Canute II of Sweden
- Philip V of France (Philippe le Long)
- Stephen of Serbia
- Thorkell of East Anglia
- Hasan the Tall (Uzun Hasan)
- "~ the Terrible":
- Charles, Duke of Burgundy
- Ivan IV of Russia (Template:Langx, Ivan Groznyy)
- Shingas
- Krum of Bulgaria
- "~ the Theologian": John I of Mecklenburg
- "~ the Thunderbolt":
- "~ the Till-the-End-of-the-World-Passionate": Peter I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Tough": Helen of Bosnia (Template:Lang-sh-Latn)
- "~ the Traditionalist": Miguel I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Traditional Queen": Isabella II of Spain (Template:Langx)
- "~ Transmarinus": (Latin: transmarinus "from Outerseas") Louis IV of France (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Treacherous": Leonor Telles de Meneses (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Trembling": Garcia IV of Pamplona
- "~ the Tremulous": Garcia II of Navarre
- "~ of the Tributes": Brian Boru, High King of Ireland (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Troubadour":
- Alfonso II of Aragon
- Dinis of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- Theobald I of Navarre (Template:Langx; Template:Langx; also called Theobald the Posthumous)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ Twistedbeard": Alan II, Duke of Brittany (Template:Langx) (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "~ the Tyrant":
U
- "~ the Unfortunate":
- "~ the Unique": Frederick II of Prussia
- "~ the Unlucky":
- Arnulf III of Flanders
- Henry III of Reuss
- "~ the Unready": Ethelred II of England
- "~ the Usurper":
V
- "~ the Vain": James I of England (VI of Scots)
- "~ the Valiant":
- Halfdan Haraldsson, Legendary Prince of Scania
- John IV, Duke of Brittany (Template:Langx), (John V in some English sources)
- Ralph I, Count of Vermandois (Template:Langx)
- Theodoric II, Duke of Lorraine (Template:Langx)
- Rudolph, Duke of Lorraine (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Venetian": Andrew III of Hungary (& III of Croatia)
- "~ the Vengeful": Peter I of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Victorious":
- Afonso VI of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- Charles VII of France
- Eric of Sweden (Template:Langx)
- Frederick I of the Palatinate
- Valdemar II of Denmark (Template:Langx; also "Valdemar the Conqueror")
- "~ the Virgin Queen": Elizabeth I of England
- "~the Virtuous": Leopold V, Duke of Austria (Template:Langx)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
W
- "~ the Warlike":
- "~ the Warrior": Charles I of Savoy
- "~ the Weak": Uroš V of Serbia
- "~ Wearing-a-Cape": Hugh Capet of France
- "~ the Well-Beloved":
- "~ the Well-Served": Charles VII of France
- "~ the Wench of Queluz": Carlota Joaquina, Queen of Portugal (Template:Langx)
- "~ the White":
- "~ Whiteshirt":
- "~ Who-Fights-Alone":
- "~ the Wicked":
- "~ the Wise":
- Albert II of Austria
- Albert IV of Bavaria
- Alfonso X of Castile
- Charles V of France
- Coloman of Hungary
- Frederick II of the Palatinate
- Frederick III, Elector of Saxony
- Leo VI, Byzantine Emperor
- Mandukhai Khatun, empress of the Mongol Empire
- Robert of Naples
- Sancho VI of Navarre
- William IV of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel)
- Yaroslav I of KievBritannica Academic
- "~ the Wrymouth": Boleslaus III of Poland (Template:Langx)
Y
- "Yellow ~" or "~ the Blond": Selim II of the Ottoman Empire (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Young":
- Basarab Ţepeluş of Wallachia (Old Romanian: {{#invoke:Lang|lang}})
- Fulk V of Anjou (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Young King": Henry the Young King (Template:Langx)
- "~ the Younger":
- Conrad II of Sicily
- Martin I of Sicily
- Louis VII of France (Template:Langx)
- Pippin III, King of the Franks (Template:Langx; Template:Langx, or {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}); see also "~ the Short", above
Sobriquets
- "The Accursed": Genghis Khan
- "The Alexander of the West": Henry II of England
- "Alix": Alexandra of Denmark
- "Bertie": George VI of the United Kingdom
- "Bloody Mary": Mary I of England
- "Bonnie Prince Charlie": Charles Edward Stuart, United Kingdom
- "Caligula" ("Little Boots"): Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus, Roman Emperor
- "Caracalla" ("Hooded Tunic"): Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, Roman Emperor
- "Cecco Peppe" (Italian, diminutive of Francesco Giuseppe): Franz Joseph I of Austria
- "Champion of the Reformation": John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony
- "Daisy": Margrethe II of Denmark
- "Dickie": Louis Mountbatten
- "Dominus Mundi": Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor
- "Ducky": Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
- "the Emperor of Universal Dominion": Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
- "Emperor-Sacristan": Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
- "Ena": Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg
- "Farmer George": George III the United Kingdom
- "Father of England" Edward III of England
- "Father of Europe" (Latin: "Pater Europae"): Charlemagne
- "Father-in-law of Europe":
- "First Gentleman of Europe": Louis XV of France
- "Fox of Mecklenburg": Albert II of Mecklenburg
- "Gloriana": Elizabeth I of England
- "Good King Edward": Edward III of England
- "Good King Henry" (French: "le bon roi Henri"): Henry IV of France
- "Good King René" (French: "le bon roi René"): René of Anjou, (deposed) king of peninsular Sicily
- "Good Queen Bess": Elizabeth I of England
- "Grandfather of Europe": Miguel I of Portugal<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "Grandmother of Europe": Queen Victoria
- "The Great Belly-Gerent": Frederick I of Württemberg
- "The Great Elector" (German: "Großer Kurfürst"): Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg
- "Greek Nicky": Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark
- "Hammer of the North": Harald III of Norway
- "Hammer of the Scots": Edward I of England
- "Harry": Maud of the United Kingdom
- "The Huckster King": Henry VII of England
- "The Iron and Golden King": Ottokar II of Bohemia (Czech: "Král železný a zlatý")
- "The Iron Duke": Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva (Dutch: "IJzeren Hertog")
- "The Iron Pope" (Italian: Il Papa Ferreo): Pope Sixtus V
- "Kaiser Bill": Wilhelm II, German Emperor
- "The King of May" (Italian: "Re di maggio"): Umberto II of Italy
- "The King of the Seas" Edward III of England
- "The Last Emperor": Puyi of China (Chinese: 末代皇帝)
- "The Last Knight": Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
- "Lion of Justice": Henry I of England; Henry II of England
- "Lilibet": Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
- "Lion of the North": Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
- "The Little Corporal": Napoleon I of France
- "Little Sabre" (Italian: "Sciaboletta"): Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
- "May": Mary of Teck
- "Missy": Marie of Romania
- "The Merry Monarch" or "The Merrie Monarch":
- "Mrs Brown": Queen Victoria. Refers to the Queen's relationship with her personal attendant, John Brown.
- "Napoleon of the Pacific": Kamehameha I of Hawaiʻi
- "Nicky": Nicholas II of Russia
- "The Nine Days Queen": Lady Jane Grey
- "Old Coppernose": Henry VIII of England
- "The One of the Little Dagger" (Catalan: "El del Punyalet"): Peter IV of Aragon
- "The People's King": Lunalilo of Hawaii
- "Pingo": Frederik X of Denmark
- "The Pious Grandfather" (Italian: Il Pio Nonno, a pun on the Italian form of his regnal name, Pio Nono): Pope Pius IX
- "The Prince of Whales": George IV of the United Kingdom. Note that it is Whales instead of Wales. George was indeed the Prince of Wales during his regency, while he was also quite obese. Political satirical cartoons at the time would make fun of his obesity and portray him as a massive whale.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "The Sailor King": William IV of the United Kingdom
- "The Scourge of God": Attila the Hun
- "Skanderbeg" (from Albanian Skënderbeu, "Lord Alexander"): George Kastrioti of Albania
- "Sissi/Sisi": Empress Elisabeth of Austria
- "Soft-Sword": John, King of England
- "Stupid Willy" (Polish: "Głupi Wiluś"): Wilhelm II of Germany
- "Stupor Mundi": Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
- "The Sun King" (French: "Le Roi Soleil"): Louis XIV of France
- "The Tennis King": (Template:Langx) Gustav V of Sweden
- "The Theater King": (Template:Langx) Gustav III of Sweden
- "Thief of Cairo": Farouk of Egypt
- "The Uncle of Europe": Edward VII of the United Kingdom
- "The Universal Spider" (Old French: "l'universelle aragne"): Louis XI of France
- "The Virgin Queen": Elizabeth I of England
- "The Warrior King": Abdullah II of Jordan<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- "The Warrior Pope" (Italian: Il Papa Guerriero): Pope Julius II
- "The Winter King": Frederick I of Bohemia
- "The Wisest Fool in Christendom": James I of England
- "The World-Emperor": Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
See also
- Epithet
- Nickname
- Sobriquet
- Victory titles
- List of people known as the Great
- List of royal saints and martyrs
- List of military figures by nickname
- Lists of nicknames
Notes
References
Further reading
- Ross, Martha. Rulers and Governments of the World – Vol 1, Earliest Times to 1491, Bowker Publishing Company Ltd, London & New York, 1978. Template:ISBN