North-Eastern Rhodesia
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Nyanja, Bemba, Tonga and Lozi widely spoken
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North-Eastern Rhodesia was a British protectorate in south central Africa formed in 1900.<ref name="ReferenceA">North-Eastern Rhodesia Order in Council, 1900</ref> The protectorate was administered under charter by the British South Africa Company. It was one of what were colloquially referred to as the three Rhodesian protectorates,<ref name="England, Volume XIII 1908">Encyclopedia of the Laws of England, Volume XIII; Editors: A. Wood Renton, Esq., Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Ceylon and Max. A. Robertson, Esq., of the Inner Temple and the Midland Circuit, Barrister-at-Law; Edinburgh; 1 November 1908.</ref> the other two being Southern Rhodesia and Barotseland-North-Western Rhodesia. It was amalgamated with Barotseland-North-Western Rhodesia, another territory administered by the British South Africa Company, to form Northern Rhodesia in 1911.<ref>Northern Rhodesia Order in Council, 1911, S.R.O. 1911 No. 438, p. 85.</ref>
History
The colonisation of the region that would become North-Eastern Rhodesia began in 1890.<ref name=tempo>The colonial state and Africa Agriculture in Chapati district of Northern Rhodesia, 1895–1964 Template:Webarchive, by Alfred Tembo, 2011</ref> Joseph Thompson was dispatched by Cecil Rhodes of the British South Africa Company to negotiate agreements with African chiefs.<ref name=tempo/> Alfred Sharpe was similarly dispatched by the British Consul for Nyasaland for the same purpose.<ref name=tempo/> After failing to secure any agreements, Sharpe and Thompson used force to subdue the local people.<ref name=tempo/> In 1895 the British South Africa Company was granted land and mineral rights over 10,000 square miles by Mozambique Gold, Land and Concession Company, a company it had bought in 1893. In order to better exploit the anticipated mineral wealth, the British South Africa Company incorporated a subsidiary, North Charterland Exploration Company in 1895.<ref name=tempo/> Effective administration of the region was achieved by the end of 1899.<ref name=tempo/>
In January 1900 Queen Victoria signed the North-Eastern Rhodesia Order in Council, 1900. This Order made official the name North-Eastern Rhodesia and formally proclaimed it a British protectorate.<ref name="ReferenceA">North-Eastern Rhodesia Order in Council, 1900</ref><ref>Commonwealth and Colonial Law by Kenneth Roberts-Wray, London, Stevens, 1966. p. 753.</ref> Under the Order a regime for the Company's governance of the new protectorate was established. The new protectorate was administered by an Administrator appointed by the High Commissioner for South Africa.<ref name=laws>Encyclopedia of the Laws of England, Volume XIII; Editors: A. Wood Renton, Esq., Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Ceylon and Max. A. Robertson, Esq., of the Inner Temple and the Midland Circuit, Barrister-at-Law; Edinburgh; 1 November 1908.</ref> The High Commissioner legislated by proclamation for the protectorate.<ref name=laws/> The protectorate was divided into seven administrative districts.<ref name=laws/>
In 1900 Robert Edward Codrington was appointed as the first Administrator. He held this post until 1907. The last person to serve as Administrator was Lawrence Aubrey Wallace from 1907 until 1909 after which the position was left vacant. The capital was at Fort Jameson, today called Chipata.
When the protectorate was amalgamated with Barotseland-North-Western Rhodesia to form Northern Rhodesia, the Administrator of Northern Rhodesia took over the functions that had been carried out by the Administrator of North-Eastern Rhodesia.
Laws
The laws of England applied to the protectorate, as far as local circumstances permitted.<ref>Order in Council of 1900.</ref> In civil cases between natives, native laws applied so far as was not repugnant to natural justice, or morality, or to any Order in Council, or any regulation thereunder.<ref name="England, Volume XIII 1908">Encyclopedia of the Laws of England, Volume XIII; Editors: A. Wood Renton, Esq., Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Ceylon and Max. A. Robertson, Esq., of the Inner Temple and the Midland Circuit, Barrister-at-Law; Edinburgh; 1 November 1908.</ref> The Protectorate had a High Court, District Courts and Magistrates' Courts.<ref name="England, Volume XIII 1908">Encyclopedia of the Laws of England, Volume XIII; Editors: A. Wood Renton, Esq., Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Ceylon and Max. A. Robertson, Esq., of the Inner Temple and the Midland Circuit, Barrister-at-Law; Edinburgh; 1 November 1908.</ref> Appeals from the Protectorate Courts could be made to the Supreme Court of Cape Colony and from there to the Privy Council in the United Kingdom.<ref name="England, Volume XIII 1908">Encyclopedia of the Laws of England, Volume XIII; Editors: A. Wood Renton, Esq., Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Ceylon and Max. A. Robertson, Esq., of the Inner Temple and the Midland Circuit, Barrister-at-Law; Edinburgh; 1 November 1908.</ref>
See also
- British South Africa Company
- Company rule in Rhodesia
- Rhodesia (name)
- Northern Rhodesia
- Barotseland-North-Western Rhodesia
- Sir Robert Codrington, Administrator, 1900–1907
- North-Eastern Rhodesia Gazette
References
Template:Rhodesian topics Template:Zambia topics Template:Authority control
- Pages using center with unknown parameters
- North-Eastern Rhodesia
- Northern Rhodesia
- British South Africa Company
- Former British colonies and protectorates in Africa
- States and territories established in 1900
- States and territories disestablished in 1911
- 1911 disestablishments in Africa
- 1900 establishments in the British Empire
- 1911 disestablishments in the British Empire