Qikiqtaaluk Region

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The Qikiqtaaluk Region, Qikiqtani Region (Inuktitut syllabics: ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᒃ Template:IPA) or the Baffin Region is the easternmost,<ref name="utpjournalsreview_2015">Template:Cite journal</ref> northernmost, and southernmost administrative region of Nunavut, Canada. Qikiqtaaluk is the traditional Inuktitut name for Baffin Island.<ref>IHT’s Nunavut Map Series</ref> Although the Qikiqtaaluk Region is the most commonly used name in official contexts, several notable public organizations, including Statistics Canada prior to the 2021 Canadian census,<ref name="census2016region">Template:Cite web</ref> use the older term Baffin Region.

With a population of 19,355 and an area of Template:Convert, slightly smaller than Egypt, it is the largest and most populated of the three regions.<ref name=censusdivisions>Template:Cite web</ref> It is also the largest second-level administrative division in the world.

The region consists of Baffin Island, the Belcher Islands, Akimiski Island, Mansel Island, Prince Charles Island, Bylot Island, Devon Island, Baillie-Hamilton Island, Cornwallis Island, Bathurst Island, Amund Ringnes Island, Ellef Ringnes Island, Axel Heiberg Island, Ellesmere Island, the Melville Peninsula, the eastern part of Melville Island, and the northern parts of both Prince of Wales Island and Somerset Island, plus smaller islands in between. The regional centre, and territorial capital, is Iqaluit (population 7,429).<ref name="census21iqa">Template:Cite web</ref> The Qikiqtaaluk Region spans the northernmost, easternmost, and southernmost areas of Nunavut.

Before 1999, the Qikiqtaaluk Region existed under slightly different boundaries in the Northwest Territories as the Baffin Region, in the northern part of the District of Keewatin.

The western half of the nearby Hans Island is part of the Qikiqtaaluk, while the eastern half is part of Greenland and is in the municipality of Avannaata.

Communities

All of Qikiqtaaluk's thirteen communities are located on tidal water and just under half of its residents live in Nunavut's capital and only city, Iqaluit (7,429.<ref name="census21iqa"/>). The majority of the rest live in twelve hamlets—Arctic Bay (994<ref name=census2021AB>Template:Cite web</ref>), Kinngait (1,396<ref name="census2021CD">Template:Cite web</ref>), Clyde River (1,181<ref name="census2021CR">Template:Cite web</ref>), Grise Fiord (144<ref name="census2021GF">Template:Cite web</ref>), Sanirajak (891<ref name=census2021HB>Template:Cite web</ref>), Igloolik (2,049<ref name=census2021IG>Template:Cite web</ref>), Kimmirut (426<ref name="census2021KI">Template:Cite web</ref>), Pangnirtung (1,504<ref name="census2021PA">Template:Cite web</ref>), Pond Inlet (1,555<ref name="census2021PI">Template:Cite web</ref>), Qikiqtarjuaq (593<ref name="census2021QI">Template:Cite web</ref>), Resolute (183<ref name="census2021RB">Template:Cite web</ref>) and Sanikiluaq (1,010<ref name="census2021SA">Template:Cite web</ref>). Alert (CFS Alert) and Eureka are part of Qikiqtaaluk, Unorganized (permanent population 0<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>) areas in the Qikiqtaaluk.

Formerly, there was a mining town at Nanisivik. However, it and the Nanisivik Mine closed in 2002, with Nanisivik Airport closing in 2010 and all flights transferred to Arctic Bay Airport.

Like the majority of Canada's Inuit communities, the region's traditional foods include seal, Arctic char, walrus, polar bear, and caribou.<ref name="utpjournalsreview_2015" />

Inhabitants of the Qikiqtaaluk Region are called Qikiqtaalungmiut.Template:Citation needed

Iqaluit

File:Mount Odin snow and ice.jpg

Mount Odin, Auyuittuq National Park

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Iqaluit waterfront, 2011

Iqaluit has the Astro Hill Complex, the Nunatta Sunakkutaangit Museum and the Legislative Building of Nunavut and the Unikkaarvik Visitors Centre.

Pre-contact

According to anthropologists and historians, the Inuit are the descendants of the Thule people who displaced the Dorset culture (in Inuktitut, the Tuniit).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> By 1300 the Inuit had trade routes with more southern cultures.<ref name=warin>Template:Cite web</ref>

History

About 1910, Europeans markets increased their interest in white fox pelts. The distribution and mobility of Inuit changed as they expanded their traditional hunting and fishing routes to participate in the white fox fur trade. Traditional food staples—such as seal and caribou—were not always found in the same regions as white fox.<ref name="utpjournalsreview_2015" /> The Hudson's Bay Company—which was chartered in 1670—had been opening fur trading posts throughout Inuit and First Nations territory. By 1910, the HBC was restructured into a lands sales department, retail and fur trade. The HBC dominated the fur trade under minimal supervision from the Canadian government, and some Anglican and Catholic missionaries who lived near remote northern hamlets. By 1922, most of imported goods acquired by Inuit were from the HBC.<ref name="utpjournalsreview_2015" />