1547

April 24:Schmalkaldic League rebels defeated by Holy Roman Empire at Battle of Mühlberg

Template:C16 year in topic Year 1547 (MDXLVII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–March

• January 8 – The first Lithuanian-language book, a Catechism (Template:Lang, Simple Words of Catechism), is published in Königsberg by Martynas Mažvydas.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• January 13 – Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey is sentenced to death for treason in England.<ref name=Howard>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• January 16 – Grand Prince Ivan IV is crowned as Tsar of all Russia at the Dormition Cathedral in Moscow, thereby proclaiming the Tsardom of Russia.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• January 28 – King Henry VIII of England dies in London, and is succeeded by his 9-year-old son Edward VI, as King of England.<ref name=Henry>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• February 20 – Edward VI of England is crowned at Westminster Abbey.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• March 31 – King Francis I of France dies at the Château de Rambouillet and is succeeded by his eldest surviving son Henry II (on his 28th birthday) as King of France.<ref name=Francis>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

April–June

• April 4 – Catherine Parr, widow of King Henry VIII of England, secretly marries Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley.
• April 24 – Battle of Mühlberg: Emperor Charles V defeats the Lutheran forces of the Schmalkaldic League and takes John Frederick I.<ref name="Gairdner1924">Template:Cite book</ref>
• May 19 – John Frederick I signs the Capitulation of Wittenberg in order to have his life spared by the Holy Roman Empire.
• May 23 – The Protestant Schmalkaldic League defeats the Catholic Army of the Holy Roman Empire at the Battle of Drakenburg. Of 6,000 Imperial troops, 2,500 are killed and another 2,500 are taken prisoner by the Protestants.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• June 4 – Maurice, Duke of Saxony is formally raised to the status of the Elector.
• June 13 – A peace treaty is signed between by representatives of the Holy Roman Empire and of the Ottoman Empire and France after the Empire's defeat at the 1543 Siege of Nice.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• June 21 – The apparition of Mary, mother of Jesus is seen by several women in the Sicilian city of Alcamo.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She becomes the patron saint of the city and is celebrated as the Madonna of Miracles (la Madonna dei Miracoli)
• June 23 – Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse and John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony, leaders of the Schmalkaldic League who were both captured at the battle of Muhlberg, are transported to south Germany and imprisoned for their revolt against the Empire.
• June 26 – King Henri of France orders the division of France's easternmost provinces and divides them into three zones of control, each administered by a Marshal of the Army. Template:Cite book
• June 29 – A fleet of 21 French galleys, commanded by Leone Strozzi, arrives at Fife in Scotland and begins the siege of St Andrews Castle.<ref>Template:Citation;</ref> The siege lasts for a month before John Knox and Protestant nobles surrender on July 31.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

July–September

• July 10 – In France, a duel takes place at between Guy I de Chabot, the future Baron of Jarnac, and François de Vivonne, Lord of La Châtaigneraie, in front of the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye. Vivonne, known for his fencing ability, is wounded and dies the next day.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• July 17 – After the Earl of Arran, Regent of Scotland for Mary, Queen of Scots, is unable to get England to voluntarily return control of Langholm to Scotland, he "reduces it by force.".<ref>Merriman, Marcus, The Rough Wooings (Tuckwell, 2000), pp. 221–229</ref>
• July 25 – The coronation of Henri II as King of France at the Reims Cathedral.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• August 13 – The Duchy of Brittany unites with the Kingdom of France.
• September 10
  • Battle of Pinkie Cleugh: An English army under the Duke of Somerset, Lord Protector of England, defeats a Scottish army under James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran, the Regent. The English seize Edinburgh.<ref name="Gairdner1924"/>
  • Conspirators led by Ferrante Gonzaga murder Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma and son of the Pope, and hang his body from a window of his palace in Piacenza.<ref name="pier">Template:Cite book</ref>

October–December

• October 13 – (New Moon of Thadinovut 909 ME) With the end of the Buddhist Lent, the Kingdom of Burma (now Myanmar) mobilizes to invade the Kingdom of Arakan (now Thailand).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• The English Parliament, the first convened since the death of King Henry VIII, is opened by King Edward VI.
• November 5 – Catherine Parr, the former Queen consort of England and widow of King Henry VIII, publishes her book The Lamentation of a Sinner.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• November 15 – A fleet of 60 Ottoman Navy ships, commanded by Piri Reis, arrives at the port of Aden (now in Yemen)<ref>The history of Aden, 1839-72 by Zaka Hanna Kour p. 2</ref> and captures the city in slightly more than three months, by February 26, 1548.
• December 6 – The Battle of Perlis River is fought between the Portuguese Navy and the navy of the Aceh Sultanate (now a province of Indonesia) at the Perlis River in Malaysia. With nine light warships and 230 soldiers, the Portuguese sink or capture 45 of the 60 ships of Aceh vessel leave 4,000 of their 5,380 soldiers dead or missing.<ref>Saturnino Monteiro (1992): Batalhas e Combates da Marinha Portuguesa Volume III, p. 95-103.</ref>
• December 24 – King Edward VI of England gives royal assent to numerous laws enacted by Parliament, including the Treason Act and the Vagabonds Act.
• December 28 – Sir John Luttrell of England, recently victorious over Scotland in the Battle of Pinkie, raids the Scottish port of Burntisland on the Firth of Forth, after his uncle Thomas Wyndham brings two Royal Navy warships. Luttrell and Wyndhamburn ships and buildings on the pier and capture Rossend Castle<ref>].Gervase Phillips, The Anglo-Scots Wars 1513–1550 (Boydell Press, 1999) p. 212 Template:ISBN</ref>

Date unknown

• Huguenots increasingly immigrate to the English county of Kent, especially Canterbury, from France.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• The Chambre Ardente is established in Paris for trying heretics.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Work on construction of the Château de Chambord, in the Loire Valley, for Francis I of France, ceases.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• John Dee visits the Low Countries, to study navigation with Gemma Frisius.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Edward VI of England outlaws execution by boiling.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Births

Duchess Hedwig of Württemberg

Joanna of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany

Miguel de Cervantes

Princess Sophia of Sweden

Claude of Valois

• January 15 – Duchess Hedwig of Württemberg, by marriage countess of Hesse-Marburg (d. 1590)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• January 20 – Laurence Bruce, Scottish politician (d. 1617)
• January 24 – Joanna of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Austrian Archduchess (d. 1578)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• February 8 – Girolamo Mattei, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1603)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• February 18 – Bahāʾ al-dīn al-ʿĀmilī, Syrian Arab co-founder of the Isfahan School of Islamic Philosophy (d. 1621)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• February 24 – Don John of Austria, military leader (d. 1578)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• March 1 – Rudolph Goclenius, German philosopher (d. 1628)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• March 26 – Bernardino Bertolotti, Italian instrumentalist and composer (d. 1609)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• April 8 – Lucrezia Bendidio, noblewoman and singer in Renaissance Ferrara (d. 1584)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• May 15 – Magnus Pegel, German mathematician (d. 1619)
• May 19 – Gustaf Banér, Swedish nobleman and member of the Privy Council of Sweden (d. 1600)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• June 28 – Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian organist and composer (d. 1599)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• July 5 – Garzia de' Medici, Italian noble (d. 1562)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• August 10 – Francis II, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (d. 1619)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• September 10 – George I, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1596)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• September 14 – Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Dutch statesman (d. 1619)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• September 20 – Faizi, Indo-Persian poet and scholar (d. 1595)
• September 22 – Philipp Nicodemus Frischlin, German philologist and poet (d. 1590)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• September 29 – Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish fiction writer (d. 1616)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• October 2 – Philipp Ludwig, Count Palatine of Neuburg (1569–1614) and Count Palatine of Sulzbach (1604–1614) (d. 1614)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• October 18 – Justus Lipsius, Flemish humanist (d. 1606)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• October 29 – Princess Sophia of Sweden, Swedish princess (d. 1611)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• November 7 – Rudolf Hospinian, Swiss writer (d. 1626)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• November 10
  • Martin Moller, German poet and mystic (d. 1606)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg, Archbishop of Cologne (d. 1601)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• November 12 – Claude of Valois, daughter of King Henry II of France (d. 1575)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• November 26 – Nicolaus Taurellus, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1606)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• December 5 – Ubbo Emmius, Dutch historian and geographer (d. 1625)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• December 15 – Magdalena of Nassau-Dillenburg, German noblewoman (d. 1633)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• date unknown
  • Matteo Perez d'Aleccio, Italian painter (d. 1616)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Mateo Alemán, Spanish novelist and man of letters (d. 1609)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Peter Bales, English calligrapher (d. 1610)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Louis Carrion, Flemish humanist and classical scholar (d. 1595)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Oichi, Japanese noblewoman (d. 1583)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Krzysztof Mikołaj "the Thunderbolt" Radziwiłł, Polish nobleman (d. 1603)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
  • Oda Nagamasu, Japanese nobleman (d. 1622)
  • Richard Stanihurst, English translator of Virgil (d. 1618)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Roemer Visscher, Dutch writer (d. 1620)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Stanisław Żółkiewski, Polish nobleman (d. 1620)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Deaths

King Henry VIII of England

King Francis I of France

Saint Cajetan

Hernán Cortés

• January 5 – Johann Heß, German theologian (b. 1490)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• January 7 –Albrecht VII, Duke of Mecklenburg (b. 1486)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• January 16 – Johannes Schöner, German astronomer and cartographer (b. 1477)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• January 18 – Pietro Bembo, Italian cardinal and scholar (b. 1470)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• January 19 – Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, English nobleman, politician and poet, beheaded (b. c.1517)<ref name=Howard />
• January 27 – Anne of Bohemia and Hungary, Queen consort of the Romans, Bohemia and Hungary (b. 1503)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• January 28 – King Henry VIII of England (b. 1491)<ref name=Henry /><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
• February 25 – Vittoria Colonna, marchioness of Pescara (b. 1490)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• February 28 – Philippa of Guelders, Duchess of Lorraine (b. 1467)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• March 31 – King Francis I of France (b. 1494)<ref name=Francis /><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• April 11 – Dorothea of Denmark, Duchess of Prussia, Danish princess (b. 1504)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• May 22 – Daniel, Metropolitan of Moscow (b. c. 1492)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• c. May – Edward Hall, English chronicler and lawyer (b. c.1496)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• June 21 – Sebastiano del Piombo, Italian painter (b. 1485)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• July 20 – Beatus Rhenanus, German humanist and religious reformer (b. 1485)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• August 7 – Saint Cajetan, Italian priest and saint (b. 1480)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• August 17 – Katharina von Zimmern, Swiss sovereign abbess (b. 1478)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• September 10 – Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma (b. 1503)<ref name="pier" />
• September 17 – Frederick II of Legnica, Duke of Legnica from 1488 (until 1495 and 1505 with his brothers) (b. 1480)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• October 18 – Jacopo Sadoleto, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1477)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• December 2 – Hernán Cortés, Spanish conquistador of Mexico (b. 1485)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• December 28 – Konrad Peutinger, German humanist and antiquarian (b. 1465)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• date unknown
  • Jörg Breu the Younger, German painter (b. 1510)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Meera (Mirabai), Rajput princess (b. 1498)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Photisarath, King of Laos (b. 1501)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>