1833

File:Peter v Hess Empfang König Otto (1).jpg

February 6: Prince Otto of Bavaria arrives at the newly-independent Kingdom of Greece, landing at its capital, the port of Nafplio, to become King Othon the First.

File:Morel-Fatio - Batalha Naval do Cabo de São Vicente - Google Art Project.jpg

July 5: The Battle of Cape St. Vincent is fought off the coast of Portugal between the forces of King Miguel I and the former Queen Maria II.

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Events

January–March

January 3 – The United Kingdom reasserts British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic Ocean.
February 6 (January 25 on the Greek calendar) – Prince Otto Friedrich Ludwig of Bavaria arrives at the port of Nafplio to assume the title King Othon the First of Greece<ref>.David Brewer, The Greek War of Independence: The Struggle for Freedom from Ottoman Oppression (Abrams Incorporated, 2011) p.20</ref>
February 16 – The United States Supreme Court hands down its landmark decision of Barron v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore.

April–June

April 1 – General Antonio López de Santa Anna is elected President of Mexico by the legislatures of 16 of the 18 Mexican states. During his frequent absences from office to fight on the battlefield, Santa Anna turns the duties of government over to his vice president, Valentín Gómez Farías.<ref>Will Fowler, Independent Mexico: The Pronunciamiento in the Age of Santa Anna, 1821-1858 (University of Nebraska Press, 2015)</ref>
April 18 – Over 300 delegates from England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland travel to the office of the Prime Minister, the Earl Grey, to call for the immediate abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire.<ref>Iain Whyte, Zachary Macaulay 1768-1838: The Steadfast Scot in the British Anti-Slavery Movement (Liverpool University Press, 2011)</ref>
May 6
- In Germany, Carl Friedrich Gauss and Wilhelm Weber obtain permission to build an electromagnetic telegraph in Göttingen.
- The Ottoman Empire promulgates a firman ratifying the Peace Agreement of Kütahya, bringing an end to the Egyptian-Ottoman War.
- In Alexandria, Virginia, an attack is made on U.S. President Andrew Jackson.
May 10 – The Le Van Khoi revolt breaks out in southern Vietnam against Emperor Minh Mang, who has desecrated the deceased mandarin Le Van Duyet.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
May 11 – At least 170 people—and perhaps as many as 265—are killed when the British brig Lady of the Lake sinks off Cape St. Francis at Newfoundland. Only 15 people survive.<ref>Thomas, R. (1848). Interesting and authentic narratives of the most remarkable shipwrecks, fires, famines, calamities, providential deliverances, and lamentable disasters on the seas: in most parts of the world. Silas Andrus & Son. p. 356-7.</ref>
May 25 – The Chilean Constitution of 1833 is promulgated.
June 5 – Ada Lovelace and Charles Babbage, both pioneers in developing a computer, are introduced to each other by Mary Somerville.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
June 9 – Dubai gets independence from the United Kingdom and is founded as a city.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
June 29 – An earthquake at Fort Nisqually is experienced by William Fraser Tolmie; his journal entry records the first written eyewitness account of an earthquake in the Puget Sound region.

July–September

July 5 – Liberal Wars: The forces of Queen Maria II of Portugal win the Battle of Cape St. Vincent, defeating the supporters of her uncle, King Miguel, who usurped the throne in 1828.
July 8 – The Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi creates an alliance between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire.
July 14 – At Oxford University, John Keble preaches a sermon against the Church Temporalities (Ireland) Act 1833. Keble's sermon, published afterwards published as National Apostasy, is traditionally considered as the beginning of the Oxford Movement of High Church Anglicans.<ref name="ODNB">Perry Butler, 'Keble, John (1792–1866)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2006, accessed 16 May 2014.</ref>
July 20 – A mob in Jackson County, Missouri, destroys the printing office of the early Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints containing what becomes known as The Doctrine and Covenants.
August 1 – King William's College opens on the Isle of Man.
August 12 – The settlement of Chicago is established by 350 settlers at the estuary of the Chicago River in the U.S. state of Illinois.
August 18 – The Canadian ship Template:SS sets out from Pictou, Nova Scotia on a 25-day passage of the Atlantic Ocean, primarily under steam, to Gravesend in England.
August 20 – Future United States President Benjamin Harrison is born in Ohio. From this date until the death of Former U.S. President James Madison on June 28 1836, a total of 18 Presidents of the United States (2 former, 1 current, and 15 future) are living; which is more than any other time period in U.S. history.
August 26 – The Canton of Basel is partitioned by the Swiss Tagsatzung to create the two half-cantons of Basel-City and Basel-Country.
August 28 – The British Slavery Abolition Act 1833, beginning the process of giving slaves in much of the British Empire their freedom, receives royal assent, with an effective date of August 1, 1834. A £20 million fund is established to compensate slaveowners.
August 29 – The Parliament of the United Kingdom votes to pass the Factory Acts, limiting child labour.
August 31 – The chartered ship Amphitrite sinks off Boulogne-sur-Mer while transporting 108 British female convicts and 12 children from Woolwich in England to New South Wales in what is now Australia. All of the passengers die, along with 13 of the 16 crew, leaving 3 survivors.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
September 2 – Oberlin College is founded in the U.S. at Oberlin, Ohio.
September 6 – At least 6,000 people are killed when an 8.0 magnitude earthquake shakes the Chinese province of Yunnan destroying buildings, homes and temples.
September 29 – Three-year-old Isabella II becomes Queen of Spain, under the regency of her mother, Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies. Her uncle Don Carlos, Conde de Molina challenges her claim, beginning the First Carlist War.

October–December

October 20 – Alfred, Lord Tennyson, publishes his oft-quoted poem, Ulysses.<ref>Victorian Literature: An Anthology, ed. by Victor Shea and William Whitla (John Wiley & Sons, 2014) p326</ref>
November 12–13 – A very spectacular occurrence of the Leonid meteor shower is observed all over North America, and is the inspiration for the song "Stars Fell on Alabama".
November 25 – An 8.7 magnitude earthquake strikes Sumatra in what is now Indonesia.
December – The American Anti-Slavery Society is founded.
December 14 – Kaspar Hauser, the well known and mysterious German youth, is fatally stabbed. He dies three days later on December 17.
December 18 – The national anthem of the Russian Empire, God Save the Tsar!, is first performed.