1906

Template:About Template:Use mdy dates Template:Events by month Template:Multiple image Template:Year nav Template:C20 year in topic Template:Year article header Template:TOC limit

Events

January–February

January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, and establish a national assembly, the Majlis.
January 16–April 7 – The Algeciras Conference convenes, to resolve the First Moroccan Crisis between France and Germany.
January 22 – The Template:SS strikes a reef off Vancouver Island, Canada, killing over 100 <ref>Template:Cite web</ref>(officially 136) in the ensuing disaster.
January 31 – The Ecuador–Colombia earthquake (8.8 on the Moment magnitude scale), and associated tsunami, cause at least 500 deaths.
February 7 – Template:HMS is launched, sparking a naval race between Britain and Germany.
February 11
- Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical Vehementer Nos, denouncing the 1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State.
- Two British members of a poll tax collecting expedition are killed near Richmond, Natal, sparking the Bambatha Rebellion.<ref name="Stuart">Template:Cite book</ref>

File:EcuadorLocation.png

January 31: Ecuador earthquake (8.8).

March–April

March 10 – Courrières mine disaster: An explosion in a coal mine in France kills 1,060.
March 18 – In France, Romanian inventor Traian Vuia becomes the first person to achieve an unassisted takeoff in a heavier-than-air powered monoplane, but it is incapable of sustained flight.
April 14 – The Azusa Street Revival, the primary catalyst for the revival of Pentecostalism this century, opens in Los Angeles.
April 18
- The San Francisco Earthquake (estimated magnitude 7.8) on the San Andreas Fault destroys much of San Francisco, California, killing at least 3,000, with 225,000–300,000 left homeless, and $350 million in damages.
- Xerox, the global digital office machine brand, is founded in Rochester, New York as the Haloid Photographic Company.<ref name="xeroxhaloid">Online Fact Book: Xerox at a Glance Template:Webarchive, xerox.com. Article retrieved December 13, 2006.</ref>
April 23 – In the Russian Empire, the Fundamental Laws are announced at the first state Duma.

File:San francisco 1906 earthquake.jpg

The ruins of San Francisco following the April 18 earthquake and later fires

May–June

May 27
- The first inmates are moved to the Culion leper colony by the American Insular Government of the Philippine Islands.
- Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 6 receives its premiere at the Saalbau Essen in Germany conducted by the composer.
May 29 – Karl Staaff steps down as Prime Minister of Sweden over the issue of expanded voting rights. He is replaced by right-wing naval officer and public official Arvid Lindman.
May 31 – Morral affair: The attempted regicide of Spanish King Alfonso XIII and Queen Victoria Eugenie on their wedding day instead kills 24 bystanders.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
June 7 – Cunard liner Template:RMS is launched in Glasgow, as the world's largest ship.
June 26 – The first autombile racing Grand Prix is the 1906 French Grand Prix held at Le Mans.

July–August

July 6 – The Second Geneva Convention meets.
July 12 – Alfred Dreyfus is exonerated. He is reinstalled in the French Army on July 21, thus ending the Dreyfus affair.
July 20 – In the Grand Duchy of Finland, a new electoral law is ratified, guaranteeing full women's suffrage, the first in modern Europe.<ref>If the limited rights in the Isle of Man are disregarded. Template:Cite web</ref> Women can also stand in national elections.
August 4 – The first Imperial German Navy submarine, U-1, is launched.
August 16
- 1906 Aleutian Islands earthquake: An earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 8.35 occurs off the Rat Islands in Alaska.
- 1906 Valparaíso earthquake: A magnitude 8.2 earthquake in Valparaíso, Chile leaves nearly 4,000 dead and approximately 20,000 injured.
August 23 – Unable to control a rebellion, Cuban President Tomás Estrada Palma requests United States intervention. This leads to the Second Occupation of Cuba, which lasts until 1909.

September–October

September 11 – Mahatma Gandhi coins the term Satyagraha, to characterize the nonviolence movement in South Africa.
September 18 – A typhoon and tsunami kill an estimated 10,000 in Hong Kong.<ref>Template:Cite news Retrieved via Papers Past.</ref>
September 20 – The RMS Mauretania is launched on the River Tyne, becoming the world's largest ship.
September 30 – The first Gordon Bennett Cup in ballooning is held, starting in Paris. The winning team, piloting the balloon United States, lands in Fylingdales, Yorkshire, England.
October 1 – The Grand Duchy of Finland becomes the first nation to include the right of women to stand as candidates when it adopts universal suffrage.
October 6 – The National Consultative Assembly (Majlis) of Iran convenes for the first time.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
October 11 – A United States diplomatic crisis with Japan arises when the San Francisco public school board orders Japanese students to be taught in racially segregated schools (it is resolved by next year).
October 16 – Imposter Wilhelm Voigt impersonates a Prussian officer and takes over the city hall in Köpenick for a short time.
October 23 – An aeroplane of Alberto Santos-Dumont takes off at Bagatelle in France, and flies 60 meters (200 feet). This is the first officially recorded powered flight in Europe.
October 28 – The Union Minière du Haut Katanga, a mining trust, is created in the Belgian Congo.

November–December

November 1 – International Exhibition opens in Christchurch, New Zealand.
November 3 – Template:Overbar becomes adopted internationally as a distress signal (originally for ship-to-shore wireless telegraphy) on inclusion in the service regulations of the first International Radiotelegraph Convention signed in Berlin and coming into effect on 1 July 1908.<ref>Template:Citation.</ref>
November 18 – The steamboat Dix sinks en route from Seattle to Port Blakely claiming the lives of approximately 50 passengers and crew.
December 4 – Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity forms at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; it is the first Black Greek-lettered collegiate order of its kind.
December 6 – The Transvaal Colony is granted responsible self-government by Britain.
December 13 – The United Kingdom, France and Italy sign an agreement to preserve, in Ethiopia, the integrity of the ancient empire of Abyssinia.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
December 15 – The London Underground's Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway opens.
December 22 – The Template:M 7.9 1906 Manasi earthquake in Xinjiang, China, kills nearly 300 people.<ref name="CHINA: XINJIANG PROVINCE">Template:Cite web</ref>
December 24 – Reginald Fessenden makes the first radio broadcast: a poetry reading, a violin solo, and a speech, from Brant Rock, Massachusetts.
December 26 – The world's first feature film, The Story of the Kelly Gang, is first shown, at the Melbourne Athenaeum in Australia.
December 30 – The All-India Muslim League is founded as a political party in Dhaka in the British Raj; it becomes a driving force for the creation of an independent Pakistan.

Date unknown

The BCG vaccine for tuberculosis is first developed.
Construction begins on the modern-day Great Mosque of Djenné.
The Simplo Filler Pen Company is founded, later to become the Montblanc Company in Germany.
HaRishon Le Zion-Yafo Association is officially founded as a sports club in Palestine, predecessor of Maccabi Tel Aviv (Israel).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Births

January–February

File:John Carradine - The Green Hornet, Episode 23 (Alias The Scarf) - 1967.jpg

John Carradine

File:Clyde W. Tombaugh.jpeg

Clyde Tombaugh

File:Pu Yi, Qing dynasty, China, Last emperor.jpg

Puyi

January 11 – Albert Hofmann, Swiss chemist (d. 2008)
January 12 – Eric Birley, British historian and archaeologist (d. 1995)
January 13 – Zhou Youguang, Chinese linguist (d. 2017)
January 14 – William Bendix, American film, radio and television actor (d. 1964)
January 15 – Aristotle Onassis, Greek shipping magnate (d. 1975)
January 16 – Diana Wynyard, English actress (d. 1964)
January 21 – Igor Moiseyev, Russian choreographer (d. 2007)
January 22 – Robert E. Howard, American pulp fiction writer (suicide 1936)
January 28 – Pat O'Callaghan, Irish athlete (d. 1991)
February 4
- Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German religious, resistance leader (executed 1945)
- Clyde Tombaugh, American astronomer (d. 1997)
February 5 – John Carradine, American actor (d. 1988)
February 7
- Oleg Antonov, Soviet aircraft designer (d. 1984)
- Puyi, Last Emperor of China (d. 1967)
February 8 – Chester Carlson, American physicist, inventor (d. 1968)
February 10 – Lon Chaney Jr., American actor (d. 1973)
February 14 – Nazim al-Qudsi, 26th Prime Minister of Syria and 14th President of Syria (d. 1998)
February 17
- Galo Plaza, 29th President of Ecuador (d. 1987)
- Käte Selbmann, German politician (d. 1962)<ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref>
February 18 – Hans Asperger, Austrian pediatrician (d. 1980)
February 26 – Madeleine Carroll, British actress (d. 1987)
February 28 – Bugsy Siegel, American gangster (k. 1947)

March–April

File:Tomonaga.jpg

Shin'ichirō Tomonaga

File:Bea Benadaret 1966.JPG

Bea Benaderet

File:Samuel Beckett, Pic, 1 (cropped).jpg

Samuel Beckett

File:Eddie Albert Robert Wagner Switch 1975 (cropped).JPG

Eddie Albert

March 1
- Phạm Văn Đồng, Prime Minister of Vietnam (d. 2000)
- Abdus Sattar, 8th President of Bangladesh (d. 1985)
March 6 – Lou Costello, American actor (d. 1959)
March 13 – Dave Kaye, British pianist (d. 1996)<ref name=":6">England & Wales, Civil Registration Death Index, 1916-2007 [database on-line]. London, England: General Register Office.</ref><ref name=":2">Template:Cite news</ref>
March 16 – Francisco Ayala, Spanish novelist (d. 2009)
March 19 – Adolf Eichmann, German war criminal (executed 1962)
March 20 – Ozzie Nelson, American actor, director and producer (d. 1975)
March 21 – Jim Thompson, American businessman (disappeared 1967)
March 25 – A. J. P. Taylor, English historian (d. 1990)
March 26 – Rafael Méndez, Mexican trumpet player (d. 1981)
March 31 – Shin'ichirō Tomonaga, Japanese physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
April 1 – Alexander Yakovlev, Russian politician, architect of perestroika (d. 1989)
April 4 – Bea Benaderet, American actress (d. 1968)
April 5 – Yin Shun, Chinese Buddhist master (d. 2005)
April 6 – Virginia Hall, American spy with the Special Operations Executive during WWII (d. 1982)
April 9 – Antal Doráti, Hungarian-born American conductor (d. 1988)
April 13 – Samuel Beckett, Irish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
April 22 – Eddie Albert, American actor and activist (d. 2005)
April 24 – William Joyce, Irish-American World War II Nazi propaganda broadcaster ("Lord Haw-Haw") (executed 1946)
April 25
- Joel Brand, Hungarian rescue worker (d. 1964)
- William J. Brennan Jr., Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1997)
- A. W. Haydon, American inventor (d. 1982)
April 28
- Tony Accardo, American gangster (d. 1992)
- Kurt Gödel, Austrian logician, mathematician, and philosopher of mathematics (d. 1978)
April 29 – Pedro Vargas, Mexican singer and actor (d. 1989)<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

May–June

File:Mary Astor-1930s.JPG

Mary Astor

File:Roberto Rossellini.jpg

Roberto Rossellini

File:Baker Harcourt 1940 2.jpg

Josephine Baker

File:Maria Goeppert-Mayer.jpg

Maria Goeppert Mayer

May 3 – Mary Astor, American actress and writer (d. 1987)
May 6 – André Weil, French mathematician (d. 1998)
May 8 – Roberto Rossellini, Italian director (d. 1977)
May 11
- Jacqueline Cochran, American aviator (d. 1980)
- Richard Arvin Overton, oldest living man in the United States and oldest surviving American veteran (World War II) (d. 2018)
May 15 – Humberto Delgado, Portuguese general, politician (d. 1965)
May 16 – Arturo Uslar Pietri, Venezuelan writer (d. 2001)
May 19
- Bruce Bennett, American athlete, actor (d. 2007)
- Jimmy MacDonald, Scottish-American sound effects artist, voice actor (d. 1991)
May 20 – Giuseppe Siri, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (d. 1989)
May 27 – Ajahn Buddhadasa, Thai Buddhist monk (d. 1993)
May 29 – T. H. White, British writer (d. 1964)
June 3 – Josephine Baker, American-born French entertainer (d. 1975)
June 6 – Max August Zorn, German-born American mathematician (d. 1993)
June 15 – Léon Degrelle, Belgian fascist (d. 1994)
June 17 – James H. Flatley, American admiral, aviator (d. 1958)
June 19 – Sir Ernst Chain, German-born British biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
June 22
- Anne Morrow Lindbergh, American author, aviator (d. 2001)
- Billy Wilder, Austrian-born American screenwriter, film director and producer (d. 2002)
June 24 – Pierre Fournier, French cellist (d. 1986)
June 26
- Viktor Schreckengost, American industrial designer, teacher, sculptor and artist (d. 2008)
- M. P. Sivagnanam, Indian politician (d. 1995)
June 27 – Catherine Cookson, English author (d. 1998)
June 28 – Maria Goeppert Mayer, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1972)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

July–August

File:Hans Bethe.jpg

Hans Bethe

File:George Sanders Allan Warren.jpg

George Sanders

File:Satchel Paige.jpg

Satchel Paige

File:Vladimir Prelog ETH-Bib Portr 00214.jpg

Vladimir Prelog

File:Marie-Jose of Belgium, Queen of Italy.jpg

Marie-José of Belgium

File:Sir John Betjeman (1906-1984).jpg

Sir John Betjeman

File:Joaquin Balaguer 1977.jpg

Joaquín Balaguer

July 1
- Jean Dieudonné, French mathematician, academic (d. 1992)
- Estée Lauder, American cosmetics entrepreneur (d. 2004)
- Ivan Neill, British Army officer and Irish Unionist politician (d. 2001)
July 2
- Hans Bethe, German-born American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
- Károly Kárpáti, Hungarian Jewish wrestler (d. 1996)
July 3
- Alberto Lleras Camargo, Colombian politician, 20th President of Colombia (d. 1990)
- George Sanders, Russian-born British actor (d. 1972)
July 4 – Vincent Schaefer, American chemist, meteorologist (d. 1993)
July 7
- Helene Johnson, African-American poet (d. 1995)
- Satchel Paige, American baseball player (d. 1982)
July 8 – Philip Johnson, American architect (d. 2005)
July 11 – Herbert Wehner, German politician (d. 1990)
July 17 – Dunc Gray, Australian track cyclist (d. 1996)
July 18 – S. I. Hayakawa, Canadian-born American academic, politician (d. 1992)
July 21 – Caroline Smith, American diver (d. 1994)
July 23 – Vladimir Prelog, Croatian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
August 5
- Joan Hickson, British actress (d. 1998)
- John Huston, American film director, screenwriter, and actor (d. 1987)
- Wassily Leontief, Russian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
August 5 – Marie-José of Belgium, last Queen of Italy (d. 2001)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
August 14 – Horst P. Horst, German photographer (d. 1999)
August 17 – Marcelo Caetano, Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1980)
August 19 – Philo Farnsworth, American inventor (d. 1971)
August 26 – Albert Sabin, Polish-born American medical researcher (d. 1993)
August 27 – Ed Gein, American serial killer (d. 1984)
August 28 – John Betjeman, English poet (d. 1984)
August 30 – Joan Blondell, American actress (d. 1979)

September–October

File:Janet Gaynor (1934) (cropped).JPG

Janet Gaynor

File:UNESCO History, Visite de S. Exc. M. Léopold Sedar Senghor, Président de la République du Sénégal - UNESCO - PHOTO0000002688 0001 (cropped).tiff

Léopold Sédar Senghor

September 1
- Joaquín Balaguer, 41st, 45th, & 49th President of the Dominican Republic, writer (d. 2002)
- Eleanor Alice Burford, English writer (d. 1993)
September 4 – Max Delbrück, German-born American biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981)
September 6 – Luis Federico Leloir, French-born Argentine chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
September 8 – Andrei Kirilenko, Soviet politician (d. 1990)
September 17 – J. R. Jayewardene, President of Sri Lanka (d. 1996)
September 26
- José Figueres Ferrer, 32nd, 34th, & 38th President of Costa Rica (d. 1990)
- Dmitri Shostakovich, Russian composer (d. 1975)
September 27 – William Empson, English poet, critic (d. 1984)
October 6 – Janet Gaynor, American Academy Award-winning actress (d. 1984)
October 9 – Léopold Sédar Senghor, 1st President of Senegal (d. 2001)
October 10 – R. K. Narayan, Indian novelist (d. 2001)
October 14
- Hassan al-Banna, Egyptian founder of the Muslim Brotherhood (d. 1949)
- Hannah Arendt, German political theorist (d. 1975)<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref>
October 23 – Gertrude Ederle, American swimmer (d. 2003)
October 24 – Marie-Louise von Motesiczky, Austrian-born British painter (d. 1996)
October 26 – Primo Carnera, Italian boxer (d. 1967)
October 29 – Fredric Brown, American writer (d. 1972)

November–December

File:Luchino Visconti 1972b.jpg

Luchino Visconti

File:Wanrong hat.jpg

Wanrong

File:Leonid Brezjnev, leider van de Sovjet-Unie, Bestanddeelnr 925-6564.jpg

Leonid Brezhnev

November 2
- Ferit Melen, 14th Prime Minister of Turkey (d. 1988)
- Luchino Visconti, Italian theatre, cinema director, writer (d. 1976)
November 5
- Philip Roberts, British general (d. 1997)
- Fred Lawrence Whipple, American astronomer (d. 2004)
November 9 – Arthur Rudolph, German rocket engineer (d. 1996)
November 10 – Josef Kramer, German Nazi concentration camp commandant (d. 1945)
November 13
- Wanrong, last empress of China (d. 1946)
- Hermione Baddeley, English character actress (d. 1986)
November 14 – Louise Brooks, American actress (d. 1985)
November 15 – Curtis LeMay, United States Air Force general, vice-presidential candidate (d. 1990)
November 16 – Henri Charrière, French author (d. 1973)
November 17 – Soichiro Honda, Japanese industrialist (d. 1991)
November 18
- Alec Issigonis, Greek-born British automobile designer (d. 1988)
- Klaus Mann, German writer (d. 1949)
- George Wald, American scientist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)
November 22 – Jørgen Juve, Norwegian football player and journalist (d. 1983)
December 5 – Ahn Eak-tai, Korean composer and conductor (d. 1965)
December 9 – Grace Hopper, American computer scientist, naval officer (d. 1992)
December 13
- Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark (d. 1968)
- Laurens van der Post, South African author, journalist (d. 1996)
December 19 – Leonid Brezhnev, Soviet leader (d. 1982)
December 24 – James Hadley Chase, English writer (d. 1985)
December 25 – Ernst Ruska, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1988)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
December 27 – Oscar Levant, American pianist, composer, author, comedian, and actor (d. 1972)
December 30 – Carol Reed, English film director (d. 1976)

Deaths

January–June

File:Bartolomé Mitre 01.jpg

Bartolomé Mitre

File:Pierre Curie by Dujardin c1906.jpg

Pierre Curie

File:Christian IX of Denmark color altered.jpg

Christian IX of Denmark

File:Manuel Quintana -1910.JPG

Manuel Quintana

January 1 – Todor Ivanchov, 11th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1858)
January 13 – Alexander Stepanovich Popov, Russian physicist (b. 1859)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
January 18 – Sir William Forbes Gatacre, British general (b. 1843)
January 19 – Bartolomé Mitre, Argentine statesman, military figure and author, 6th President of Argentina (b. 1821)
January 20 – Maria Cristina of the Immaculate Conception Brando, Italian Roman Catholic nun, saint (b. 1856)
January 25 – Joseph Wheeler, American general, politician (b. 1836)
January 29 – King Christian IX of Denmark (b. 1818)
February 8 – Giuseppina Gabriella Bonino, Italian Roman Catholic religious professed (b. 1843)
February 9 – Paul Laurence Dunbar, American poet and publisher (b. 1872)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
February 13 – Albert Gottschalk, Danish painter (b. 1866)
February 18 – John B. Stetson, American hat maker (b. 1830)
February 26 – Jean Lanfray, Swiss convicted murderer (b. 1874)<ref name = "Conrad4">Template:Cite book</ref>
February 27 – Samuel Langley, American astronomer, physicist, and aeronautics pioneer (b. 1834)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
March 1 – José María de Pereda, Spanish writer (b. 1833)
March 4 – John Schofield, American general (b. 1831)
March 8 – Henry Baker Tristram, English clergyman, ornithologist (b. 1822)
March 12 – Manuel Quintana, 15th President of Argentina (b. 1835)
March 13
- Susan B. Anthony, American civil rights, women's suffrage activist (b. 1820)
- Joseph Monier, French gardener, inventor (b. 1823)
March 17 – Johann Most, German-American anarchist (b. 1846)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
March 19 – Victor Fatio, Swiss zoologist (b. 1838)
March 20 – Adeline Dutton Train Whitney, American author of juvenile literature for girls (b. 1824)
March 23 – Thomas Lake Harris, American poet (b. 1823)
March 29
- Slava Raškaj, Croatian painter (b. 1877)
- Albert Sorel, French historian (b. 1842)
April 6 – Alexander Kielland, Norwegian author (b. 1849)
April 19
- Pierre Curie, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
- Spencer Gore, British tennis player, cricketer (b. 1850)
April 25 – John Knowles Paine, American composer (b. 1839)
May 10 – Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin, Sultan of Brunei (b. 1825)
May 14 – Carl Schurz, German revolutionary, American statesman (b. 1829)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
May 23 – Henrik Ibsen, Norwegian playwright (b. 1828)
June 5 – Eduard von Hartmann, German philosopher (b. 1842)<ref>{{#if: |

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