Voiced uvular plosive

A voiced uvular plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. It is pronounced like a voiced velar plosive Template:IPA, except that the tongue makes contact not on the soft palate but on the uvula. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA, a small capital version of the Latin letter g.

Template:IPA is a rare sound, even compared to other uvulars.Template:Sfnp Vaux proposes a phonological explanation: uvular consonants normally involve a neutral or a retracted tongue root, whereas voiced stops often involve an advanced tongue root: two articulations that cannot physically co-occur. This leads many languages of the world to have a voiced uvular fricative Template:IPA instead as the voiced counterpart of the voiceless uvular plosive. Examples are Inuit; several Turkic languages such as Uyghur; several Northwest Caucasian languages such as Abkhaz; as well as several Northeast Caucasian languages such as Ingush.

Features

Features of a voiced uvular stop:

Occurrence

Uvular

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Arabic	Sudanese	Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'cow'	Corresponds to Template:IPA in Standard Arabic. See Arabic phonology
	YemeniTemplate:Sfnp	Template:Lang	Template:Audio-IPA	'Khat'	Some dialects.Template:Sfnp Corresponds to Template:IPA in Standard Arabic. See Arabic phonology
English	AustralianTemplate:Sfnp	gaudy	Template:IPA	'gaudy'	Pre-uvular; allophone of Template:IPA before Template:IPA.Template:Sfnp See Australian English phonology
Low German	Rügen dialect	Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'long'
KetTemplate:Sfnp		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'cave in the ground'	Allophone of Template:IPA after Template:IPA.Template:Sfnp
Kwak'wala		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'thank you'
Lishan Didan	Urmi Dialect	בקא‎/baqqa	Template:IPA	'frog'	Allophone of Template:IPA when between a vowel/sonorant and a vowel.
Malto		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'to tell'	Allophone of Template:IPA after Template:IPA, Template:IPA is Template:IPA in Southern and Western dialects. See Malto#Phonology.
Mongolian		Template:Lang Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'Mongolian'	Allophone of Template:IPA before back vowels, phonemic word-finally.
Nivkh		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'our dog'	Allophone of Template:IPA
Persian	Iranian	Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'coffee'	See Persian phonology.
Somali		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'Mogadishu'	Allophone of Template:IPA. See Somali phonology
Tabasaran		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'he' (ergative)
Tlingit		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'hill'	Among some younger speakers, for standard Template:IPA. See Tlingit phonology
Tsakhur		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'stone'
Turkmen		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'snow'	An allophone of /ɡ/ next to back vowels
Xumi	LowerTemplate:Sfnp	Template:IPA		'to stew'	Slightly affricated; occurs only in a few words.Template:Sfnp Corresponds to the cluster Template:IPA in Upper Xumi.Template:Sfnp

Pre-uvular

There is also a voiced post-velar or pre-uvular plosive<ref>Instead of "pre-uvular", it can be called "advanced uvular", "fronted uvular", "post-velar", "retracted velar" or "backed velar". For simplicity, this article uses only the term "pre-uvular".</ref> in some languages, which is articulated slightly more front compared with the place of articulation of the prototypical uvular plosive, though not as front as the prototypical velar plosive. The International Phonetic Alphabet does not have a separate symbol for that sound, though it can be transcribed as Template:Angbr IPA, (symbol denotes an advanced Template:Angbr IPA), Template:Angbr IPA or Template:Angbr IPA (both symbols denote a retracted Template:Angbr IPA).

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
English	AustralianTemplate:Sfnp	gaudy	Template:IPA	'gaudy'	Pre-uvular; allophone of Template:IPA before Template:IPA.Template:Sfnp See Australian English phonology
YanyuwaTemplate:Sfnp		kuykurlu	Template:IPA	'sacred'	Pre-uvular.Template:Sfnp Contrasts plain and prenasalized versions

See also

• Index of phonetics articles

References

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External links

• Template:Phoible