Voiceless uvular plosive

A voiceless uvular plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. It is pronounced like a voiceless velar plosive Template:IPA, except that the tongue makes contact not on the soft palate but on the uvula. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA.

Features

File:Voiceless uvular plosive.svg

Features of a voiceless uvular stop:

Occurrence

Uvular

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Abaza		Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'man'
Adyghe		Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:Audio-IPA	'rooster'
AleutTemplate:Sfnp		Template:Lang/Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'grass'
Arabic	Modern StandardTemplate:Sfnp	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:Audio-IPA	'cat'	See Arabic phonology
	Hejazi	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'peak'	Allophone of Template:IPA. See Hejazi Arabic phonology
	GulfTemplate:Sfnp	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'tomorrow'	Corresponds to Template:IPA in other dialects.
	Algerian
Assyrian		Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'for'	Often realized as a tense /k/Template:Vague rather than uvular /q/.
Archi		Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'human skin'
Avá-CanoeiroTemplate:Sfnp		Template:IPA		'this'	Possible realisation of Template:IPA. In the speech of people aged 40 to 80 years, the consonant is in free variation with Template:IPA, Template:IPA and Template:IPA in post-tonic or primarily or secondarily stressed syllables.Template:Sfnp
Bashkir		Template:Lang/Template:Lang	Template:Audio-IPA	'goose'
Chechen		Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'three'
Chukchi		Template:Lang	[nət͡ʃəmjəqen]	'bitter'
Crimean Tatar		Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'Crimea'
Dawsahak		Template:IPA		'dry'
English	Multicultural LondonTemplate:Sfnp<ref name="wellsblog">Template:Cite web</ref>	cut	Template:IPA	'cut'	Allophone of Template:IPA before non-high back vowels.<ref name="wellsblog"/><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
	Non-local Dublin<ref name="unidue">Template:Cite web</ref>	back	Template:IPA	'back'	Allophone of Template:IPA after a retracted vowel for some speakers.<ref name="unidue"/>
Eyak		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'wolf'
German	Chemnitz dialectTemplate:Sfnp	Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'skirt'	In free variation with Template:IPAblink, Template:IPAblink, Template:IPAblink and Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp Does not occur in the coda.Template:Sfnp
Greenlandic		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'he has a house'	See Greenlandic phonology
Hebrew	Biblical	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'voice'	See Biblical Hebrew phonology
	Mizrahi				See Mizrahi Hebrew
	Shar'ab Temani	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA		See Yemenite Hebrew
Hmong	White Hmong	Template:Script / Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'old', 'ancient', 'outdated' or 'archaic'
Hungarian		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'soot'	Possible allophone of /k/ before back vowels. See Hungarian phonology
Hindustani	Hindi	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'lightning'	Mostly in Hindi–Urdu loanwords from Arabic, pronounced mainly in Urdu and by educated Hindi speakers, with rural Hindi speakers often pronouncing it as a Template:IPAblink. See Hindustani phonology<ref name="Shapiro1989">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="Morelli2019">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="KulshreshthaMathur2012">Template:Cite book</ref>
	Urdu	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration
Ibaloi		Template:Lang		'cloud'
Inuktitut		Template:Lang/Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'explore'	See Inuit phonology
Iraqw		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'break'
Kabardian		Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:Audio-IPA	'Kabardian'
Kabyle		Template:Lang	Template:Audio	'Kabyle language'	May be voiced Template:IPAblink.
		Template:Lang
		Template:Lang
Kavalan		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'elder brother'
Kazakh		Template:Lang/Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'Kazakhstan'	An allophone of Template:IPAslink before back vowels
Ket		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'begin'
Klallam		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'iron'
Kurdish	Sorani	Template:Lang/Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'School'	An allophone of Template:IPAslink before back vowels
	Kurmanji	Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'crustacean'	An allophone of Template:IPAslink before back vowels
Kutenai		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'nine'
Kyrgyz		Template:Lang/Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'Kyrgyzstan'	An allophone of Template:IPAslink before back vowels
Lishan Didan	Urmi Dialect	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'foot, leg'
Maltese	Archaic Cottonera Dialect	Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'cat'
Malto		क़ान/qán	Template:IPA	'eye'	Corresponds to /x/ in other North Dravidian languages. See Malto#Phonology.
Nez Perce		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'I go to scoop him up in the fire'
Nivkh		Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'three'
Ossetian	Iron	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'Vladikavkaz'
Persian	Early New Persian	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'spoon'	May be allophonicly voiced to [ɢ] before a voiced stop. See Persian phonology.
	Dari standard		Template:IPA
	Tajik standard	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA
	Some Iranian speakers Template:Who	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'frog'	In Western Iranian dialects /q/ and /ɣ/ have merged into /ɢ/. Though some dialects in eastern Iran may preserve the distinction in some words. See Persian phonology.
QuechuaTemplate:Sfnp		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'tongue'
Sahaptin		qu	Template:IPA	'heavy'
Seediq		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'Seediq'
Seereer-SiinTemplate:Sfnp		Template:Example needed	—	—
Shor		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'shaman'
Somali		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'shape'	See Somali phonology
St’át’imcets		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'to touch'
Tlingit		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'tree spine'	Tlingit contrasts six different uvular stops
Tatar		Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'from where?'
Tsimshian		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'tobacco'
Turkmen		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'white'	Allophone of /k/ next to back vowels
Ubykh		qhë	Template:IPA	'grave'	One of ten distinct uvular stop phonemes. See Ubykh phonology
Uyghur		Template:Lang/Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'white'
Yup'ik		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'fresh water'
Yukaghir	Northern	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'one'
	Southern	Template:Lang/Template:Transliteration	Template:IPA	'two'
!Xóõ		Template:Lang	Template:Audio	'to smooth'

Pre-uvular

Template:Infobox IPA There is also the voiceless post-velar or pre-uvular plosive<ref>Instead of "pre-uvular", it can be called "advanced uvular", "fronted uvular", "post-velar", "retracted velar" or "backed velar". For simplicity, this article uses only the term "pre-uvular".</ref> in some languages, which is articulated slightly more front compared with the place of articulation of the prototypical uvular consonant, though not as front as the prototypical velar consonant. The International Phonetic Alphabet does not have a separate symbol for that sound, though it can be transcribed as Template:Angbr IPA, Template:Angbr IPA, or Template:Angbr IPA (all symbols denote an advanced Template:Angbr IPA) or Template:Angbr IPA or Template:Angbr IPA (both symbols denote a retracted Template:Angbr IPA).

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
English	AustralianTemplate:Sfnp	caught	Template:IPA	'caught'	Pre-uvular; allophone of Template:IPA before Template:IPA.Template:Sfnp See Australian English phonology
UzbekTemplate:Sfnp		Template:Lang	Template:IPA	'arm'	Pre-uvular; sometimes realized as an affricate Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp
Western Neo-Aramaic	Bakh'a	Template:Example needed			Pre-uvular, though in Ma'loula it is slightly more front.
	Ma'loula	Template:Example needed

See also

• Guttural
• Index of phonetics articles
• Qoph
• ق
• Voiced uvular stop

References

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External links

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