Voiceless uvular plosive

A voiceless uvular plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. It is pronounced like a voiceless velar plosive {{#invoke:IPA|main}}, except that the tongue makes contact not on the soft palate but on the uvula. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA.

Features

File:Voiceless uvular plosive.svg

Features of a voiceless uvular stop:

Occurrence

Uvular

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Abaza		lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'man'
Adyghe		lang}}/Template:Transliteration	Template:Audio-IPA	'rooster'
AleutTemplate:Sfnp		lang}}/{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}	main}}	'grass'
Arabic	Modern StandardTemplate:Sfnp	lang}}/Template:Transliteration	Template:Audio-IPA	'cat'	See Arabic phonology
	Hejazi	lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'peak'	main}}. See Hejazi Arabic phonology
	GulfTemplate:Sfnp	{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}/Template:Transliteration	{{#invoke:IPA|main}}	'tomorrow'	Corresponds to {{#invoke:IPA|main}} in other dialects.
	Algerian
Assyrian		lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'for'	Often realized as a tense /k/Template:Vague rather than uvular /q/.
Archi		lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'human skin'
Avá-CanoeiroTemplate:Sfnp		{{#invoke:IPA|main}}		'this'	main}}. In the speech of people aged 40 to 80 years, the consonant is in free variation with {{#invoke:IPA|main}}, {{#invoke:IPA|main}} and {{#invoke:IPA|main}} in post-tonic or primarily or secondarily stressed syllables.Template:Sfnp
Bashkir		lang}}/{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'goose'
Chechen		lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'three'
Chukchi		lang}}	[nət͡ʃəmjəqen]	'bitter'
Crimean Tatar		lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'Crimea'
Dawsahak		{{#invoke:IPA|main}}		'dry'
English	Multicultural LondonTemplate:Sfnp<ref name="wellsblog">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> || cut || {{#invoke:IPA|main}} || 'cut' || Allophone of {{#invoke:IPA|main}} before non-high back vowels.<ref name="wellsblog"/><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
	Non-local Dublin<ref name="unidue">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> || back || {{#invoke:IPA|main}} || 'back' || Allophone of {{#invoke:IPA|main}} after a retracted vowel for some speakers.<ref name="unidue"/>
Eyak		lang}}	main}}	'wolf'
German	Chemnitz dialectTemplate:Sfnp	lang}}	main}}	'skirt'	In free variation with Template:IPAblink, Template:IPAblink, Template:IPAblink and Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp Does not occur in the coda.Template:Sfnp
Greenlandic		lang}}	main}}	'he has a house'	See Greenlandic phonology
Hebrew	Biblical	{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}/Template:Transliteration	{{#invoke:IPA|main}}	'voice'	See Biblical Hebrew phonology
	Mizrahi				See Mizrahi Hebrew
	Shar'ab Temani	lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}		See Yemenite Hebrew
Hmong	White Hmong	Template:Script / {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}	main}}	'old', 'ancient', 'outdated' or 'archaic'
Hungarian		lang}}	main}}	'soot'	Possible allophone of /k/ before back vowels. See Hungarian phonology
Hindustani	Hindi	lang}}/Template:Transliteration	{{#invoke:IPA|main}}	'lightning'	Mostly in Hindi–Urdu loanwords from Arabic, pronounced mainly in Urdu and by educated Hindi speakers, with rural Hindi speakers often pronouncing it as a Template:IPAblink. See Hindustani phonology<ref name="Shapiro1989">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="Morelli2019">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="KulshreshthaMathur2012">Template:Cite book</ref>
	Urdu	lang}}/Template:Transliteration
Ibaloi		lang}}		'cloud'
Inuktitut		lang}}/{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}	main}}	'explore'	See Inuit phonology
Iraqw		lang}}	main}}	'break'
Kabardian		lang}}/Template:Transliteration	Template:Audio-IPA	'Kabardian'
Kabyle		lang}}	Template:Audio	'Kabyle language'	May be voiced Template:IPAblink.
		lang}}
		lang}}
Kavalan		lang}}	main}}	'elder brother'
Kazakh		lang}}/{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}	main}}	'Kazakhstan'	An allophone of Template:IPAslink before back vowels
Ket		lang}}	main}}	'begin'
Klallam		lang}}	main}}	'iron'
Kurdish	Sorani	{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}/{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}	main}}	'School'	An allophone of Template:IPAslink before back vowels
	Kurmanji	{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}	main}}	'crustacean'	An allophone of Template:IPAslink before back vowels
Kutenai		lang}}	main}}	'nine'
Kyrgyz		{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}/{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}	main}}	'Kyrgyzstan'	An allophone of Template:IPAslink before back vowels
Lishan Didan	Urmi Dialect	lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'foot, leg'
Maltese	Archaic Cottonera Dialect	lang}}	main}}	'cat'
Malto		क़ान/qán	main}}	'eye'	Corresponds to /x/ in other North Dravidian languages. See Malto#Phonology.
Nez Perce		lang}}	main}}	'I go to scoop him up in the fire'
Nivkh		lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'three'
Ossetian	Iron	lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'Vladikavkaz'
Persian	Early New Persian	{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'spoon'	May be allophonicly voiced to [ɢ] before a voiced stop. See Persian phonology.
	Dari standard		main}}
	Tajik standard	lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}
	Some Iranian speakers Template:Who	lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'frog'	In Western Iranian dialects /q/ and /ɣ/ have merged into /ɢ/. Though some dialects in eastern Iran may preserve the distinction in some words. See Persian phonology.
QuechuaTemplate:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'tongue'
Sahaptin		qu	main}}	'heavy'
Seediq		lang}}	main}}	'Seediq'
Seereer-SiinTemplate:Sfnp		Template:Example needed	—	—
Shor		lang}}	main}}	'shaman'
Somali		lang}}	main}}	'shape'	See Somali phonology
St’át’imcets		lang}}	main}}	'to touch'
Tlingit		lang}}	main}}	'tree spine'	Tlingit contrasts six different uvular stops
Tatar		lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'from where?'
Tsimshian		lang}}	main}}	'tobacco'
Turkmen		lang}}	main}}	'white'	Allophone of /k/ next to back vowels
Ubykh		qhë	main}}	'grave'	One of ten distinct uvular stop phonemes. See Ubykh phonology
Uyghur		lang}}/{{#invoke:Lang|lang}}	main}}	'white'
Yup'ik		lang}}	main}}	'fresh water'
Yukaghir	Northern	lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'one'
	Southern	lang}}/Template:Transliteration	main}}	'two'
!Xóõ		lang}}	Template:Audio	'to smooth'

Pre-uvular

Template:Infobox IPA There is also the voiceless post-velar or pre-uvular plosive<ref>Instead of "pre-uvular", it can be called "advanced uvular", "fronted uvular", "post-velar", "retracted velar" or "backed velar". For simplicity, this article uses only the term "pre-uvular".</ref> in some languages, which is articulated slightly more front compared with the place of articulation of the prototypical uvular consonant, though not as front as the prototypical velar consonant. The International Phonetic Alphabet does not have a separate symbol for that sound, though it can be transcribed as Template:Angbr IPA, Template:Angbr IPA, or Template:Angbr IPA (all symbols denote an advanced Template:Angbr IPA) or Template:Angbr IPA or Template:Angbr IPA (both symbols denote a retracted Template:Angbr IPA).

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
English	AustralianTemplate:Sfnp	caught	main}}	'caught'	main}} before {{#invoke:IPA|main}}.Template:Sfnp See Australian English phonology
UzbekTemplate:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'arm'	Pre-uvular; sometimes realized as an affricate Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp
Western Neo-Aramaic	Bakh'a	Template:Example needed			Pre-uvular, though in Ma'loula it is slightly more front.
	Ma'loula	Template:Example needed

See also

• Guttural
• Index of phonetics articles
• Qoph
• ق
• Voiced uvular stop

References

• Template:Citation
• Template:Citation
• Template:Citation
• Template:Citation
• Template:Citation
• {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}

• Template:Citation
• Template:Cite conference
• Template:Citation

External links

• Template:Phoible