Open-mid front unrounded vowel

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox IPA Template:IPA vowels

The open-mid front unrounded vowel, or low-mid front unrounded vowel,<ref>Template:Vowel terminology</ref> is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is the Latin epsilon, a Latinized variant of the Greek lowercase epsilon, Template:Angbr IPA.

Features

Template:Open-mid vowel Template:Front vowel Template:Unrounded vowel

Template:Gallery Template:Clear

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Akan (Twi) ɛyɛ Template:IPA 'it is good/fine' See Akan phonology
Arabic Quranic Template:Lang/atāhum Template:IPA 'he came to them' /aː/ in Modern Standard Arabic. See Arabic phonology
Armenian EasternTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang/ēj Template:IPA 'page'
Bavarian Amstetten dialect<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt, cited in Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Template:Example needed Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA.
BengaliTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang/bêṅ Template:IPA 'frog' Also pronounced as Template:IPA. See Bengali phonology
Breton<ref>Mikael Madeg, Traité de prononciation du breton du Nord-Ouest à l’usage des bretonnants, Emgleo Breiz, Brest, 2010</ref> gwenn [ˈɡwɛnː] 'white'
BulgarianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang/pet Template:IPA 'five' See Bulgarian phonology
CatalanTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'seven' See Catalan phonology
Chinese MandarinTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang / Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'sky' Height varies between mid and open depending on the speaker. See Standard Chinese phonology
Chuvash ҫепĕҫ [ˈɕɛp̬ɘɕ] 'gentle, tender'
CzechTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'ice' In Bohemian Czech, this vowel varies between open-mid front Template:IPA, open-mid near-front Template:IPA and mid near-front Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Czech phonology
Danish StandardTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'fresh' Most often transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. See Danish phonology
Dutch StandardTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'bed' See Dutch phonology
The HagueTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'you' Corresponds to Template:IPA in standard Dutch.
English General AmericanTemplate:Sfnp bed Template:Audio-IPA 'bed'
Northern EnglandTemplate:Sfnp May be somewhat lowered.Template:Sfnp
Received PronunciationTemplate:Sfnp<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Older RP speakers pronounce a closer vowel Template:IPAblink. See English phonology
Younger General Australian speakers Realization of /e/ due to an ongoing short-front vowel chain shift. See Australian English phonology
ScottishTemplate:Sfnp
CockneyTemplate:Sfnp fat Template:IPA 'fat'
SingaporeanTemplate:Sfnp
New ZealandTemplate:Sfnp See New Zealand English phonology
Broad Australian Realization of /æ/. General Australian speakers realize this vowel as Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink. See Australian English phonology
Some Broad
South African speakersTemplate:Sfnp		 Other speakers realize this vowel as Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink. See South African English phonology
Belfast<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> days Template:IPA 'days' Pronounced Template:IPA in closed syllables; corresponds to Template:IPA in RP.
Zulu<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> mate Template:IPA 'mate' Speakers exhibit a met-mate merger.
FaroeseTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'greedy' See Faroese phonology
FrenchTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'beast' See French phonology
Galician Template:Lang Template:IPA 'iron' See Galician phonology
GeorgianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang/gedi Template:IPA 'swan'
German StandardTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'bed' Also described as mid Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Standard German phonology
Franconian accentTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'or' Used instead of Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Standard German phonology
Coastal Northern accentsTemplate:Sfnp
Swabian accentTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'fat' Contrasts with the close-mid Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Standard German phonology
Western Swiss accentsTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'lake' Close-mid Template:IPAblink in other accents; contrasts with the near-open Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Standard German phonology
Hindustani Hindi Template:Lang Template:IPA 'to stay' See Hindustani phonology
Urdu Template:Lang
Hungarian lesz [ˈlɛsː] 'will be' Allophone of [æ].
ItalianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'good' See Italian phonology
KaingangTemplate:Sfnp mbre Template:IPA 'with'
Korean Template:Lang / Template:Lang Template:IPA 'cicada' Merged with /e/ for many speakers. See Korean phonology
Kurdish Kurmanji (Northern) Template:Lang Template:IPA 'seventeen' See Kurdish phonology
Sorani (Central) Template:Lang/hevde Template:IPA
Pehlewî (Southern) Template:IPA
LimburgishTemplate:SfnpTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'cream' The example word is from the Maastrichtian dialect.
Lithuanian Template:Lang Template:IPA 'throw' See Lithuanian phonology
Lower SorbianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'sickle'
LuxembourgishTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'star' Allophone of Template:IPA before Template:IPA.Template:Sfnp See Luxembourgish phonology
Macedonian<ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref><ref>Template:Harvcoltxt</ref> Standard Template:Lang/med Template:IPA 'honey' See Macedonian language § Vowels
Malay Standard paling Template:IPA 'most' Possible realisation of Template:IPA and Template:IPA in closed final syllables. See Malay phonology
Negeri Sembilan cepat Template:IPA 'quick' See Negeri Sembilan Malay
Kelatan-Pattani ayam Template:IPA 'chicken' See Kelatan-Pattani
Terengganu biasa Template:IPA 'normal' See Terengganu Malay
Perak mata Template:IPA 'eye' See Perak Malay
Norman Jersey affaûrder Template:IPA 'to afford'
Norwegian SognamålTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'plague' See Norwegian phonology
Occitan Template:Lang Template:IPA 'Greek' See Occitan phonology
PolishTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:Audio-IPA 'this one' (nom. m.) See Polish phonology
Portuguese Most dialectsTemplate:Sfnp<ref>Variação inter- e intra-dialetal no português brasileiro: um problema para a teoria fonológica – Seung-Hwa LEE & Marco A. de Oliveira Template:Webarchive</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'foot' Stressed vowel might be lower Template:IPAblink. The presence and use of other unstressed ⟨e⟩ allophones, such as Template:IPA, varies according to dialect.
Some speakers<ref>Lista das marcas dialetais e ouros fenómenos de variação (fonética e fonológica) identificados nas amostras do Arquivo Dialetal do CLUP</ref> Template:Lang Template:IPA 'time' Timbre differences for nasalized vowels are mainly kept in European Portuguese. See Portuguese phonology
Romanian Transylvanian dialectsTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA '(he) sees' Corresponds to mid Template:IPAblink in standard Romanian. See Romanian phonology
RussianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang/eto Template:Audio-IPA 'this' See Russian phonology
ShiwiarTemplate:Sfnp Template:Example needed Allophone of Template:IPA.
Slovene Template:Lang Template:IPA 'throw' (n.) See Slovene phonology
Spanish Eastern AndalusianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'the mothers' Corresponds to Template:IPAblink in other dialects, but in these dialects they are distinct. See Spanish phonology
MurcianTemplate:Sfnp
Swahili shule [ʃulɛ] 'school'
Swedish Central StandardTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'eat' (imp.) Somewhat retracted.Template:Sfnp See Swedish phonology
Tagalog Template:Lang Template:IPA 'fake' See Tagalog phonology
Telugu చేప [tʃɛːa] 'Fish'
మేక [mɛːka] 'Goat'
Thai Template:Lang / trae Template:IPA 'horn (instrument)'
TurkishTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'country' Allophone of Template:IPA described variously as "word-final"Template:Sfnp and "occurring in final open syllable of a phrase".Template:Sfnp See Turkish phonology
UkrainianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang/den' Template:IPA 'day' See Ukrainian phonology
Upper SorbianTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'calf'
Welsh nesaf [nɛsav] 'next' See Welsh phonology
West FrisianTemplate:Sfnp Template:Lang Template:IPA 'grandma' See West Frisian phonology
YorubaTemplate:Sfnp ẹsẹ̀ Template:IPA 'leg'

See also

Notes

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References

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